TIGAR coordinates senescence-associated secretory phenotype via lysosome repositioning and α-tubulin deacetylation.

TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) regulates redox homeostasis and provides the intermediates necessary for cell growth by reducing the glycolytic rate. During cellular senescence, cells undergo metabolic rewiring towards the glycolytic pathway, along with the development of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), also known as the secretome. We observed that TIGAR expression increased during replicative senescence following the in vitro expansion of human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and that TIGAR knockout (KO) decreased SASP factors and triggered premature senescence with decelerated progression.

Epigenetic regulation of p62/SQSTM1 overcomes the radioresistance of head and neck cancer cells via autophagy-dependent senescence induction.

Tumors are composed of subpopulations of cancer cells with functionally distinct features. Intratumoral heterogeneity limits the therapeutic effectiveness of cancer drugs. To address this issue, it is important to understand the regulatory mechanisms driving a subclonal variety within a therapy-resistant tumor.

Spin currents and spin-orbit torques in ferromagnetic trilayers.

Magnetic torques generated through spin-orbit coupling promise energy-efficient spintronic devices. For applications, it is important that these torques switch films with perpendicular magnetizations without an external magnetic field. One suggested approach to enable such switching uses magnetic trilayers in which the torque on the top magnetic layer can be manipulated by changing the magnetization of the bottom layer.

Dexamethasone inhibits in vivo tumor growth by the alteration of bone marrow CD11b⁺ myeloid cells.

Inflammation is closely associated with tumor growth, which is mediated by the activation of bone marrow-derived CD11b(+) cells. Here, we investigated whether anti-inflammatory dexamethasone (Dex), a synthetic glucocorticoid (GC), could regulate tumor growth and CD11b(+) myeloid bone marrow cells (BMCs) in lymphocyte (R1), monocyte (R2) and granulocyte (R3) regions of FSC-SSC dot plot. The growth of B16F10 mouse melanoma tumor was inhibited in Dex-injected group.

B cell activating factor-dependent expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in MH7A human synoviocytes stimulated with tumor necrosis factor-α.

Angiogenesis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the histological hallmarks, which is mediated by expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in RA synovium. VEGF expression is enhanced by TNF-α, the main pro-inflammatory cytokine in RA. B cell activating factor (BAFF) which plays a role in maturation and maintenance of B cells is also associated with autoimmune RA.

Protein kinase C stimulates human B cell activating factor gene expression through reactive oxygen species-dependent c-Fos in THP-1 pro-monocytic cells.

BAFF is associated with various immunological diseases. Previously, we have reported that mouse B cell activating factor (mBAFF) expression was dependent on nuclear localization of co-activator, p300 and the activation of transcription factors including NF-κB and CREB. Here, we investigated whether transcription factor, c-Fos, regulates human (h) BAFF expression through promoter activation by PMA-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production.

Regulation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 by thymosin beta-4 is associated with gastric cancer cell migration.

Thymosin beta-4 (Tβ4), actin-sequestering protein, plays important roles in many cellular functions including cancer cell migrations. Glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) in Wnt signaling pathway is a key molecule to control intercellular interaction. Here, we investigated whether GSK-3 activity is regulated by Tβ4 and it is associated with Tβ4-mediated migration in gastric cancer cells.

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors control A172 human glioblastoma cell death through cAMP-mediated activation of protein kinase A and Epac1/Rap1 pathways.

Aims: We investigated whether cAMP-mediated protein kinase A(PKA) and Epac1/Rap1 pathways differentially affect brain tumor cell death using 4-(3-cyclopentyloxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-pyrrolidone(rolipram), specific phosphodiesterase type IV(PDE IV) inhibitor.

Main Methods: A172 and U87MG human glioblastoma cells were used. Percentage of cell survival was determined by MTT assay.

KR33426, [2-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-methyloxazol-4yl]carbonylguanidine, is a novel compound to be effective on mouse systemic lupus erythematosus.

B cell-activating factor (BAFF) is a key regulator of B lymphocyte development. Signals from BAFF are transmitted through binding to a specific BAFF receptor (BAFF-R). Here, we established screening method to find a specific inhibitor for the interference of BAFF-BAFF-R interactions.

Heteroepitaxial ferroelectric ZnSnO3 thin film.

We investigated the ferroelectric characteristics of an epitaxial perovskite ZnSnO(3) thin film on a (111) SrRuO(3)/(111) SrTiO(3) substrate fabricated by pulsed laser deposition. We confirmed that the ZnSnO(3) thin film was epitaxially grown on the substrate, forming large terraces on the surface of the ZnSnO(3) thin film. The ZnSnO(3) thin film exhibited a high ferroelectric polarization of approximately 47 microC/cm(2), which was further supported by first-principles calculations.

Formation of self-assembled polyelectrolyte multilayer nanodots by scanning probe microscopy.

We demonstrate that patterned nanodots can be obtained from alternatively self-assembled polyelectrolytes which consist of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) by using atomic force microscopy. The surface potentials are easily reversible as positive or negative depending on the kind of the top polyelectrolyte layer. With the layer by layer growth, the nanodots are formed exactly on the charged area and their thicknesses proportionally increase to the total number of monolayers with a uniform thickness of about 0.