Nanoscale characterization of space weathering in lunar samples.

Nanoscale Fourier transform infrared (Nano-FTIR) imaging and spectroscopy correlated with photoluminescence measurements of lunar Apollo samples with different surface radiation exposure histories reveal distinct physical and chemical differences associated with space weathering effects. Analysis of two sample fragments: an ilmenite basalt (12016) and an impact melt breccia (15445) show evidence of intrinsic or delivered Nd and an amorphous silica glass component on exterior surfaces, whereas intrinsic Cr and/or trapped electron states are limited to interior surfaces. Spatially localized 1050 cm/935 cm band ratios in Nano-FTIR hyperspectral maps may further reflect impact-induced shock nanostructures, while shifts in silicate band positions indicate accumulated radiation damage at the nanoscale from prolonged space weathering due to micrometeorites, solar wind, energetic x-rays and cosmic ray bombardment.

Infrared Nanoimaging of Hydrogenated Perovskite Nickelate Memristive Devices.

Solid-state devices made from correlated oxides, such as perovskite nickelates, are promising for neuromorphic computing by mimicking biological synaptic function. However, comprehending dopant action at the nanoscale poses a formidable challenge to understanding the elementary mechanisms involved. Here, we perform infrared nanoimaging of hydrogen-doped correlated perovskite, neodymium nickel oxide (H-NdNiO, H-NNO), devices and reveal how an applied field perturbs dopant distribution at the nanoscale.

Highly sensitive label-free biosensor: graphene/CaF multilayer for gas, cancer, virus, and diabetes detection with enhanced quality factor and figure of merit.

One of the primary goals for the researchers is to create a high-quality sensor with a simple structure because of the urgent requirement to identify biomolecules at low concentrations to diagnose diseases and detect hazardous chemicals for health early on. Recently graphene has attracted much interest in the field of improved biosensors. Meanwhile, graphene with new materials such as CaF has been widely used to improve the applications of graphene-based sensors.