Vitamin D Intake and Status in 6-Year-Old Icelandic Children Followed up from Infancy.

High serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels have been observed in infants in Nordic countries, likely due to vitamin D supplement use. Internationally, little is known about tracking vitamin D status from infancy to childhood. Following up 1-year-old infants in our national longitudinal cohort, our aims were to study vitamin D intake and status in healthy 6-year-old Icelandic children (n = 139) and to track vitamin D status from one year of age.

Vitamin D intake and status in 12-month-old infants at 63-66° N.

The objective was to assess the vitamin D status in healthy 12-month-old infants in relation to quantity and sources of dietary vitamin D, breastfeeding and seasons. Subjects were 76 12-month-old infants. Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) ≥ 50 nmol/L were considered indicative of vitamin D sufficiency and 25(OH)D < 27.

Animal protein intake at 12 months is associated with growth factors at the age of six.

Aim: To study the associations between protein intake from different sources with anthropometry and serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in infancy and childhood.

Methods: Children (n = 199) born in Iceland were followed up to six years of age. Their intake of various animal proteins and vegetable protein was calculated from weighed food records at 12 months and 6 years.

Nutrient intake in infancy and body mass index at six years in two population-based cohorts recruited before and after revision of infant dietary recommendations.

Background/aims: The dietary intake in infancy can affect growth and the risk of childhood overweight. The aim of this study was to compare the nutrient intake in infancy and the body mass index (BMI) at age 6 years in two population-based cohorts recruited before and after the revision of infant dietary recommendations.

Methods: Two randomly selected population-based cohorts were recruited at birth and studied until 12 months of age and again at 6 years of age.

Iron status and developmental scores in 6-year-olds highlights ongoing need to tackle iron deficiency in infants.

Aim: To investigate iron status and developmental scores at 6 years of age in a population with decreased prevalence of iron deficiency in infancy. Iron status at 6 years and tracking from 12 months were also studied.

Methods: Children (n = 143) born in Iceland in 2005 were followed up at the age of six.

Iron status of one-year-olds and association with breast milk, cow's milk or formula in late infancy.

Purpose: Studies on iron status in infancy and early childhood have shown contradicting results concerning prolonged breast-feeding and cow's milk intake. The aim of the present study was to investigate associations between iron status among one-year-olds and feeding, with focus on the type of milk.

Methods: Randomly selected healthy infants were prospectively investigated until 1 year of age in two cohorts born 1995-1996 (n = 114) and 2005 (n = 140).

Timing of the introduction of complementary foods in infancy: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To increase knowledge on iron status and growth during the first 6 months of life. We hypothesized that iron status would be better in infants who received complementary foods in addition to breast milk compared with those exclusively breastfed.

Methods: One hundred nineteen healthy term (≥37 weeks) singleton infants were randomly assigned to receive either complementary foods in addition to breast milk from age 4 months (CF) or to exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months (EBF).

Nutrition and Iron Status of 1-Year Olds following a Revision in Infant Dietary Recommendations.

A previous study showed low iron status in 12-month-old Icelandic infants associated most strongly with cow's milk intake and growth. Infant dietary recommendations were revised in 2003. This study investigated nutrition and iron status in a new infant cohort.

The relation of fatness to insulin is independent of fitness in 9- but not 15-yr-olds.

Purpose: To explore the relationship between varying aerobic fitness (fitness), fatness, and fasting insulin levels in healthy children.

Methods: A population-based sample of 9-yr-old (9YO, 47 boys, 56 girls) and 15-yr-old (15YO, 53 boys, 51 girls) Icelandic children. Body fatness was evaluated via body mass index, waist circumference adjusted for height (waist adj), and sum of four skinfolds.

Anthropometric predictors of serum fasting insulin in 9- and 15-year-old children and adolescents.

Background And Aim: As the prevalence of overweight and obesity increases, the risk of insulin resistance rises. The aim was to study the association between anthropometric measurements and fasting insulin concentration in a population-based sample of 9- and 15-year-old children and adolescents.

Methods And Results: Subjects were randomly selected 9- and 15-year-old pupils (n=262) in a cross-sectional, population-based study.

[Uniparental disomy of chromosome 11 in a patient with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. First reported case in Iceland].

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is a generalized overgrowth condition as well as regional and organ overgrowth in newborn children. It includes an increased risk of certain embryonal tumours. The aetiology of BWS is complex as different genetic and epigenetic alterations at chromosome region 11p15.