CARDIAC DEFIBRILLATOR IMPLANTATION via PERSISTENT LEFT SUPERIOR VENA CAVA.

Persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) is an uncommon anomaly. We describe a case of a left-sided implantation of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) through a PLSVC, assessing the technical approach to such a procedure, along with a review of the clinical implications that might ensue. Learning objectives: LSVC is a rare anatomical venous variation.

Endovascular treatment of major abdominal arteriovenous fistulas: a systematic review.

Purpose: To review the different outcomes of the endovascular repair of major abdominal arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs).

Methods: An online systematic review of the literature was undertaken to identify all reported cases of endovascular repair of major AVFs, covering 9 major databases as well as relevant journals up to September 2013. Our own case was included.

Unusual Vasospastic Angina: A Documented Asymptomatic Spasm with Normal ECG-A Case Report and a Review of the Literature.

We report the case of a 53-years-old patient, known to have coronary artery disease, presenting with typical angina at rest with normal ECG and laboratory findings. His angina is relieved by sublingual nitroglycerin. He had undergone a cardiac catheterisation two weeks prior to his presentation for the same complaints.