Non-surgical Treatment of Severe Skeletal Class III Malocclusion in an Adolescent Patient: A Case Report.

Class III malocclusion is one of the most challenging malocclusions in orthodontics. Its nature and multifactorial etiology should be taken into consideration, especially in growing and adolescent patients. Many treatment modalities have been proposed.

Adjuvant Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma: An Updated Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Network Meta-analysis.

Context: Adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have recently emerged as guideline-recommended treatments of high-risk muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma (MIUC). However, there is limited evidence regarding the optimal candidates and the differential efficacy of adjuvant ICI regimens.

Objective: To synthesize and compare the efficacy and safety of adjuvant ICIs for high-risk MIUC using updated data from phase III randomized controlled trials.

Optimizing outcomes in paraesophageal hernia repair: a novel critical view.

Background: The recurrence rate of paraesophageal hernia repair (PEHR) is high with reported rates of recurrence varying between 25 and 42%. We present a novel approach to PEHR that involves the visualization of a critical view to decrease recurrence rate. Our study aims to investigate the outcomes of PEHR following the implementation of a critical view.

The contribution of household income to rectal cancer patient characteristics, treatment, and outcomes from 2010 to 2020.

Background: There is a paucity of recent literature investigating the sole effect of income level on the treatment and survival of patients with rectal cancer.

Methods: We analyzed all cases of rectal cancer in the Rectal Cancer PUF of the NCDB from 2010 to 2020. We utilized the Median Income Quartiles 2016-2020 to define our income levels.

Robotic transanal minimally invasive surgery (r-TAMIS): perioperative and short-term outcomes for local excision of rectal cancers.

Background: Transanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS) is an advanced technique for excision of early rectal cancers. Robotic TAMIS (r-TAMIS) has been introduced as technical improvement and potential alternative to total mesorectal excision (TME) in early rectal cancers and in frail patients. This study reports the perioperative and short-term oncological outcomes of r-TAMIS for local excision of early-stage rectal cancers.

Dr. Google to Dr. ChatGPT: assessing the content and quality of artificial intelligence-generated medical information on appendicitis.

Introduction: Generative artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots have recently been posited as potential sources of online medical information for patients making medical decisions. Existing online patient-oriented medical information has repeatedly been shown to be of variable quality and difficult readability. Therefore, we sought to evaluate the content and quality of AI-generated medical information on acute appendicitis.

Can Artificial Intelligence Improve the Readability of Patient Education Materials on Aortic Stenosis? A Pilot Study.

Introduction: The advent of generative artificial intelligence (AI) dialogue platforms and large language models (LLMs) may help facilitate ongoing efforts to improve health literacy. Additionally, recent studies have highlighted inadequate health literacy among patients with cardiac disease. The aim of the present study was to ascertain whether two freely available generative AI dialogue platforms could rewrite online aortic stenosis (AS) patient education materials (PEMs) to meet recommended reading skill levels for the public.

Gap in knowledge of health benefits and risks of combined oral contraceptives among Lebanese women.

Background: Oral Contraceptive Pills (OCPs) are among the most commonly used forms of contraception, but they are associated with several health benefits and risks. This study aims to determine the gap in knowledge of the underlying health benefits and risks of OCPs among Lebanese women and to identify the factors that might influence their beliefs.

Methods: A questionnaire was completed by 817 Lebanese women aged 18-64 years old and assessed sociodemographic details, medical information, contraceptive practices, knowledge of underlying health benefits and risks, and information needs related to OCPs.

Control and treatment of type 2 diabetes in private patients in the Egyptian "DIACONTROL study".

Objective: This study aims to identify the characteristics of Egyptian patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), determine disease control rates, and gain insights into clinical treatments.

Patients And Methods: A total of 2,516 patients with T2DM were recruited from 244 private clinics across Egypt in a one-month period from May to June 2017. Data collected from patients included glycemic control parameters of glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose, and postprandial glucose.

Surgical Management of Urinothorax After Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy.

Urinothorax is a rare form of pleural effusion that can occur after percutaneous instrumentation of the genitourinary tract. We report on the surgical management of a 75-year-old man with a past surgical history of 3-hole esophagectomy who was afflicted with a loculated urinothorax complicated by sepsis after a supracostal percutaneous nephrolithotomy. We demonstrate the efficacy of pleurodesis and decortication in the management of complicated urinothorax that is refractory to medical management.

A Systematic Review of Immersive Virtual Reality for Nontechnical Skills Training in Surgery.

Objective: Immersive virtual reality (IVR) can be utilized to provide low cost and easily accessible simulation on all aspects of surgical education. In addition to technical skills training in surgery, IVR simulation has been utilized for nontechnical skills training in domains such as clinical decision-making and pre-operative planning. This systematic review examines the current literature on the effectiveness of IVR for nontechnical skill acquisition in surgical education.

Ventricular Remodeling Following Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Decreases Need for Heart Transplantation: A Predictive Model.

Purpose: For patients with obesity and congestive heart failure (CHF) who require heart transplantation (HT), aggressive weight loss has been associated with ventricular remodeling, or subclinical alterations in left and right ventricular structure that affect systolic function. Many have suggested offering metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) for these patients. As such, we evaluated the role of MBS in HT for patients with obesity and CHF using predictive modelling techniques.

Not-so-simple nephrectomy: Comparative analysis of radical and simple nephrectomy in a high-volume tertiary referral center.

Objectives: Simple nephrectomies can be challenging with significant morbidity. To prove the hypothesis of "not-so-simple" nephrectomy, we compared demographics, perioperative outcomes, and complications between simple and radical nephrectomy in a tertiary referral center.

Methods: We analyzed 473 consecutive radical nephrectomies (January 2018-October 2020) and simple nephrectomies (January 2016-October 2020).

Prostate Cancer Progression Relies on the Mitotic Kinase Citron Kinase.

Unlabelled: Prostate cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer death in men in Western cultures. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms by which prostate cancer cells divide to support tumor growth could help devise strategies to overcome treatment resistance and improve survival. Here, we identified that the mitotic AGC family protein kinase citron kinase (CIT) is a pivotal regulator of prostate cancer growth that mediates prostate cancer cell interphase progression.

Effect of oral versus parenteral vitamin D3 supplementation on nuclear factor-κB and platelet aggregation in type 2 diabetic patients.

Platelet hyperactivity is one of the key factors implicated in the development and progression of diabetic vascular complications. Activated platelets mediate leukocyte recruitment that further enhances inflammatory responses in vascular wall ultimately resulting in atherosclerotic complications. Since vitamin D insufficiency is highly prevalent in diabetics, we aimed to evaluate the effect of three dosage forms of vitamin D supplementation on lipid profile, NF-κB, platelet aggregation, and platelet calcium content in type 2 diabetic patients.

Assessment of YouTube as an online educational tool in teaching laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: A LAP-VEGaS study.

Background: General surgery residents frequently access YouTube® for educational walkthroughs of surgical procedures. The aim of this study is to evaluate the educational quality of YouTube® video walkthroughs on Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) using a validated video assessment tool.

Methods: A retrospective review of YouTube® videos was conducted for "laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass", "laparoscopic RYGB", and "laparoscopic gastric bypass.

What are trainees watching? Assessing the educational quality of online laparoscopic cholecystectomy training videos using the LAP-VEGaS guidelines.

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the most common laparoscopic procedure performed in the US and a key component of general surgery training. Surgical trainees frequently access YouTube for educational walkthroughs of surgical procedures. This study aims to evaluate the educational quality of YouTube video walkthroughs on laparoscopic cholecystectomy by using the LAParoscopic surgery Video Educational GuidelineS (LAP-VEGaS) video assessment tool.

Synthesis of 2D Metal-Organic Nanosheets (MONs) by Liquid Phase Exfoliation: Applications in Effective Delivery of Antiulcer Drugs and Selective Adsorption and Removal of Cationic Dyes.

Nowadays, the fabrication of 2D metal-organic nanosheets (2D MONs) has entered the research arena fascinating researchers worldwide. However, a lack of efficient and facile methods has remained a bottleneck for the manufacturing of these 2D MONs. Herein, a 2D metal-organic framework (MOF), i.

Reducing last-minute cancellations of elective urological surgery-effectiveness of specialist nurse preoperative assessment.

Last-minute cancellations in urological surgery are a global issue, resulting in the wastage of resources and delays to patient care. In addition to non-cessation of anticoagulants and inadequately treated medical comorbidities, untreated urinary tract infections are a significant cause of last-minute cancellations. This study aimed to ascertain whether the introduction of a specialist nurse clinic resulted in a reduction of last-minute cancellations of elective urological surgery as part of our elective recovery plan following the Coronavirus disease 2019, the contagious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 or SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Online information for incisional hernia repair: What are patients reading?

Purpose: Patients increasingly access online materials for health-related information. Using validated assessment tools, we aim to assess the quality and readability of online information for patients considering incisional hernia (IH) repair.

Methods: The top three online search engines (Google, Bing, Yahoo) were searched in July 2022 for "Incisional hernia repair" and "Surgical hernia repair".