Venovenous malformation: a common finding after Kawashima operation.

Objectives: It has been reported that systemic venovenous malformation (VVM) can develop in patients with interrupted inferior vena cava (IVC) and univentricular type of congenital heart disease who undergo superior vena cava to pulmonary artery connection (Kawashima operation). These malformations can lead to profound systemic desaturation postoperatively. However, there have been few reports that characterise the prevalence, anatomic details and clinical correlations of these systemic VVM arising after Kawashima operation.

Propranolol: a new indication for an old drug in preventing postoperative junctional ectopic tachycardia after surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot.

Junctional ectopic tachycardia (JET) is a major cause of postoperative morbidity after complete repair of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Propranolol is a known medication used in patients with TOF to prevent and control hypercyanotic spells. Despite this, there is little information regarding the relation between preoperative use of propranolol and the incidence of postoperative JET.

Concealed neo-aortic incompetence and new right ventricular outflow tract obstruction after arterial switch operation in a late presenter.

We report a 9 year old boy who presented late with cyanosis as a case of dextro-transposition of great arteries, intact ventricular septum and left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (D-TGA/IVS/LVOTO). Arterial switch operation (ASO) with resection of sub-neo aortic membrane and repair of mitral valve were done for the naturally trained LV. On the second postoperative day, the newly discovered right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (RVOTO) was relieved and mitral valve replacement (MVR) was done for significant mixed stenotic/regurgitant mitral valve disease, and intraoperative extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support was instituted for pulmonary dysfunction for 4 days.

Is preoperative delineation of coronary artery pattern a prerequisite for arterial switch operation?

Objective: To determine the effect of preoperative echocardiographic delineation of coronary artery pattern on the immediate postoperative result of arterial switch procedures.

Methods: A retrospective review of a consecutive series of children who underwent the arterial switch operation at a single institution from February 2001 to December 2004.

Results: Sixty-six children underwent an arterial switch operation.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support post-arterial switch procedure for a child with cystic fibrosis: case report.

This is a case report of an unusual presentation of transposition of the great arteries with a unique coronary artery pattern associated with cystic fibrosis in an infant whose management required the use of the extracorporeal life support after his arterial switch operation to ameliorate his postoperative pulmonary dysfunction.

Effect of modified ultrafiltration on pulmonary function after cardiopulmonary bypass.

Background: Pulmonary dysfunction is one of the most common manifestations of inflammatory response after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).

Objective: This prospective randomized study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a modified ultrafiltration (MUF) technique on pulmonary function after CPB in children.

Methods: Forty patients weighing from 5 to 10 kg with congenital heart disease who required CPB for primary biventricular operative repair were prospectively randomized into two groups.

Resternotomy for a retrosternal cardiac pseudoaneurysm in a 1.5-year- old child: a case report.

Cardiac pseudoaneurysm is a contained rupture of the myocardium that can occur after cardiac surgery, chest trauma, and endocarditis. The wall of the pseudoaneurysm consists of fibrous tissue and lacks the structural elements found in a normal cardiac wall, and it is contained by the pericardial adhesions or the epicardial wall. Early surgery is recommended even for asymptomatic patients due to the propensity for rupture and fatal outcome.