Study protocol for key interventions to improve the follow-up adherence postcervical precancerous lesion treatment in Ethiopia: a pragmatic randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: The follow-up adherence after treatment for a positive screening test is critical for preventing the development of screen-detected abnormalities in cervical cancer. Yet, this poses a major challenge in developing countries like Ethiopia, emphasising the urgency for intervention strategies. Our trial aims to assess which strategies would be effective in improving adherence to follow-up after suspicious cervical lesion treatment in Ethiopia.

Evaluation of diabetes care services, data quality, and availability of resources in Ethiopia: Difference-in-differences analysis of the NORAD-WHO NCDs' midterm project evaluation.

Background: The Ethiopian government, supported by NORAD, the WHO, and other partners, is decentralizing diabetes care to primary health units via a task-shifting approach. Despite substantial investment, there is still a lack of up-to-date information on diabetes screening, diagnosis, treatment, and medication availability in the country.

Objective: This study assessed the effects of the NORAD-WHO intervention on diabetes care services, data quality, and the availability of infrastructure and medical supplies in Ethiopia.

PAM50 breast cancer subtypes and survival of patients in rural Ethiopia without adjuvant treatment: a prospective observational study.

Purpose: Survival rates of breast cancer (BC) patients are particularly low in rural regions in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) which is due to limited access to therapy. In recent years, gene expression profiling (GEP) of BC showed a strong prognostic value in patients with local tumour surgery and (neo)adjuvant treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of intrinsic subtypes on survival of patients in rural Ethiopia without any (neo)adjuvant therapy.

Seroprevalence of and potential tick vectors infesting domestic ruminants and community perception of the disease in pastoral areas of south Omo zone, southern Ethiopia.

Background: Q fever is a worldwide occurring neglected zoonotic disease with great economic importance. The etiological agent, is a bacterium usually associated with subclinical infections in livestock, but may also cause reproductive pathology and spontaneous abortions in artiodactyl species including goats, sheep and cattle which are deemed to be the primary reservoirs of this disease.

Aims: The present cross-sectional and questionnaire survey was undertaken in three districts of the South Omo zone with the aims to comprehend the community perception of livestock keepers and professionals about the disease, estimate the seroprevalence of () in cattle and small ruminants and to determine the species of potential tick vectors of infesting cattle, sheep and goats.

Seroprevalence and risk factors of sheep and goat pox virus in selected districts of Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia.

Importance: Sheep and goat pox (SGP) virus infection is a highly fatal viral infection of small ruminants that causes major production losses in sheep and goats in Ethiopia while also limiting international trade.

Objective: This study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of SGP infection and assess related risk variables.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to August 2023 on 384 serum samples taken from sheep and goats.

Phytochemical property and antimicrobial activity of F R root extract: Advancing Ethiopian indigenous wart curing medicinal plant.

Although there may be a number of disadvantages, many patients prefer the traditional medication over surgical wart therapy since it may permanently remove the abscess from the body. The roots of the plant are one of the native plants used in Ethiopia for traditional wart treatment. Therefore, the main goal of the research was to examine the phytochemical characteristics, identify the chemical compounds, and assess the antimicrobial effectiveness of the previously described plant root extract against gram-positive and gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.

Understanding referral of patients with cancer in rural Ethiopia: a qualitative study.

Background: Cancer incidence is increasing in Ethiopia mainly due to increased life expectancy, while oncological capacities remain limited. Strong referral linkages between different levels of the healthcare system are key to provide timely access to cancer care. In this qualitative study, we assessed limitations and potential of cancer patient referral in the rural Southwest of Ethiopia.

Burden of Tuberculosis in End Stage Renal Disease Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis: A Multicenter Study and Experience from Ethiopian Dialysis Setting.

Background: Patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) are at a higher risk of developing tuberculosis (TB) due to the immunosuppressed state along with concomitant comorbidities and socioeconomic and demographic factors. Data on the prevalence of tuberculosis in ESRD are scarce despite the high burden of the disease in developing nations.

Methods: A multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted at eight dialysis centers in Addis Ababa on the prevalence of TB among CKD patients on maintenance hemodialysis from August 2022 to October 2022 G.

Maternal and perinatal outcomes of oligohydramnios in late term and post term pregnancies at public hospitals in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The prevalence of oligohydramnios ranges from 12 to 14% after 41 weeks to as high as 30% in post term pregnancies. Oligohydramnios poses a dilemma in the choice of mode of labor and delivery in a setup where there is lack of continuous electronic fetal monitoring during labor. The condition also puts the mother at risks of operative interventions and cesarean delivery.

Genomic analysis of Plasmodium vivax describes patterns of connectivity and putative drivers of adaptation in Ethiopia.

Ethiopia has the greatest burden of Plasmodium vivax in Africa, but little is known about the epidemiological landscape of parasites across the country. We analysed the genomic diversity of 137 P. vivax isolates collected nine Ethiopian districts from 2012 to 2016.

Characteristics of Women Seeking Cervical Cancer Cytology Screening in a Private Health Facility.

: Over 80% of cervical cancer cases in sub-Saharan Africa are detected at late stages, predominantly due to the lack or inaccessibility of prevention services. Public health facilities in Ethiopia offer free cervical cancer screening for eligible women. Besides the public health facilities, private providers also offer a variety of screening services at the patients' expense.

Clinical and Epidemiological Profiles of Patients with End Stage Kidney Disease on Dialysis at Dialysis Centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background: End-stage kidney disease is increasing worldwide, primarily in the developing countries. It is affecting mainly the productive age group. Though the prevalence of the disease is increasing in Ethiopia, there are few studies.

Individual and contextual-level factors associated with iron-folic acid supplement intake during pregnancy in Ethiopia: a multi-level analysis.

Background: Anemia is still one of the major public health problems in many developing countries including Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to assess individual and contextual-level factors associated with iron-folic acid supplement intake during pregnancy in Ethiopia.

Methods: A secondary analysis was done on the 2019 mini-Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) dataset.

Pathways and Referral of Patients with Cancer in Rural Ethiopia: A Multi-center Retrospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: Well-organized patient pathways are essential to achieve early diagnosis and timely treatment of patients with cancer in Sub-Saharan Africa. This retrospective cohort study describes pathways and referral patterns of cancer patients in rural Ethiopia.

Patients And Methods: The retrospective study took place from October to December 2020 at 2 primary- and 6 secondary-level hospitals in southwestern Ethiopia.

Survival and predictors of breast cancer mortality in South Ethiopia: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in over 100 countries. In March 2021, the World Health Organization called on the global community to decrease mortality by 2.5% per year.

Prevalence and risk factors for tobacco, khat, and alcohol consumption among high school students in Ethiopia.

Background: Tobacco, khat, alcohol, and marijuana are the main risk factors for non-communicable diseases. There are limited studies on substance use in Ethiopia, especially among secondary school students. This study aims to determine the epidemiology of substance use among secondary school students in Ethiopia.

A molecular barcode and web-based data analysis tool to identify imported Plasmodium vivax malaria.

Traditionally, patient travel history has been used to distinguish imported from autochthonous malaria cases, but the dormant liver stages of Plasmodium vivax confound this approach. Molecular tools offer an alternative method to identify, and map imported cases. Using machine learning approaches incorporating hierarchical fixation index and decision tree analyses applied to 799 P.

Numerical study on effect of constant and variable axial loads on RC column subjected to blast load.

Explosion is an instant release of potential energy, heat, temperature and sound producing a pressure wave that travels away from the source radially on which the resulting force the blast wave is a blast load. Besides this, column especially external column as a main load bearing compressive structural component in buildings is the most critical structural element vulnerable to explosion and require an in-depth investigation on its performance against blast loads. Despite this, currently there is perceived gap and meagre of researches regarding numerical investigation on effect of presence of constant and variable axial loads on reinforced concrete column when subjected to blast load.

Gender-Based Violence and Associated Factors Among Women with Disabilities in Jimma Town, Ethiopia.

Background: Globally, women with disabilities have two times higher chance of suffering from violence compared to their non-disabled peers due to double discrimination. However, there is little evidence that quantifies the situation in this segment of the population by considering disability-related factors which make this group more vulnerable to gender-based violence in Ethiopia.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of gender-based violence and its associated factors among women with disabilities in Jimma town, southwest Ethiopia, 2020.

Evaluation of quality and antimicrobial efficacy of locally manufactured alcohol-based hand sanitizers marketed in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia in the era of COVID-19.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been rapidly spreading across the globe since the World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the disease outbreak as a global pandemic on March 11, 2020. Hand hygiene, via either regular handwashing with soap and water or using hand sanitizers, is among the various measures that need to be followed to control the outbreak of the disease. Alcohol-based hand sanitizers (ABHS) are the "gold standard" for hand disinfection because of their broad antimicrobial spectrum of activity, easy availability, better safety profile, and general acceptability to users.

A Bilayer SnO/MoS-Coated Evanescent Wave Fiber Optic Sensor for Acetone Detection-An Experimental Study.

The need for sensors that measure the acetone content of exhaled breath for diabetes severity has recently increased. Clinical researchers have reported less than 0.8 ppm acetone concentration in the exhaled breath of an average individual, while that for a diabetic patient is higher than 1.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Community towards an Onchocerciasis Elimination Program from South West Ethiopia.

Onchocerciasis is a neglected tropical disease that is prevalent throughout Africa, including developing countries such as Ethiopia. It affects around 37 million people, the majority of whom are from Africa. As a result, the study was designed to look into the community's knowledge, attitude, and practice about the onchocerciasis elimination campaign.

Management practice and treatment outcomes of adult patients with Lupus Nephritis at the Renal Clinic of St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background: Lupus nephritis (LN) is the most common severe complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) which results in high morbidity and mortality. Up to 60% of adult patients with SLE develop the renal disease with different severity. Even with potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive therapies, many LN patients still progress to chronic kidney disease or end-stage renal disease.