Chelator-Assisted Precipitation-Based Separation of the Rare Earth Elements Neodymium and Dysprosium from Aqueous Solutions.

The rare earth elements (REEs) are critical resources for many clean energy technologies, but are difficult to obtain in their elementally pure forms because of their nearly identical chemical properties. Here, an analogue of macropa, G-macropa, was synthesized and employed for an aqueous precipitation-based separation of Nd and Dy. G-macropa maintains the same thermodynamic preference for the large REEs as macropa, but shows smaller thermodynamic stability constants.

Mutation Space of Spatially Conserved Amino Acid Sites in Proteins.

The mutation space of spatially conserved (MSSC) amino acid residues is a protein structural quantity developed and described in this work. The MSSC quantifies how many mutations and which different mutations, i.e.