Cu@DPP-SPION: A Novel and Versatile Catalyst for the Synthesis of Thioxo-Tetrahydropyrimidine Derivatives under Mild Reaction Conditions.

Introduction: The development of efficient and sustainable catalytic methodolo-gies has garnered considerable attention in contemporary organic synthesis.

Methods: Herein, we present a novel approach employing the Cu@DPP-SPION catalyst for the synthesis of ethyl 4-(aryl)-6-methyl-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate derivatives. This versatile catalytic system incorporates copper nanoparticles supported on 4-(1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthrolin-2-yl)benzoic acid-functionalized superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs).

Enhancement of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Specific CD8 T Cell Responses with TIGIT Blockade Involves Trogocytosis.

Natural killer (NK) and CD8 T cell function is compromised in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection by increased expression of inhibitory receptors such as TIGIT (T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains). Blocking inhibitory receptors or their ligands with monoclonal antibodies (mAb) has potential to improve antiviral immunity in general and facilitate HIV eradication strategies. We assessed the impact of TIGIT engagement and blockade on cytotoxicity, degranulation, and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) production by CD8 T cells from persons living with HIV (PLWH).

The Role of Plzf in Spermatogonial Stem Cell Maintenance and Differentiation: Mapping the Transcriptional Dynamics and Key Interactions.

Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) sustain and modulate spermatogenesis through intricate signaling pathways and transcription factors. Promyelocytic leukemia zinc-finger (, also known as ) has been identified as a critical transcription factor influencing various signaling and differentiation pathways. plays a pivotal role in regulating the differentiation properties of SSCs and is essential for the proper maintenance of spermatogenesis.

Effect of online problem-solving counseling on the sexual anxiety and intimacy of women with recurrent pregnancy loss: A clinical trial.

Background: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) creates complex reproductive conditions among women. Problem-solving therapy is one of the sexual health approaches.

Objective: This study was designed to investigate the effect of online problem-solving counseling on the sexual anxiety and intimacy of women with RPL.

The role of mir-214-5p and mir-548-5p expressions in endometriosis.

Background: Endometriosis is a benign gynecological disease that affects about 1% of all women and up to 15% of women of childbearing age. To date, none of the proposed theories exhaustively explain the pathophysiology of the disease or the associated clinical manifestations. As part of efforts to introduce new methods for the early and non-invasive diagnosis of endometriosis, this project investigated changes in the expression of miR-214-5p and miR-548-5p in ectopic and eutopic tissue compared to normal endometrial tissue.

Deep Learning-Based Image Classification and Segmentation on Digital Histopathology for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI)-based tools have shown promise in histopathology image analysis in improving the accuracy of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) detection with intent to reduce human error.

Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated deep learning (DL) models for OSCC detection on histopathology images by assessing common diagnostic performance evaluation metrics for AI-based medical image analysis studies.

Methods: Diagnostic accuracy studies that used DL models for the analysis of histopathological images of OSCC compared to the reference standard were analyzed.

The sealing ability of different endodontic biomaterials as an intra-orifice barrier: evaluation with high-performance liquid chromatography.

Objective: This study evaluated the sealing ability of different biomaterials as intra-orifice barriers in the internal bleaching of discolored teeth with the walking bleaching technique. The release of hydroxyl ions from the bleaching materials can cause cervical root resorption, making it necessary to use intra-orifice barrier materials to prevent this issue.

Materials And Methods: In the current study, the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was used to measure the released hydroxyl ions.

Investigating the relationship between shift work schedule and blood and metabolic parameters: a 10-years retrospective cohort study.

Shift work has become increasingly common in modern society. Shift work has been associated with a range of negative health outcomes. Therefore, this 10-years retrospective cohort study, aimed to investigate the relationship between shift work and blood and metabolic parameters.

Deep learning for determining the difficulty of endodontic treatment: a pilot study.

Background: To develop and validate a deep learning model for automated assessment of endodontic case difficulty from periapical radiographs.

Methods: A dataset of 1,386 periapical radiographs was compiled from two clinical sites. Two dentists and two endodontists annotated the radiographs for difficulty using the "simple assessment" criteria from the American Association of Endodontists' case difficulty assessment form in the Endocase application.

Unraveling the Significance of Nanog in the Generation of Embryonic Stem-like Cells from Spermatogonia Stem Cells: A Combined In Silico Analysis and In Vitro Experimental Approach.

Embryonic stem-like cells (ES-like cells) are promising for medical research and clinical applications. Traditional methods involve "Yamanaka" transcription (OSKM) to derive these cells from somatic cells in vitro. Recently, a novel approach has emerged, obtaining ES-like cells from spermatogonia stem cells (SSCs) in a time-related process without adding artificial additives to cell cultures, like transcription factors or small molecules such as pten or p53 inhibitors.

Relationship between hypocalcemia immediately after calving with metabolic disorders and body condition score in Holstein cows.

Background: Hypocalcemia is one of the most common transition period disorders that affects dairy cows and has been divided into clinical and subclinical types.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between postpartum serum calcium (Ca) concentrations with metabolic disorders and body condition score (BCS) in Holstein dairy cows.

Methods: Two hundred and seventy-one Holstein cows were blocked from two commercial dairy herds based on parity (primiparous and multiparous) and serum Ca concentrations on calving day, 1 and 2 days postpartum were allocated to 1 of 3 groups: 1) Serum Ca concentration >8.

Exploring Myc puzzle: Insights into cancer, stem cell biology, and PPI networks.

"The grand orchestrator," "Universal Amplifier," "double-edged sword," and "Undruggable" are just some of the Myc oncogene so-called names. It has been around 40 years since the discovery of the Myc, and it remains in the mainstream of cancer treatment drugs. Myc is part of basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper (bHLH-LZ) superfamily proteins, and its dysregulation can be seen in many malignant human tumors.

The preventive effect of essential oil on demyelination of corpus callosum in a cuprizone rat model of multiple sclerosis.

Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most prevalent neurological disability among young adults. Anti-inflammatory drugs have shown to be effective in MS. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties of (ginger) have been shown and proven in many phytotherapy studies.

Thiazolopyrimidine derivatives as novel class of small molecule tyrosinase inhibitor.

Tyrosinase, the rate-limiting enzyme of melanogenesis, plays a crucial role in hyperpigmentation. As a result, in this study, a novel class of thiazolopyrimidine derivatives was developed and synthesized as tyrosinase inhibitor. The structure of derivatives was characterized using various spectroscopy techniques, including FTIR, Mass, H-NMR, and C-NMR.

Inflammatory Responses of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Differ from Healthy Women.

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a low-grade inflammatory state with increased serum levels of TNF-α. The present study has compared the inflammatory responses to breast cancer cell lines in women with PCOS with healthy women. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from 50 women with PCOS and 50 healthy controls were cultured in the trans-well co-culture system.

Valproic acid effects on human adipose-derived stem cell differentiation into oligodendrocytes and improved remyelination in a mouse model of Multiple Sclerosis.

Valproic acid (VPA), a neuroprotective agent and inhibitor of GSK3-β, along with human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (hADSCs) have been proposed to be potential therapeutic agents for neurodegenerative disorders. In the present study, we have assessed the effects of VPA alone or in combination with hADSCs on oligodendrocyte differentiation, remyelination, and functional recovery in a mouse model of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). These MS-model mice were randomly divided into cuprizone, sham, VPA, hADSC, and VPA/hADSC groups, with 10 mice considered a control group (healthy mice).

The association of body composition and fat distribution with dysmobility syndrome in community-dwelling older adults: Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) program.

Background And Objective: Dysmobility Syndrome (DS) is characterized as an accumulation of clinical risk factors for functional disability, such as osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and obesity. Neurological disorders that affect the motor and sensory systems can also contribute to the condition, resulting in gait and muscle strength disturbances, as well as a history of falls and fractures. The study aimed to determine the association between fat distribution in different body areas and the odds of older adults developing DS, as there is still uncertainty about the accumulation of fat in which area is most closely linked to the condition.

Lansoprazole as a potent HDAC2 inhibitor for treatment of colorectal cancer: An in-silico analysis and experimental validation.

Background: Histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2), belonging to the class I HDAC family, holds significant therapeutic potential as a crucial target for diverse cancer types. As key players in the realm of epigenetic regulatory enzymes, histone deacetylases (HDACs) are intricately involved in the onset and progression of cancer. Consequently, pursuing isoform-specific inhibitors targeting histone deacetylases (HDACs) has garnered substantial interest in both biological and medical circles.

The sequence variation of mitochondrial tRNA tyrosine and cysteine among Iranian women with idiopathic recurrent miscarriage: A case-control study.

Background: Recurrent miscarriage is one of the most prevalent reproductive diseases. This phenomenon has several reasons, including maternal, hormonal, immunological, and parental genetic factors. Idiopathic recurrent miscarriage (IRM), with no distinctive etiology, involves about half of the recurrent miscarriage cases.

LncRNA MALAT1 signaling pathway and clinical applications in overcome on cancers metastasis.

In spite of its high mortality rate and difficulty in finding a cure, scientific advancements have contributed to a reduction in cancer-related fatalities. Aberrant gene expression during carcinogenesis emphasizes the importance of targeting the signaling networks that control gene expression in cancer treatment. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are transcribed RNA molecules that play a role in gene expression regulation, are a recent innovative therapeutic approach for diagnosing and treating malignancies.

Effect of Silver Nanoparticles of Herbal Origin on the Compressive and Push-out Bond Strengths of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of incorporating silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) of herbal origin into mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) on the push-out bond strength (PBS) and compressive strength (CS) in simulated furcal area perforations.

Materials And Methods: In this study, simulated furcal area perforations (1.3 mm in diameter and 2 mm in depth) were created in 40 extracted human lower molar teeth, which were divided into two groups (=20): MTA alone and MTA combined with AgNPs (2% wt).

Antimicrobial Effect of Nano-Calcium Hydroxide on the Four- and Six-Week-Old Intra-Canal Biofilm.

Statement Of The Problem: () is one of the most important microorganisms in the evaluation of the antibacterial effects of intra-canal medications due to its ability to penetrate dentinal tubules and form biofilms. Calcium hydroxide, as the most common intra-canal medication, has little effect on this bacterial species. In contrast, it is hypothesized that nano scale hydroxide particles are more effective due to their smaller size and higher surface-to-volume ratio.

Evaluation of Decayed, Missing due to Caries, and Filled Teeth Index in Children with Phenylketonuria in Comparison to Normal Population.

Objective: Management of patients with phenylketonuria mainly includes limiting the content of phenylalanine in the diet. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate oral problems in children with phenylketonuria compared to the healthy population as a case-control study.

Materials And Methods: The subjects of the case and control groups were selected according to the inclusion criteria.