Staphylococcus aureus SaeRS impairs macrophage immune functions through bacterial clumps formation in the early stage of infection.

The Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) SaeRS two-component system (TCS) regulates over 20 virulence factors. While its impact on chronic infection has been thoroughly discussed, its role in the early stage of infection remains elusive.

Diagnostic Role of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing in Tubercular Orthopedic Implant-Associated Infection.

Objective: The diagnosis of tubercular orthopedic implant-associated infection (TB-IAI) is challenging. This study evaluated the value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for the diagnosis of TB-IAI and developed a standardized diagnostic procedure for TB-IAI.

Methods: The records of all patients with TB-IAI diagnosed and treated at our institution between December 2018 and September 2022 were retrospectively reviewed.

Targeted Light-Induced Immunomodulatory Strategy for Implant-Associated Infections via Reversing Biofilm-Mediated Immunosuppression.

The clinical treatment efficacy for implant-associated infections (IAIs), particularly those caused by Methicillin-resistant (MRSA), remains unsatisfactory, primarily due to the formation of biofilm barriers and the resulting immunosuppressive microenvironment, leading to the chronicity and recurrence of IAIs. To address this challenge, we propose a light-induced immune enhancement strategy, synthesizing BSA@MnO@Ce6@Van (BMCV). The BMCV exhibits precise targeting and adhesion to the biofilm-infected region, coupled with its capacity to catalyze oxygen generation from HO in the hypoxic and acidic biofilm microenvironment (BME), promoting oxygen-dependent photodynamic therapy efficacy while ensuring continuous release of manganese ions.

Neutrophil Function Conversion Driven by Immune Switchpoint Regulator against Diabetes-Related Biofilm Infections.

Reinforced biofilm structures and dysfunctional neutrophils induced by excessive oxidative stress contribute to the refractoriness of diabetes-related biofilm infections (DRBIs). Herein, in contrast to traditional antibacterial therapies, an immune switchpoint-driven neutrophil immune function conversion strategy based on a deoxyribonuclease I loaded vanadium carbide MXene (DNase-I@V C) nanoregulator is proposed to treat DRBIs via biofilm lysis and redirecting neutrophil functions from NETosis to phagocytosis in diabetes. Owing to its intrinsic superoxide dismutase/catalase-like activities, DNase-I@V C effectively scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a high oxidative stress microenvironment to maintain the biological activity of DNase-I.

Trends in microbiological epidemiology of orthopedic infections: a large retrospective study from 2008 to 2021.

Background: This study assessed the distribution characteristics of pathogens isolated from cases of orthopedic infections and focused on the antimicrobial susceptibility of the main pathogens.

Methods: This retrospective study involved patients with orthopedic infection in a tertiary medical center located in Shanghai, China, from 2008 to 2021.Pathogen information and the basic information of patients were identified from clinical microbiology laboratory data and the institutional medical record system.

Identification of virulence-modulating RNA from transcriptomics data with machine learning.

The virulence factors of are tightly controlled by two-component systems (TCSs) and small RNA (sRNA). TCSs have been well studied over the past several decades, but our understanding of sRNA functions lags far behind that of TCS functions. Here, we studied the biological role of sRNA from 506 RNA-seq datasets using independent component analysis (ICA).

Interactions between Macrophages and Biofilm during Staphylococcus aureus-Associated Implant Infection: Difficulties and Solutions.

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) biofilm is the major cause of failure of implant infection treatment that results in heavy social and economic burden on individuals, families, and communities. Planktonic S.

Single-cell transcriptome reveals Staphylococcus aureus modulating fibroblast differentiation in the bone-implant interface.

Background: This study aimed to delineate the cell heterogeneity in the bone-implant interface and investigate the fibroblast responses to implant-associated S. aureus infection.

Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing of human periprosthetic tissues from patients with periprosthetic joint infection (PJI, n = 3) and patients with aseptic loosening (AL, n = 2) was performed.

Self-Homeostasis Immunoregulatory Strategy for Implant-Related Infections through Remodeling Redox Balance.

Implant-related infections (IRIs) are catastrophic complications after orthopedic surgery. Excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulated in IRIs create a redox-imbalanced microenvironment around the implant, which severely limits the curing of IRIs by inducing biofilm formation and immune disorders. However, current therapeutic strategies commonly eliminate infection utilizing the explosive generation of ROS, which exacerbates the redox imbalance, aggravating immune disorders and promoting infection chronicity.

Congener-Induced Sulfur-Related Metabolism Interference Therapy Promoted by Photothermal Sensitization for Combating Bacteria.

Metabolic homeostasis is vital for individual cells to keep alive. Stronger metabolic homeostasis allows bacteria to survive in vivo and do persistent harm to hosts, which is especially typical in implant-associated infection (IAI) with biofilm intervention. Herein, based on the competitive role of selenium (Se) and sulfur (S) in bacteria metabolism as congeners, a congener-induced sulfur-related metabolism interference therapy (SMIT) eradicating IAI is proposed by specific destruction of bacteria metabolic homeostasis.

Antibacterial application of gentamicin-silk protein coating with smart release function on titanium, polyethylene, and AlO materials.

Peri-implant infection after hip and knee arthroplasty is a common and serious complication. Titanium (Ti), polyethylene (PE), and AlO materials used as joint prosthesis materials have good biocompatibility and mechanical strength but no antibacterial effect. This study aimed to provide a theoretical basis for the design and manufacture of joint prosthesis materials with antibacterial effect.

Space-Selective Chemodynamic Therapy of CuFeO Nanocubes for Implant-Related Infections.

Implant-related infections (IRIs) are a serious complication after orthopedic surgery, especially when a biofilm develops and establishes physical and chemical barriers protecting bacteria from antibiotics and the hosts local immune system. Effectively eliminating biofilms is essential but difficult, as it requires not only breaking the physical barrier but also changing the chemical barrier that induces an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Herein, tailored to a biofilm microenvironment (BME), we proposed a space-selective chemodynamic therapy (CDT) strategy to combat IRIs using metastable CuFeO nanocubes (NCs) as smart Fenton-like reaction catalysts whose activity can be regulated by pH and HO concentration.

Antimicrobial characteristics of Berberine against prosthetic joint infection-related Staphylococcus aureus of different multi-locus sequence types.

Background: Staphylococcal aureus (S. aureus) has become the leading causative pathogen of Prosthetic Joint Infection (PJI), which is the most devastating complication after arthroplasty surgeries. Due to the biofilm formation ability and emergence of multiple-drugs resistance strains of S.

Enhanced Anti-Infective Efficacy of ZnO Nanoreservoirs through a Combination of Intrinsic Anti-Biofilm Activity and Reinforced Innate Defense.

The increasing prevalence of implant-associated infections (IAIs) imposes a heavy burden on patients and medical providers. Bacterial biofilms are recalcitrant to antiseptic drugs and local immune defense and can attenuate host proinflammatory response to interfere with bacterial clearance. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) play a dual role in antibacterial and immunomodulatory activities but compromise the cytocompatibility because of their intracellular uptake.

Band Gap Engineering of Titania Film through Cobalt Regulation for Oxidative Damage of Bacterial Respiration and Viability.

Biomaterial-related bacterial infections cause patient suffering, mortality, and extended periods of hospitalization and impose a substantial burden on medical systems. In this context, understanding the interactions between nanomaterials and bacteria is clinically significant. Herein, TiO-based heterojunctions, including Co-TiO, CoO-TiO, and CoO-TiO, were first designed by optimizing magnetron sputtering to establish a platform to explore the interactions between nanomaterials and bacteria.

Distribution characteristics of spp. in different phases of periprosthetic joint infection: A review.

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a devastating condition and spp. are the predominant pathogens responsible, particularly coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) and . The aim of the present systematic review was to evaluate the distribution characteristics of specific spp.

A functionalized surface modification with vanadium nanoparticles of various valences against implant-associated bloodstream infection.

Bloodstream infection, especially with implants involved, is an often life-threatening condition with high mortality rates, imposing a heavy burden on patients and medical systems. Herein, we firstly deposited homogeneous vanadium metal, VO, VO, and VO nanofilms on quartz glass by magnetron sputtering. Using these platforms, we further investigated the potential antimicrobial efficiency of these nano-VO films and the interactions of human erythrocytes and bacteria (methicillin-resistant and ) with our samples in a novel cell-bacteria coculture model.

Anti-biofouling function of amorphous nano-TaO coating for VO-based intelligent windows.

From environmental and health perspectives, the acquisition of a surface anti-biofouling property holds important significance for the usability of VO intelligent windows. Herein, we firstly deposited amorphous TaO nanoparticles on VO film by the magnetron sputtering method. It was found that the amorphous nano-TaO coating possessed a favorable anti-biofouling capability against Pseudomonas aeruginosa as an environmental microorganism model, behind which lay the mechanism that the amorphous nano-TaO could interrupt the microbial membrane electron transport chain and significantly elevate the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level.

Nano-layered magnesium fluoride reservoirs on biomaterial surfaces strengthen polymorphonuclear leukocyte resistance to bacterial pathogens.

Biomaterial-related bacterial infections cause patient suffering, mortality and extended periods of hospitalization, imposing a substantial burden on medical systems. In this context, understanding of nanomaterials-bacteria-cells interactions is of both fundamental and clinical significance. Herein, nano-MgF films were deposited on titanium substrate via magnetron sputtering.

Silver-nanoparticles-modified biomaterial surface resistant to staphylococcus: new insight into the antimicrobial action of silver.

Titanium implants are widely used clinically, but postoperative implant infection remains a potential severe complication. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of nano-silver(Ag)-functionalized Ti surfaces against epidemic Staphylococcus from the perspective of the regulation of biofilm-related genes and based on a bacteria-cell co-culture study. To achieve this goal, two representative epidemic Staphylococcus strains, Staphylococcus epidermidis (S.

Antibacterial Surface Design of Titanium-Based Biomaterials for Enhanced Bacteria-Killing and Cell-Assisting Functions Against Periprosthetic Joint Infection.

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is one of the formidable and recalcitrant complications after orthopedic surgery, and inhibiting biofilm formation on the implant surface is considered crucial to prophylaxis of PJI. However, it has recently been demonstrated that free-floating biofilm-like aggregates in the local body fluid and bacterial colonization on the implant and peri-implant tissues can coexist and are involved in the pathogenesis of PJI. An effective surface with both contact-killing and release-killing antimicrobial capabilities can potentially abate these concerns and minimize PJI caused by adherent/planktonic bacteria.