Management of the Most Common Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Infancy: The Middle East Expert Consensus.

The occurrence of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) is a formidable challenge for infants, parents, and healthcare professionals. Although data from the Middle East are scarce, experts consider FGIDs a prevalent condition in everyday clinical practice. The new Rome IV criteria revisited the definitions from a clinical perspective to provide a practical and consistent diagnostic protocol for FGIDs.

Ventriculostomy and endoscopic biopsy of pineal mass with hydrocephalus and unexpected definitive diagnosis.

A 72-year-old female with no relevant medical history consulted in the emergency room for a two-week history of headache, vomiting and gait disturbance. Head CT scan revealed obstructive hydrocephalus secondary to a pineal mass with compression of the third ventricle. Magnetic Resonance showed another mass located in the right Lushcka foramen.