Phycochemical and Biological Activities From Different Extracts of (Kützing) Piccone.

Seaweeds are non-vascular, photosynthetic that inhabit the coastal regions commonly within rocky intertidal or submerged reef-like habitats and have been one of the richest and most promising sources of bioactive primary and secondary metabolites with antimicrobial properties. They selectively absorb elements like Na, K, Ca, Mg, I, and Br from the seawater and accumulate them in their thalli. (Kützing) Piccone is a member of Phaeophycota and has remarkable phycochemistry as well as bioactivity.

Regulation of Cell-Signaling Pathways by Berbamine in Different Cancers.

Natural product research is a cornerstone of the architectural framework of clinical medicine. Berbamine is a natural, potent, pharmacologically active biomolecule isolated from . Berbamine has been shown to modulate different oncogenic cell-signaling pathways in different cancers.

Regulation of cell signaling pathways by Wogonin in different cancers: Mechanistic review.

Natural products have historically been invaluable as a premium source of therapeutic agents. Recent advancements in genomics and structural biology have portrayed a high-resolution landscape of the diversity of proteins targeted by pharmacologically active products from natural sources. Natural product research has generated valuable wealth of information and cutting-edge research-works have leveraged our conceptual knowledge altogether to a new level.

Regulation of cell signaling pathways by Schisandrin in different cancers: Opting for "Swiss Army Knife" instead of "Blunderbuss".

There has been an exponential growth in the field of molecular oncology and cutting-edge research has enabled us to develop a better understanding of therapeutically challenging nature of cancer. Based on the mechanistic insights garnered from decades of research, puzzling mysteries of multifaceted nature of cancer have been solved to a greater extent. Our rapidly evolving knowledge about deregulated oncogenic cell signaling pathways has allowed us to dissect different oncogenic transduction cascades which play critical role in cancer onset, progression and metastasis.

Antimetastatic effects of Citrus-derived bioactive ingredients: Mechanistic insights.

The growing complexity of metastasis has sparked tremendous interest in unraveling of the underlying mechanisms which play fundamental role in cancer progression and metastasis. Ground-breaking discoveries in metastasis research have greatly enhanced our understanding about intricate nature of metastasis. Bioactive chemicals obtained from citrus fruits have gained noteworthy appreciation because of significant cancer chemopreventive roles.

Morpho-anatomical characterization of some members of euglenophycota (algae) of north-east Punjab, Pakistan based on light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

The study was carried out in four districts, that is, Gujranwala, Gujarat, Narowal and Sialkot of Punjab, Pakistan. The sampling was carried out randomly in different seasons from the water bodies especially from wastewater. Twenty-one species belonging to Euglenophycota were identified using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy from which 04 species belong to genus Phacus, 02 species belonging to Trachelomonas and Euglena based on light microscopy.

Comparison of Urethrocutaneous Fistula Rate After Single Dartos and Double Dartos Tubularized Incised Plate Urethroplasty in Pediatric Hypospadias.

Background and objective Tubularized incised plate (TIP) urethroplasty is an easy and popular technique for repairing hypospadias, however urethrocutaneous fistula (UCF) is a frequently reported complication. Different techniques are used to reduce this complication. We aimed to compare the rate of UCF after single dartos and double dartos TIP urethroplasty in children with distal and mid penile hypospadias.

Association of Early-onset Androgenetic Alopecia and Metabolic Syndrome.

Objective:  To evaluate the association of early-onset AGA (androgenetic alopecia) and metabolic syndrome in the younger male population.

Study Design: Case-control study.

Place And Duration Of Study:  Department of Dermatology, Mayo Hospital Lahore, from October 2017 to March 2018.

Comparison of Ferguson and Gross herniotomy with Mitchell Banks' herniotomy in boys older than two years.

Background & Objective: In children younger than two years, most surgeons perform the inguinal herniotomy superficially through the external ring, a technique known as Mitchell-Banks' Herniotomy (MBH) while in older children, commonly Ferguson and Gross Herniotomy (FGH) is performed which involves opening of inguinal canal. Our aim was to compare the FGH and MBH in terms of recurrence in boys with inguinal hernia.

Methods: Boys with inguinal hernia presenting to Pediatric Surgery, Mayo Hospital Lahore from Dec 2016 to January 2018 were included in the study, if older than two years and younger than 14 years and without palpable deep ring (2 cm or more in width) or strangulation of inguinal hernia or malnutrition.

Plant Defence Mechanisms Are Modulated by the Circadian System.

Plant health is an important aspect of food security, with pathogens, pests, and herbivores all contributing to yield losses in crops. Plants' defence against pathogens is complex and utilises several metabolic processes, including the circadian system, to coordinate their response. In this review, we examine how plants' circadian rhythms contribute to defence mechanisms, particularly in response to bacterial pathogen attack.

Luteolin mediated targeting of protein network and microRNAs in different cancers: Focus on JAK-STAT, NOTCH, mTOR and TRAIL-mediated signaling pathways.

There has always been a keen interest of basic and clinical researchers to search for cancer therapeutics having minimum off-target effects and maximum anticancer activities. In accordance with this approach, there has been an explosion in the field of natural products research in the past few decades because of extra-ordinary list of natural extracts and their biologically and pharmacologically active constituents having significant medicinal properties. Apparently, luteolin-mediated anticancer effects have been investigated in different cancers but there is superfluousness of superficial data.

Vitamin C as an Anticancer Agent: Regulation of Signaling Pathways.

Treatment options for effective treatment of cancer with minimum off-target effects and maximum clinical outcomes have remained overarching goals in the clinical oncology. Vitamin C has remained in the shadows of controversy since the past few decades; burgeoning evidence has started to shed light on wide-ranging anticancer effects exerted by Vitamin C to induce apoptosis in drug-resistant cancer cells, inhibit uncontrolled proliferation of the cancer cells and metastatic spread. Landmark achievements in molecular oncology have ushered in a new era, and researchers have focused on the identification of oncogenic pathways regulated by Vitamin C in different cancers.

Stromal vascular fraction-enriched platelet-rich plasma therapy reverses the effects of androgenetic alopecia.

Background: Since antiquity, humans have been trying to devise remedies to cure androgenetic alopecia (AGA). These efforts include use of oral and topical concoctions and hair transplant strategies. As AGA affects people of all colors and creed, there has been a continuous effort to find a magic bullet against AGA.

NEDD4 Family of E3 Ubiquitin Ligases in Breast Cancer: Spotlight on SMURFs, WWPs and NEDD4.

Massively parallel sequencing, genomic and proteomic technologies have provided near complete resolution of signaling landscape of breast cancer (BCa). NEDD4 family of E3-ubiquitin ligases comprises a large family of proteins particularly, SMURFs (SMURF1, SMURF2), WWPs and NEDD4 which are ideal candidates for targeted therapy. However, it is becoming progressively more understandable that SMURFs and NEDD4 have "split-personalities".

Role of mTORC1 and mTORC2 in Breast Cancer: Therapeutic Targeting of mTOR and Its Partners to Overcome Metastasis and Drug Resistance.

Based on the insights gleaned from decades of research, it seems clear that mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an essential signaling node that integrates environmental clues for regulation of cell survival, metabolism and proliferation of the cells. However, overwhelmingly increasing scientific evidence has added a new layer of intricacy to already complicated and versatile signaling pathway of mTOR. Deregulation of spatio-temporally controlled mTOR-driven pathway played contributory role in breast cancer development and progression.

Cutaneous manifestations in chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase treated with imatinib.

Objective: The aim of this study was to see the patterns of skin changes in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in chronic phase treated with different doses of imatinib.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Oncology Department of Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, over a period of 6 months. Patients aged 7-70 years diagnosed either by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for BCR-ABL or cytogenetics for Philadelphia (Ph) chromosomes and consuming different doses of imatinib for the treatment of CML were randomly selected.

Efficacy of platelet-rich plasma in androgenetic alopecia patients.

Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA), a patterned hair loss in both males and females, is a commonly occurring disease worldwide. Conventionally, no curative or satisfactory treatment is available for this condition. Therefore, in the current study, we aim to use platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as an alternative treatment option for the AGA patients.

Emerging themes of regulation of oncogenic proteins by Solanum nigrum and its bioactive molecules in different cancers.

Research over the decades has sequentially and systematically provided a near-complete resolution of multifaceted and therapeutically challenging nature of cancer. Drug discovery from plants has enjoyed a renaissance in the past few years. Natural products have provided many of the lead structures, which are currently being used as templates for the design and synthesis of novel compounds with biologically enhanced properties.

Factors Affecting Dermatological Manifestations in Patients with End Stage Renal Disease.

Objective: To determine skin changes in patients of End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) and factors affecting these changes.

Study Design: Cross-sectional observational study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Nephrology Department, Mayo Hospital, Lahore in collaboration with Dermatology Department, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, from October 2015 to January 2016.

Regulation of signal transduction cascades by Pterostilbenes in different cancers: Is it a death knell for oncogenic pathways.

Interdisciplinary research has revolutionized the field of medicine and we have witnessed exponential increase in the high-impact research in past few decades. However, the road to this burgeoning research field is obstacle-ridden because of intratumor heterogeneity, loss of apoptosis and dysregulation of spatio-temporally controlled signaling pathways. Ground-breaking findings obtained through genetic, genomic and proteomic studies have considerably improved our concepts related to the complexity of protein network and excitingly, discovery of miRNAs has added another layer of intricacy to quantitatively regulated gene networks.

Methanolic extracts of Solieria robusta inhibits proliferation of oral cancer Ca9-22 cells via apoptosis and oxidative stress.

Many red algae-derived natural products are known to have anticancer effects. The biological functions of the red alga Solieria robusta from the Karachi coast (Pakistan) remain unclear. Here, we prepared a methanolic extracts of S.

Anthocyanins: targeting of signaling networks in cancer cells.

It is becoming progressively more understandable that phytochemicals derived from edible plants have shown potential in modelling their interactions with their target proteins. Rapidly accumulating in-vitro and in- vivo evidence indicates that anthocyanins have anticancer activity in rodent models of cancer. More intriguingly, evaluation of bilberry anthocyanins as chemopreventive agents in twenty-five colorectal cancer patients has opened new window of opportunity in translating the findings from laboratory to clinic.

Making personalized prostate cancer medicine a reality: challenges and opportunities in the re-establishment of gold standards.

Prostate cancer is a serious multidimensional disorder that arises because of misrepresentation of signaling cascades and acquired resistance against apoptosis. It is progressively becoming more insurmountable because of rheostat like switching of oncogenic signaling in androgen dependent and androgen depleted microenvironment. Additionally, oncogenic fusion proteins have been explored in prostate cancer tissues thus adding another layer of complexity to the targeting of protein network in cancer cell and generate hurdles in the standardization of therapy.

Algae extracts and methyl jasmonate anti-cancer activities in prostate cancer: choreographers of 'the dance macabre'.

There is an overwhelmingly increasing trend of analysis of naturally occurring ingredients in treatment of prostate cancer. Substantial fraction of information has been added that highlights activity at various levels and steps of deregulated cellular proliferation, metastasis and apoptosis. Among such ingredients, algae extracts and jasmonates are documented to have anti-cancer activity in vitro and in vivo and induce growth inhibition in cancer cells, while leaving the non-transformed cells intact.