The Prospective Effect of Green Tea versus Pomegranate Peels Extracts on Submandibular Salivary Glands of Albino Rats after Methotrexate Administration (Histological and Immunohistochemical Study).

Background: There is curiosity in the use of substances that can stop cell damage. Antioxidants are substances that can prevent free radicals from damaging cells, and they can be used to treat and avoid a wide variety of illnesses.

Objectives: The current investigation set out to evaluate the histological changes brought on by a single high dose of methotrexate in the submandibular glands of rats treated with green tea and pomegranate peel extract, both are well-known as antioxidants.

The mechanistic interplay between Nrf-2, NF-κB/MAPK, caspase-dependent apoptosis, and autophagy in the hepatoprotective effects of Sophorolipids produced by microbial conversion of banana peels using Saccharomyces cerevisiae against doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.

Background: Doxorubicin (DOX) is a well-known chemotherapeutic agent which causes serious adverse effects due to multiple organ damage, including cardiotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and hepatotoxicity. The mechanism of DOX-induced organ toxicity might be attributed to oxidative stress (OS) and, consequently, activation of inflammatory signaling pathways, apoptosis, and blockage of autophagy. Sophorolipids (SLs) as a glycolipid type of biosurfactants, are natural products that have unique properties and a wide range of applications attributed to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

The beneficial effects of l-carnitine and infliximab in methotrexate-induced hepatotoxicity: Emphasis on Notch1/Hes-1 signaling.

Methotrexate (MTX)-induced hepatotoxicity is a serious adverse effect that may limit its use. Therefore, eligible drugs to ameliorate MTX-induced hepatotoxicity are required. l-Carnitine (LC) is a natural molecule with beneficial metabolic effects and infliximab (INF) is an anti-inflammatory monoclonal antibody against tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α).

A national screening for the prevalence and profile of disability types among Egyptian children aged 6-12 years: a community-based population study.

Aim: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of disability domains among Egyptian children in the age group of 6-12 years as well as assess their socio-demographic, epidemiological, and perinatal predictors.

Methods: A national population-based cross-sectional household survey targeting 20,324 children from eight governorates was conducted. The screening questionnaire was derived from the WHO ten-question survey tool validated for the identification of disabilities.

National screening for Egyptian children aged 1 year up to 12 years at high risk of Autism and its determinants: a step for determining what ASD surveillance needs.

This study aimed to provide a national estimate of the prevalence of the high risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their determinants. A national screening survey was conducted for 41,640 Egyptian children aged 1 to 12 years in two phases. Tools used were Vineland's Adaptive Behavior Scales, Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Gilliam Autism Rating scale, and Denver II Developmental screening test.

Current and novel modalities for management of chronic hepatitis B infection.

Over 296 million people are estimated to have chronic hepatitis B viral infection (CHB), and it poses unique challenges for elimination. CHB is the result of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-specific immune tolerance and the presence of covalently closed circular DNA as mini chromosome inside the nucleus and the integrated HBV. Serum hepatitis B core-related antigen is the best surrogate marker for intrahepatic covalently closed circular DNA.

Impact of lifestyle modification on glycemic control and cognitive function among Type II diabetes mellitus patients.

Aim: Assessing impact of lifestyle modification on Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) glycemic control and cognitive function.

Subjects & Methods: Prospective study was conducted on T2DM patients (92 patients as interventional group and 92 patients conventional therapy).

Results: After 6 months, significant improvements of HbA1c, oxidant and antioxidant, lipid profile, and cognitive function among only the interventional group (p < 0.

Promoting weaning practices and growth of Egyptian infants by using communication for behavioral development approach.

Background: Access to various affordable and nutritious foods is considered a challenging factor for households with limited resources affecting the proper weaning practices. In order to motivate communities to adhere to the right and proper weaning practices, the social aspect should be considered through close communication with the targeted communities. This study aimed to evaluate how impactful the use of the principles of Communication for Development (C4D) that respect parents' beliefs and their cultural norms is in improving the weaning practices and growth of infants in an Egyptian village.

Impact of direct-acting antiviral regimens on hepatic and extrahepatic manifestations of hepatitis C virus infection.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a common cause of liver disease and is associated with various extrahepatic manifestations (EHMs). This mini-review outlines the currently available treatments for HCV infection and their prognostic effect on hepatic manifestations and EHMs. Direct-acting antiviral (DAA) regimens are considered pan-genotypic as they achieve a sustained virological response (SVR) > 85% after 12 wk through all the major HCV genotypes, with high percentages of SVR even in advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis.

A national prevalence and profile of single and multiple developmental delays among children aged from 1 year up to 12 years: an Egyptian community-based study.

Objective: This study aimed at providing a national prevalence of single and multiple developmental delays (DDs) among 41,640 Egyptian children aged 1 to 12 years and exploring DDs' associated risk and protective factors.

Methods: A national household survey from eight governorates of Egypt representing the four major subdivisions of Egypt was conducted through systematic probability proportionate to size. All enrolled children were assessed according to Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, (VABS) as a reliable screening questionnaire for identifying categories of DDs that were verified by pediatrics' specialists.

Morus macroura Miq. Fruit extract protects against acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats: Novel mechanistic insights on its impact on miRNA-223 and on the TNFα/NFκB/NLRP3 inflammatory axis.

Nod-like receptor pyrin domain-1 containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome/tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)/nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) inflammatory pathway is known to be involved in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). Inversely, miRNA-223 can exert counter-regulatory effect on NLRP3 expression. The mulberry tree (Morus macroura) fruit is attaining increased importance for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in addition to its high safety profile.

Egyptian patients'/guardians' experiences and perception about clinical informed consent and its purpose: Cross sectional study.

Background: Informed consent (IC) is a healthcare standard emphasizing the meaning of human dignity as clarified in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Data about IC practices in Egypt is insufficient. This study aimed to assess the Egyptian patients'/guardians' experiences about IC and their expectations about its practices' purposes in general and according to the type of the healthcare facility.

Ameliorative effect of betanin on experimental cisplatin-induced liver injury; the novel impact of miRNA-34a on the SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway.

The anticancer agent, cisplatin (CIS), is associated with hepatotoxic effects related to activation of oxidative stress and inflammation pathways. CIS-induced oxidative DNA damage reduces sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) activity, which in turn, modulates the activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α). Moreover, microRNA-34a (miRNA-34a) was shown to hinder both SIRT1 and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activity.

Assessment of Quality of Life of Primary Caregivers of Egyptian Asthmatic Children and Adolescents.

Background: Asthma as a serious public health problem worldwide exerts a serious load on children's health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and their families.

Objective: We assess the HRQOL of the primary caregivers of Egyptian asthmatic children and adolescents and its relation to HRQOL of their children and asthma severity.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 128 pairs of asthmatic children (7-16 years) and their primary caregivers.

Accelerating Hepatitis C virus elimination in Egypt by 2030: A national survey of communication for behavioral development as a modelling study.

Aim Of The Work: This study aimed at assessing the dominance of risk practices associated with HCV endemicity in Egypt and detecting the behavioral development level concerning different aspects of HCV risk behaviors with respect to age and gender. The survey highlights the most cost-effective strategies that could accelerate HCV elimination in Egypt.

Subjects And Methods: A national household survey targeted 3780 individuals (age range: 10-85 years).

Strengths of community and health facilities based interventions in improving women and adolescents' care seeking behaviors as approaches for reducing maternal mortality and improving birth outcome among low income communities of Egypt.

Background: Provision of emergency obstetric care is considered the key for maternal mortality reduction worldwide. This study evaluated the impact of community- and facility-based educational programs on provision of emergency obstetric care in Egypt. The study focused on evaluating utilization of the available health services and care seeking behaviors of mothers in the childbearing period.

Egyptians' social acceptance and consenting options for posthumous organ donation; a cross sectional study.

Background: Organ donation has become one of the most effective ways to save lives and improve the quality of life for patients with end-stage organ failure. No previous studies have investigated the preferences for the different consenting options for organ donation in Egypt. This study aims to assess Egyptians' preferences regarding consenting options for posthumous organ donation, and measure their awareness and acceptance of the Egyptian law articles regulating organ donation.

Neuroprotective effect of crocin against rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease in rats: Interplay between PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and enhanced expression of miRNA-7 and miRNA-221.

The complexity of Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis is attributed to multiple pathways involved in the neurodegeneration process. Among these pathways arise the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) axis, where inhibition of this cascade has been implicated in the pathogenesis of PD. Crocin, a carotenoid found in saffron, has shown beneficial effects against neurodegenerative diseases via anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities.

Enhancing the value of women's reproductive rights through community based interventions in upper Egypt governorates: a randomized interventional study.

Background: In 2012, the WHO described the quality of health care as the route to equity and dignity for women and children.

Aim Of The Work: To provide community based support and empowerment to women in childbearing period to seek optimal prenatal, natal and postnatal healthcare. Achieving this is anticipated to decrease maternal morbidity and mortality in Egypt.

Early and long term anamnestic response to HBV booster dose among fully vaccinated Egyptian children during infancy.

Objective: To evaluate early and long term anamnestic response to a booster dose of HBV vaccine among non-seroprotected children.

Subjects And Method: A national community based project was carried out on 3600 children aged 9 months to 16 years, fully vaccinated during infancy. They were recruited from 6 governorates representing Egypt.

Aromatase inhibitors and apoptotic inducers: Design, synthesis, anticancer activity and molecular modeling studies of novel phenothiazine derivatives carrying sulfonamide moiety as hybrid molecules.

Hybrid molecules are used as anticancer agents to improve effectiveness and diminish drug resistance. So, the current study aimed to introduce twenty novel phenothiazine sulfonamide hybrids 5-22, 24 and 25 of promising anticancer activity. Compounds 11 and 13 revealed more potent anticancer properties (IC 8.

Analogue based drug design, synthesis, molecular docking and anticancer evaluation of novel chromene sulfonamide hybrids as aromatase inhibitors and apoptosis enhancers.

Twenty novel chromene derivatives carrying different sulfonamide moieties (3-22) were designed and synthesized. All the newly prepared compounds were evaluated for their in vitro anticancer activity against breast cancer cell line (T47D). Most of the synthesized compounds showed good to moderate activity (IC = 8.

Hepatitis B Seroprotection and the Response to a Challenging Dose among Vaccinated Children in Red Sea Governorate.

Aim: To assess the long-term effectiveness of hepatitis B virus vaccine and the need for a booster dose among children who received three doses of vaccine during infancy in Red Sea Governorate.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed. Interviews with children (9 months to 16 years) and parents were done.

Knowledge of and risky behaviours towards hepatitis B virus infection among Egyptian school children.

Background And Study Aims: Success in the prevention of hepatitis B virus (HBV) depends to a large extent on the adolescents' HBV knowledge and their risky behaviours. This study aims to assess the knowledge of and the risky behaviours towards HBV among school students and to determine the significant predictors affecting their knowledge.

Patients And Methods: A cross-sectional study was approved in four Egyptian governorates (Dakahleya, Gharbeya, Cairo, and Beni-Suef) on 574 students aged 11-17years.