Fetal Echocardiography Indications and Lack of Association between Abnormal Exams and Advanced Maternal Age: A Cross-Sectional Study - Fetal Abnormal Echocardiography.

Objective:  To analyze the most frequent referrals for fetal echocardiography, including advanced maternal age and its association with abnormal results.

Methods:  We included all pregnant women referred to perform fetal echocardiography (gestational age 22-32 weeks) in 2 health centers in Rio de Janeiro, from June 2015 to June 2016. Advanced maternal age was considered when age was > 35 years at the time of delivery).

Follow-up of rheumatic carditis treated with steroids.

Objective: To present the long-term follow-up of children hospitalised for severe rheumatic carditis who were treated with corticosteroids.

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of the outcome of 242 patients with severe rheumatic carditis after discharge from two public hospitals in Niteroi, Brazil. We followed up 118 patients for 4 years or more, with an average of 7.

Validation study of a scale of life quality evaluation in a group of pediatric patients infected by HIV.

With the advent of potent antiretroviral therapy and the increase in life expectancy of pediatric patients infected with HIV, the quest for the promotion of enhanced quality of life should currently be the main focus in care of children with HIV/Aids. The scope of this study was to validate the Scale of Children's Quality of Life in a group of children infected with HIV receiving clinical care in Aids Service Units in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This scale consists of 26 questions and was tested on 100 children, with ages varying between 4 and 12, and their respective parents or guardians.

Late clinical and functional assessment of arrhythmias in children after repair of Tetralogy of Fallot.

Background: Cardiac arrhythmias are the major cause of late sudden death in patients undergoing repair of Tetralogy of Fallot (TF).

Objective: To evaluate the occurrence of cardiac arrhythmias in children and adolescents undergoing repair of TF, and to associate them with clinical aspects and laboratory tests.

Methods: Cross-sectional study of 37 patients undergoing repair of TF at Instituto Estadual de Cardiologia Aloysio de Castro (Rio de Janeiro).

Surgical mitral valve repair in children with rheumatic fever.

Background: Mitral repair is well accepted in children with rheumatic fever.

Objective: To analyze the outcomes of surgical mitral repair in children with rheumatic lesions after four years of follow-up.

Methods: Retrospective study of 40 patients younger than 18 years, who underwent surgery in the National Institute of Cardiology (Rio de Janeiro) between January 1998 and January 2003.

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.

Objective: To analyze the metabolic constitution of brain areas through proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in children affected with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder compared with normal children.

Method: The sample of this case-control study included eight boys with epidemiologic history of in utero exposure to alcohol (median age 13.6+/-3.

Cardiovascular complications in a child with chronic renal failure.

This is the report of an 11-year-old boy with chronic renal disease and secondary hyperparathyroidism. The child had been on dialysis, calcitriol, calcium carbonate, and presented dyslipidemia and calcified thrombi in various vessels and organs in the course of his condition. Pathological examination showed ischemic cerebral necrosis, calcification in coronary arteries, and myocardial infarction.

[Pseudotumor cerebri secondary to dural sinus thrombosis: pediatric case report].

Pseudotumor cerebri is a relatively common neurologic syndrome in adolescence. In most cases, etiology is idiopathic, but it may have serious complications, such as blindness, that are related to increased intracranial pressure. The aim of this article is to emphasize the differential diagnosis of pseudotumor cerebri, with special attention to treatable etiologies.

[Pheochromocytoma in childhood].

Pheochromocytoma is a neoplasia of chromaffin cells that is very rare in children. Its signs and symptoms result from the release of catecholamines. We report the case of a child with pheochromocytoma of difficult clinical management, confirmed on the anatomicopathological study, and cured after surgical resection.

[Ketogenic diet for intractable epilepsy in children and adolescents: report of six cases].

Background: This study aims to report on use of the ketogenic diet in a group of six children and adolescents with intractable epilepsy.

Methods: Authors reviewed the medical records of every patient under 15 years of age who received the ketogenic diet between April 1999 and July 2003. A comparison is made between treatment results, adverse events and beneficial effects with the pertinent medical literature.