Publications by authors named "Ghazal Roostaei"
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by dysfunction of motile cilia in various organ systems, including the respiratory and reproductive tracts. A key manifestation in males is infertility, primarily attributed to impaired sperm motility. Although sperm vitality may be preserved, immotility or abnormal flagellar function significantly impairs natural conception.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmerging therapies for opioid-induced constipation: what can we expect?
Expert Opin Pharmacother
September 2024
Introduction: The rise in opioid use for managing chronic and oncologic pain has led to a significant increase in opioid-induced constipation (OIC) that impacts patient quality of life and pain management.
Areas Covered: In this study, emerging therapies for OIC were criticized for refining advancements and novel treatment options. Key topics included the efficacy of peripherally acting mu-opioid receptor antagonists (PAMORAs) such as methylnaltrexone, naloxegol, and naldemedine, which specifically target opioid-induced gut dysfunction.
Background: The goal of this study was to evaluate magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) findings and assess the role of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in patients suffering from active Crohn's disease.
Methods: This retrospective study included a total number of 76 patients diagnosed with active Crohn's disease, as established by the Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI). The study consisted of 30 women and 46 men, ranging in age from 13 to 72 years.
The visualization of black pigment during EBUS-TBNA suggests a relapse of melanoma. This case highlights the value of EBUS-TBNA in diagnosing metastatic melanoma, particularly when the macroscopic appearance of the aspirate suggests the diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsertion of a nasogastric tube (NGT) is generally considered safe; however, it is not without risk, and in cases of misplacement, complications and even death may occur. In this article, we reported a case of NGT misplacement in a 75-year-old male, which resulted in aspiration pneumonia. We also reviewed published cases of NGT misplacement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPulmonary hydatid disease remains a global public health issue. Symptoms often result from cyst rupture, causing fever, cough, and hemoptysis. Radiographs may show homogeneous masses, air-fluid levels, or the pathognomonic "water lily" sign.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Common complications after pectus excavatum (PE) surgery, such as ventricular tachycardia and cardiac arrest, underscore the importance of careful post-operative monitoring and patient education regarding potential risks.
- The study aims to enhance awareness among medical professionals about the serious, though rare, complications linked to PE surgery, which often stems from cosmetic concerns but may also address exercise intolerance and shortness of breath.
- A systematic review revealed various complications, including some fatal cases, emphasizing that surgeons should be particularly cautious, especially in surgeries motivated by cosmetic reasons.
Article Synopsis
- - Kartagener syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that can cause ongoing respiratory issues and specific changes in imaging, like bronchiectasis and situs inversus.
- - Adults with this condition often experience persistent respiratory symptoms that should raise clinical suspicion among healthcare providers.
- - Early diagnosis and proper treatment are essential to help protect lung function and improve quality of life for those affected.