Copper catalyzed Shono-type oxidation of proline residues in peptide.

Since the initial report in 1975, the Shono oxidation has become a powerful tool to functionalize the α position of amines, including proline derivatives, by electrochemical oxidation. However, the application of electrochemical Shono oxidations is restricted to the preparation of simple building blocks and homogeneous Shono-type oxidation of proline derivatives remains challenging. The late-stage functionalization at proline residues embedded within peptides is highly important as substitutions about the proline ring are known to affect biological and pharmacological activities.

Proteomics reveals the potential mechanism of Tanshinone IIA in promoting the expansion of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

Introduction: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are a promising cell type for tissue engineering, however, the application of BMSCs is largely hampered by the limited number harvested from bone marrow cells. The methods or strategies that focused on promoting the capacity of BMSCs expansion become more and more important. Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA), the main active components of Danshen, has been found to promote BMSCs proliferation, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear.

Copper catalyzed late-stage C(sp)-H functionalization of nitrogen heterocycles.

Nitrogen heterocycle represents a ubiquitous skeleton in natural products and drugs. Late-stage C(sp)-H bond functionalization of N-heterocycles with broad substrate scope remains a challenge and of particular significance to modern chemical synthesis and pharmaceutical chemistry. Here, we demonstrate copper-catalysed late-stage C(sp)-H functionalizaion of N-heterocycles using commercially available catalysts under mild reaction conditions.