Evaluation of Palm Print Sign and Prayer Sign in Prediction of Difficult Laryngoscopy in Diabetic Patients.

Background: Laryngoscopy or endotracheal intubation in diabetic patients due to impaired mobility of the Atlanto-occipital joint owing to non-enzymatic glycosylation in connective tissue has always been a problem. A difficult laryngoscopy can disrupt the intubation process; therefore, it is valuable to predict difficult laryngoscopy using some anatomical criteria before general anesthesia.

Objectives: The present study discussed the diagnostic value of two tests, palm print sign and prayer sign, in the prediction of laryngoscopy difficulty.

Evaluation of the effect of crocin on prevention of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting or heart valve replacement: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of crocin on the prevention of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and heart valve replacement.

Materials And Methods: 100 patients who were scheduled for CABG or heart valve replacement surgeries were randomly assigned into two groups of treatment and placebo. In the treatment group, patients received crocin tablets from three days prior to surgery and on the first three postoperative days (for a total of six days).

Launching Awake Craniotomy Technique in a Resource-Limited Center: New Insights into the Patient Experience, Costs, and Long-Term Outcomes and a Narrative Review of the Literature.

Background: Awake craniotomy (AC) with brain mapping is a standard surgical technique for the excision of lesions located in eloquent areas. We aimed to assess the clinical challenges, patient experience, costs, and long-term outcomes of AC in a resource-limited setting.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, electronic documents of 12 patients who underwent AC with functional brain mapping were prospectively collected from August 2017 to October 2020.

Effect of the Aortic Root Infusion of Sufentanil on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Ischemic postconditioning is a novel strategy for attaining cardioprotection. Remarkable evidence from various in vitro and in vivo animal and human studies have shown significant opioid-induced cardioprotection against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. The purpose of this study was to assess the cardioprotective effect of sufentanil against I/R injury after on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Hypericum perforatum in the treatment of psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders: Current evidence and potential mechanisms of action.

Background: Psychiatric disorders are substantially associated with reduced quality of life and increased mortality. Depression and anxiety are two of the most common psychiatric disorders that often co-occur with each other as well as with other mental health conditions. Because of the limitations of currently available antidepressant therapies, there is a need for agents with improved efficacy and less adverse effects.

Risk Factors and Outcome of Acute Kidney Injury after Congenital Heart Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study.

Backgrounds And Aims: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent event after congenital heart surgery with increased mortality and morbidity. We investigated frequency, risk factors, and associated morbidity and mortality of AKI after pediatric cardiac surgery at a single institution.

Methods: Children undergoing congenital heart surgery from March 2013 to February 2016 were assessed for development of AKI based on modified pediatric Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, and End-stage renal disease criteria.

Effects of dexmedetomidine on heart arrhythmia prevention in off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: Arrhythmia occurring during and after surgery is one of the major complications in open-heart surgery. Dexmedetomidine is an intravenous alpha-2 agonist and very specific short-acting drug to protect the various organs against ischemic injuries and blood reflow. However, the effect of dexmedetomidine for preventing intraoperative heart arrhythmias has not been recognized.

Right Atrium Myxoma After Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Introduction: Heart secondary tumors are much more common than primary tumors. These two types of tumors differ not only by their source but also by their symptoms and location in heart chambers.

Case Presentation: This report presents a 66-year-old heavy smoker female with a history of pulmonary lobectomy due to lung adenocarcinoma, hysterectomy due to myoma, and lumpectomy due to benign breast mass, who had symptoms of right heart failure for months.

Effect of Intravenous Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) on Hemodynamic Parameters Following Endotracheal Tube Intubation and Postoperative Pain in Caesarian Section Surgeries.

Background: Use of analgesics, especially opioids, before delivery during cesarean section for preventing hemodynamic changes after endotracheal intubation and postoperative analgesia is limited due to their adverse effects on the neonate.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of intravenous acetaminophen (paracetamol) in blunting hemodynamic responses to endotracheal intubation and postoperative pain in parturient undergoing cesarean section by general anesthesia.

Patients And Methods: Eighty parturients undergoing cesarean section by general anesthesia were randomly divided to receive either 15 mg/kg intravenous paracetamol (n = 40) or normal saline (n = 40) fifteen minutes before endotracheal intubation.

Comparison of Intravenous Morphine with Sublingual Buprenorphine in Management of Postoperative Pain after Closed Reduction Orthopedic Surgery.

Background: Postoperative pain is a common side effect following surgery that can significantly reduce surgical quality and patient's satisfaction. Treatment options are morphine and buprenorphine. We aimed to compare the efficacy of a single dose of intravenous morphine with sublingual buprenorphine in postoperative pain control following closed reduction surgery.

Factors affecting on serum lactate after cardiac surgery.

Background: The relation between elevated blood lactate level and mortality and morbidity rates after coronary bypass surgery is a proven subject. One of the factors that seems to affect directly the blood lactate level is the storage duration of packed red blood cells.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of storage duration of transfused blood on serum lactate during cardiac surgery and up to 24 hours after that in the ICU.

Evaluating the incidence of cognitive disorder following off-pump coronary artery bypasses surgery and its predisposing factors.

Background: Cognitive disorder is a fluctuating cognitive destruction and a common problem for hospitalized patients, which leads to loss of consciousness. It is usually accompanied with increased mortality, prolonged hospital stay, and decreased rehabilitation.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine risk factors associated with cognitive disorder after open-heart surgery.

Comparing the effect of preoperative administration of methylprednisolone and its administration before and during surgery on the clinical outcome in pediatric open heart surgeries.

Background: Cardiac surgery under Cardiopulmonary bypass causes a systemic inflammatory response with a multifactorial etiology including direct tissue damage, ischemia and stimulation of immune system induced by cardiopulmonary bypass. This study was designed due to the high prevalence and complications of this stimulated immune system in mortality, morbidity, length of ICU stay, and mechanical ventilation.

Objectives: This study was aimed to compare preoperative and intraoperative methylprednisolone (MP) to intraoperative MP alone with respect to postbypass inflammation and clinical outcome.

Comparison of Effectiveness of Betamethasone gel Applied to the Tracheal Tube and IV Dexamethasone on Postoperative Sore Throat: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Postoperative sore throat is a common complaint in patients with endotracheal intubation and has potentially dangerous complications. This randomized controlled trial study investigated the incidence of postoperative sore throat after general anesthesia when betamethasone gel is applied to a tracheal tube compared with when IV dexamethasone is prescribed.

Materials And Methods: Two hundred and twenty five American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA)-class I and II patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery with tracheal intubation were randomly divided into three groups: betamethasone gel, intravenous (IV) dexamethasone, and control groups.

Comparison between preoperative administration of methylprednisolone with its administration before and during congenital heart surgery on serum levels of IL-6 and IL-10.

Background: Steroid administration during cardiopulmonary bypass is considered to improve cardiopulmonary function by modulating inflammations caused by bypass.

Objectives: This study was performed to compare effectiveness of preoperative and intraoperative methylprednisolone (MP) to preoperative methylprednisolone alone in post bypass inflammatory (IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) factors.

Patients And Methods: Fifty pediatric patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass surgery from August 2011 to 2012 in the cardiac surgery department of Imam Reza Hospital, the major center for CPB, in Mashhad, Iran were randomly assigned to receive preoperative and intraoperative MP (30 mg/kg, 4 hours before bypass and in bypass prime, number 25) or preoperative MP only (30 mg/kg, number 25).

Video-assisted thoracoscopic patent ductus arteriosus closure in 2,000 patients.

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery has proved to be a safe and effective method with low complication and high success rates. From 1997 to 2008, 2,000 consecutive patients with patent ductus arteriosus underwent closure of the ductus with 2 titanium clips via a video-assisted thoracoscopic technique. Complete closure was confirmed using our handmade intraesophageal stethoscope.

Inadvertent intrathecal injection of atracurium.

This report relates how tracurium was given by mistake, intrathecally, during spinal anesthesia, to a 38-year-old woman, who was a candidate for abdominal hysterectomy. When no analgesia was observed, the mistake in giving the injection was understood. She was evaluated postoperatively by train of four ratio, measuring her breathing rate, eye opening, and protruding of tongue at one, two, twenty-four, and forty-eight hours, and then at one and two weeks, with the final evaluation the following month.

A large saphenous vein graft aneurysm one year after coronary artery bypass graft surgery presenting as a left lung mass.

Aneurysm of a saphenous vein graft (SVG) is a rare but fatal complication of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. The development of SVG aneurysms appears usually about 10-20 years after the operation at an estimated rate of <1%. A 68-year-old male was referred to the emergency department after frequent episodes of dyspnea, chest pain and hemoptysis.