ERFVII-controlled hypoxia responses are in part facilitated by MEDIATOR SUBUNIT 25 in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Flooding impairs plant growth through oxygen deprivation, which activates plant survival and acclimation responses. Transcriptional responses to low oxygen are generally associated with the activation of group VII ETHYLENE-RESPONSE FACTOR (ERFVII) transcription factors. However, the exact mechanisms and molecular components by which ERFVII factors initiate gene expression are not fully elucidated.

Synergistic effect of nitrate exposure and heatwaves on the growth, and metabolic activity of microalgae, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata.

Aquatic biota are threatened by climate warming as well as other anthropogenic stressors such as eutrophication by phosphates and nitrate. However, it remains unclear how nitrate exposure can alter the resilience of microalgae to climate warming, particularly heatwaves. To get a better understanding of these processes, we investigated the effect of elevated temperature and nitrate pollution on growth, metabolites (sugar and protein), oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation), and antioxidant accumulation (polyphenols, proline) in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata.

Cellular dynamics in the maize leaf growth zone during recovery from chilling depends on the leaf developmental stage.

A novel non-steady-state kinematic analysis shows differences in cell division and expansion determining a better recovery from a 3-day cold spell in emerged compared to non-emerged maize leaves. Zea mays is highly sensitive to chilling which frequently occurs during its seedling stage. Although the direct effect of chilling is well studied, the mechanisms determining the subsequent recovery are still unknown.

Biochemical composition changes can be linked to the tolerance of four grassland species under more persistent precipitation regimes.

Climate models suggest that the persistence of summer precipitation regimes (PRs) is on the rise, characterized by both longer dry and longer wet durations. These PR changes may alter plant biochemical composition and thereby their economic and ecological characteristics. However, impacts of PR persistence have primarily been studied at the community level, largely ignoring the biochemistry of individual species.

B O nanoparticles alleviate salt stress in maize leaf growth zones by enhancing photosynthesis and maintaining mineral and redox status.

Salt stress induces significant loss in crop yield worldwide. Although the growth-stimulating effects of micronutrient nanoparticles (NPs) application under salinity have been studied, the molecular and biochemical mechanisms underlying these effects are poorly understood. The large size of maize leaf growth zones provides an ideal model system to sample and investigate the molecular and physiological bases of growth at subzonal resolution.

Are Arabidopsis thaliana plants able to recover from exposure to gamma radiation? A molecular perspective.

Most plant research focuses on the responses immediately after exposure to ionizing irradiation (IR). However, it is as important to investigate how plants recover after exposure since this has a profound effect on future plant growth and development and hence on the long-term consequences of exposure to stress. This study aimed to investigate the IR-induced responses after exposure and during recovery by exposing 1-week old A.

More persistent weather causes a pronounced soil microbial legacy but does not impact subsequent plant communities.

A soil history of exposure to extreme weather may impact future plant growth and microbial community assembly. Currently, little is known about whether and how previous precipitation regime (PR)-induced changes in soil microbial communities influence plant and soil microbial community responses to a subsequent PR. We exposed grassland mesocosms to either an ambient PR (1 day wet-dry alternation) or a persistent PR (30 days consecutive wet-dry alternation) for one year.

Associations between PFAS concentrations and the oxidative status in a free-living songbird (Parus major) near a fluorochemical facility.

For the past 7 decades, PFAS have been used in many different products and applications, which has led to a widespread contamination of these compounds. Nevertheless at present, little is known about the effects of these compounds on avian wildlife. Therefore, this study investigated associations between PFAS concentrations in the plasma and the oxidative status (i.

Synergistic Impacts of Plant-Growth-Promoting Bacteria and Selenium Nanoparticles on Improving the Nutritional Value and Biological Activities of Three Cultivars of Sprouts.

Due to the growing world population and increasing environmental stress, improving the production, nutritional quality, and pharmaceutical applications of plants have become an urgent need. Therefore, current research was designed to investigate the impact of seed priming using plant-growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) along with selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) treatment on chemical and biological properties of three cultivars [Southern star (VA1), Prominence (VA2), Monotop (VA3)]. With this aim, one out of five morphologically different strains of bacteria, namely, JM18, which was further identified via 16S rRNA gene sequencing as a species with strong plant-growth-promoting traits, isolated from soil, was used.

Abscisic Acid Regulates Carbohydrate Metabolism, Redox Homeostasis and Hormonal Regulation to Enhance Cold Tolerance in Spring Barley.

Abscisic acid (ABA) plays a vital role in the induction of low temperature tolerance in plants. To understand the molecular basis of this phenomenon, we performed a proteomic analysis on an ABA-deficit mutant barley () and its wild type (cv Steptoe) under control conditions (25/18 °C) and after exposure to 0 °C for 24 h. Most of the differentially abundant proteins were involved in the processes of photosynthesis and metabolisms of starch, sucrose, carbon, and glutathione.

Late autumn warming can both delay and advance spring budburst through contrasting effects on bud dormancy depth in Fagus sylvatica L.

The current state of knowledge on bud dormancy is limited. However, expanding such knowledge is crucial in order to properly model forest responses and feedback to future climate. Recent studies have shown that warming can decrease chilling accumulation and increase dormancy depth, thereby inducing delayed budburst in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L).

A meta-analysis reveals differential sensitivity of cold stress responses in the maize leaf.

Maize (Zea mays), a cold-sensitive crop, requires cold tolerance for extending the length of the growing season in temperate climates. However, response curves to different cold temperatures and exposure durations are lacking. We used a meta-analysis approach using data from literature to investigate the effect of cold stress in the maize leaf.

The impact of chromium toxicity on the yield and quality of rice grains produced under ambient and elevated levels of CO.

Rice is a highly valuable crop consumed all over the world. Soil pollution, more specifically chromium (Cr), decreases rice yield and quality. Future climate CO (eCO) is known to affect the growth and yield of crops as well as the quality parameters associated with human health.

Chitosan nanoparticles support the impact of arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi on growth and sugar metabolism of wheat crop.

Arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AMF) symbiosis is an indispensable approach in sustainable agriculture. AMF-plant association is likely to be enhanced by the nanoparticle's application. Herein, the impact of chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) on the mycorrhizal colonization in wheat has been investigated.

Nocardiopsis lucentensis and thiourea co-application mitigates arsenic stress through enhanced antioxidant metabolism and lignin accumulation in rice.

Arsenic (As) is a group-1 carcinogenic metalloid that threatens global food safety and security, primarily via its phytotoxicity in the staple crop rice. In the present study, ThioAC, the co-application of thiourea (TU, a non-physiological redox regulator) and N. lucentensis (Act, an As-detoxifying actinobacteria), was evaluated as a low-cost approach for alleviating As(III) toxicity in rice.

Elevated CO mitigates the impact of drought stress by upregulating glucosinolate metabolism in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Elevated CO (eCO ) reduces the impact of drought, but the mechanisms underlying this effect remain unclear. Therefore, we used a multidisciplinary approach to investigate the interaction of drought and eCO in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves. Transcriptome and subsequent metabolite analyses identified a strong induction of the aliphatic glucosinolate (GL) biosynthesis as a main effect of eCO in drought-stressed leaves.

How Carbon Nanoparticles, Arbuscular Mycorrhiza, and Compost Mitigate Drought Stress in Maize Plant: A Growth and Biochemical Study.

Drought negatively affects crop growth and development, so it is crucial to develop practical ways to reduce these consequences of water scarcity. The effect of the interactive potential of compost (Comp), mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), and carbon nanoparticles (CNPS) on plant growth, photosynthesis rate, primary metabolism, and secondary metabolism was studied as a novel approach to mitigating drought stress in maize plants. Drought stress significantly reduced maize growth and photosynthesis and altered metabolism.

Carbon nanoparticles improve the effect of compost and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in drought-stressed corn cultivation.

Drought is an important threat worldwide, therefore, it is vital to create workable solutions to mitigate the negative effects of drought stress. To this end, we investigated the interactive effect of compost (Comp), arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) on maize plant crops under drought stress. The combined treatments were more effective at increasing soil fertility and promoting the growth of maize plants under both control and drought stress conditions by 20.

Seasonal Changes in the Biochemical Constituents of Green Seaweed from Covelong, India.

Seaweeds are well known for having a wealth of nutritional benefits and providing ecological support to associated fauna. Seasonality influences the biochemical characteristics, affecting their ecological and economic values. In the present study, we evaluated pigments, primary and secondary metabolites, minerals, and antioxidant properties of green seaweed growing on the intertidal rocks along the Covelong coast, India, in different seasons (from June 2019 to March 2020).

Biofertilisation with a consortium of growth-promoting bacterial strains improves the nutritional status of wheat grain under control, drought, and salinity stress conditions.

We investigated the effect of plant growth-promoting bacterial strains (PGPB) as biofertilisers on the grain metabolic composition of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.). To this aim, we conducted a greenhouse experiment where we grew durum wheat plants supplied with a biofertiliser consortium of four PGPB and/or chemical fertiliser (containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and zinc), under non-stress, drought (at 40% field capacity), or salinity (150 mM NaCl) conditions.

L. as a Plant Model for Studies on Vegetative Propagation of Native Forest Plants.

Even though it is a forest native plant, there are already several studies evaluating the small genome of L., which belongs to the Euphorbiaceae family, and may be an excellent representative model for the other plants from the same family. L.

Subcellular compartmentalization of aluminum reduced its hazardous impact on rye photosynthesis.

Aluminum (Al) toxicity limits crops growth and production in acidic soils. Compared to roots, less is known about the toxic effects of Al in leaves. Al subcellular compartmentalization is also largely unknown.

Elevated CO differentially mitigates chromium (VI) toxicity in two rice cultivars by modulating mineral homeostasis and improving redox status.

Chromium (Cr) contamination reduces crop productivity worldwide. On the other hand, the expected increase in the future CO levels (eCO) would improve plant growth under diverse growth conditions. However, the synergetic effect of eCO has not been investigated at both physiological and biochemical levels in Cr-contaminated soil.

Modeling reveals posttranscriptional regulation of GA metabolism enzymes in response to drought and cold.

The hormone gibberellin (GA) controls plant growth and regulates growth responses to environmental stress. In monocotyledonous leaves, GA controls growth by regulating division-zone size. We used a systems approach to investigate the establishment of the GA distribution in the maize leaf growth zone to understand how drought and cold alter leaf growth.