Tuning Intermediate Band Solar Cell Efficiency: The Interplay of Electric Fields, Composition, Impurities, and Confinement.

In this study, we investigated the influence of structural parameters, including active region dimensions, electric field intensity, In-composition, impurity position, and potential profiles, on the energy levels, sub-gap transitions, and photovoltaic characteristics of a p-GaN/i-(In, Ga)N/GaN-n (p-QW-n) structure. The finite element method (FEM) has been used to solve numerically the Schrödinger equation. We found that particle and sub-gap energy levels are susceptible to well width, electric field, and impurity position.

Enhancing the Photovoltaic Efficiency of InGaN/GaN Quantum Well Intermediate Band Solar Cells Using Combined Electric and Magnetic Fields.

This study presents a theoretical investigation into the photovoltaic efficiency of InGaN/GaN quantum well-based intermediate band solar cells (IBSCs) under the simultaneous influence of electric and magnetic fields. The finite element method is employed to numerically solve the one-dimensional Schrödinger equation within the framework of the effective-mass approximation. Our findings reveal that electric and magnetic fields significantly influence the energy levels of electrons and holes, optical transition energies, open-circuit voltages, short-circuit currents, and overall photovoltaic conversion performances of IBSCs.

Evaluation of serum IL 18 / IL 18 binding protein ratio and their relation with IL- 18 gene polymorphisms in sample of Iraqi type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. A case control study.

Objective: To evaluate the ratio of interleukin18 and interleukin18 binding protein in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, and its relation with the presence of interleukin18-607C/A and interleukin18-137G/C gene polymorphisms and the type of complications.

Methods: The case-control study was conducted at the endocrinology clinic of the Madinat Al-Imamin Al-Kazemin Teaching Hospital, Iraq, from September 2020 to July 2021, and comprised diagnosed patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and healthy controls matched for age and gender. Blood samples were obtained that were processed for serum separation.

Serostatus of Coxsackie B in a sample of women with miscarriage in Baghdad, Iraq.

Background: The antibody that crosses transplacentally from mother to fetus is very important origin of protective passive immunity against infection neonatal with enterovirus. Important varieties of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) are responsible for infections in newborns. The purpose from this study is to investigate in the prevalence of Coxsackie B virus in a sample of Iraqi women with miscarriage and potential role of miscarriage risk.

Efficiency of InN/InGaN/GaN Intermediate-Band Solar Cell under the Effects of Hydrostatic Pressure, In-Compositions, Built-in-Electric Field, Confinement, and Thickness.

This paper presents a thorough numerical investigation focused on optimizing the efficiency of quantum-well intermediate-band solar cells (QW-IBSCs) based on III-nitride materials. The optimization strategy encompasses manipulating confinement potential energy, controlling hydrostatic pressure, adjusting compositions, and varying thickness. The built-in electric fields in (In, Ga)N alloys and heavy-hole levels are considered to enhance the results' accuracy.

Linear and nonlinear optical absorption coefficients in InGaN/GaN quantum wells: Interplay between intense laser field and higher-order anharmonic potentials.

This computational investigation delves into the electronic and optical attributes of InGaN/GaN nanostructures subjected to both harmonic and anharmonic confinement potentials, coupled with the influence of a nonresonant intense laser field (ILF). The theoretical framework incorporates higher-order anharmonic terms, specifically quartic and sextic terms. The solutions to the Schrödinger equation have been computed employing the finite element method and the effective mass theory.

Stigma perception and determinants among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Iraq.

Background And Purpose: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a leading cause of death worldwide. Stigma is a sign of social disgrace occurring within public relations, and it is linked with many health conditions including diabetes. Stigma could worsen the disease course, reduce treatment adherence, and affect the quality of life of diabetic patients.

High-Energy Radiation Effects on Silicon NPN Bipolar Transistor Electrical Performance: A Study with 1 MeV Proton Irradiation.

This study investigates the degradation of the silicon NPN transistor's emitter-base junction, specifically the 2N2219A model, under both forward and reverse polarization. We examine the current-voltage characteristics under the influence of 1 MeV proton irradiation at various fluencies, which are 5.3×108,5.

Enhancing Emission via Radiative Lifetime Manipulation in Ultrathin InGaN/GaN Quantum Wells: The Effects of Simultaneous Electric and Magnetic Fields, Thickness, and Impurity.

Ultra-thin quantum wells, with their unique charge confinement effects, are essential in enhancing the electronic and optical properties crucial for optoelectronic device optimization. This study focuses on theoretical investigations into radiative recombination lifetimes in nanostructures, specifically addressing both intra-subband (ISB: e-e) and band-to-band (BTB: e-hh) transitions within InGaN/GaN quantum wells (QWs). Our research unveils that the radiative lifetimes in ISB and BTB transitions are significantly influenced by external excitation, particularly in thin-layered QWs with strong confinement effects.

Effects of aerobic, resistance, and combined training on thyroid function and quality of life in hypothyroidism. A randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the effects of aerobic, resistance, and combined exercises on thyroid function, lipid profile, exercise capacity, and quality of life (QoL) in hypothyroid women.

Methods: Sixty women aged 35 to 45 with clinical hypothyroidism were randomized to four equal groups: aerobic training (AT), resistance training (RT), combined AT/RT, and control groups. All exercises were performed at low to moderate intensity, three days per week, and for 12 weeks.

Diverse values of nature for sustainability.

Twenty-five years since foundational publications on valuing ecosystem services for human well-being, addressing the global biodiversity crisis still implies confronting barriers to incorporating nature's diverse values into decision-making. These barriers include powerful interests supported by current norms and legal rules such as property rights, which determine whose values and which values of nature are acted on. A better understanding of how and why nature is (under)valued is more urgent than ever.

A Direct Comparison, and Prioritisation, of the Immunotherapeutic Targets Expressed by Adult and Paediatric Acute Myeloid Leukaemia Cells: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is characterized by impaired myeloid differentiation resulting in an accumulation of immature blasts in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. Although AML can occur at any age, the incidence peaks at age 65. The pathobiology of AML also varies with age with associated differences in incidence, as well as the frequency of cytogenetic change and somatic mutations.

Socioecological Challenges of Polio Supplementary Immunization Activities (SIAs) in the Asia-Pacific Region: A Systematic Review.

Background: Polio supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) are one of the polio eradication pillars in the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) that increased the immunization coverage and made progress towards polio eradication. However, socioecological challenges faced during SIAs contribute to suboptimal campaign quality. The aim of this review is to identify the reported challenges during polio supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) and associated improvement strategies based on the socioecological model (SEM).

SERO-PREVALENCE OF EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS IN IRAQI INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE.

Objective: The aim: Determine the frequency of anti-viral capsid antigen IgM, IgG and IgA in inflammatory bowel disease.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: Case controlled study conducted during involved 60 Crohn's disease, 60 ulcerative colitis and 60 subjects as a control group with negative gastroin¬testinal symptoms. Diagnosis and disease classification were established according to Montreal disease classification of inflammatory bowel diseases.

E-Learning Satisfaction and Barriers in Unprepared and Resource-Limited Systems During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background The sudden and quick propagation of coronavirus-19 disease (COVID-19) has disrupted face-to-face lectures and practical sessions at Iraqi universities. E-learning has surfaced in most countries as an alternative way to continue educational programs. This study aimed to determine the degree of satisfaction and perceived barriers among college students with E-learning.

Probiotics for Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of neurodegenerative disorders affecting mostly the elderly. It is characterized by the presence of Aβ and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), resulting in cognitive and memory impairment. Research shows that alteration in gut microbial diversity and defects in gut brain axis are linked to AD.

AWARENESS REGARDING PAP SMEAR AMONG WOMEN IN BAGHDAD CITY, IRAQ.

Objective: The aim: The aim of this study was to determine the awareness level regarding pap smear in women living in Baghdad city, Iraq.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was done in 265 women living in Baghdad city using internet-based survey. Questionnaire was adopted from a previous study to measure the awareness level among women.

Prognostic Relevance of Concordant Expression CD69 and CD56 in Response to Bortezomib Combination Therapy in Multiple Myeloma Patients.

Objective: Multiple myeloma is an incurable hematological malignancy. Currently, the use of proteasome inhibitors could be superior to chemotherapy-based regimen in the treatment of this disease. However, resistance to bortezomib combination therapy still occurs in some patients.

The emergence and transmission of COVID-19 in European countries, 2019-2020: a comprehensive review of timelines, cases and containment.

When it emerged in late 2019, COVID-19 was carried via travelers to Germany, France and Italy, where freedom of movement accelerated its transmission throughout Europe. However, effective non-pharmaceutical interventions introduced by European governments led to containment of the rapid increase in cases within European nations. Electronic searches were performed to obtain the number of confirmed cases, incident rates and non-pharmaceutical government measures for each European country.

The association of FKBP5 polymorphism with asthma susceptibility in asthmatic patients.

Objectives: Inhaled corticosteroids are the most effective controllers of asthma, although asthmatics vary in their response. FKBP51 is a major component of the glucocorticoid receptor which regulates its responses to corticosteroids. Therefore, the present study aims to identify the role of FKBP5 gene polymorphism in asthma susceptibility and corticosteroid resistance.

Interleukin- 17agene Polymorphism, Serum Level and Its Tissue Expression in Iraqi Patients Gastric Lesions.

Background: T-helper 17 plays a novel role in inflammation in gastritis by producing IL-17A, IL-17A gene polymorphisms that might be responsible for disease susceptibility and development of different gastric lesions.

Objective: The aims of study was to determine the association of IL-17A (G197A) genotype and allele frequency with disease phenotype and risk with different gastric lesions.

Methods: Case controlled study involved 30 gastroduodenal ulcer, 30 chronic gastritis and 30 subjects as a control group with negative endoscopic findings.

The mental health and well-being benefits of exercise during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study of medical students and newly qualified doctors in the UK.

Background: University students have been uniquely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there is currently little data upon the measures that medical students and newly qualified doctors have taken to help their mental well-being and mood during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Aim: We aimed to identify the activities respondents found beneficial for their well-being and mental health and recorded a mood score from survey respondents.

Indoor Particulate Matters, Microbial Count Assessments, and Wheezing Symptoms among Toddlers in Urban Day Care Centers in the District of Seremban, Malaysia.

Introduction: Indoor air quality in day care centers (DCCs) is an emerging research topic nowadays. Indoor air pollutants such as particulate matter (PM) and microbes have been linked to respiratory health effects in children, particularly asthma-related symptoms such as night coughs and wheezing due to early exposure to indoor air contaminants.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the association between wheezing symptoms among toddlers attending DCCs and indoor particulate matter, PM10, PM2.

The Role of MicroRNA Signature as Diagnostic Biomarkers in Different Clinical Stages of Colorectal Cancer.

Objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers and a major cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The early diagnosis of colorectal tumors is one of the most important challenges in cancer management. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have provided new insight into CRC development and have been suggested as reliable and stable biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis.