Publications by authors named "Gero S M Kinzinger"
Background And Aim: Treatment effects of a combined rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and Delaire facemask (DFM) therapy have so far only been scientifically investigated through cephalometric analyses. The combination of cephalometric, dental cast and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan analysis was not yet used for investigating morphologic changes of the tooth-bearing palate. The aim of the present study was to determine whether patient age at treatment begin has an influence upon palatal length changes after RME/DFM therapy, and to what extent transverse palatal sutures contribute to these.
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- The study examines the prevalence and distribution of orthodontic treatment need using the KIG classification among German patients with statutory health insurance under 18 years old over a 10-year period.
- A total of 1,951 out of 2,288 patients were found to need orthodontic treatment, categorized into three age groups: early treatment (<10 years), main treatment (10-13 years), and late treatment (13-18 years).
- Results indicated that the need for treatment generally decreased with age, with specific KIG classifications dominating in different age groups, particularly showing a decrease in KIG grade 5 prevalence from early to late treatment.
Article Synopsis
- In Germany, since 2002, orthodontic treatment costs under statutory health insurance have been limited by introducing classification groups (KIG) to determine treatment eligibility.
- A study examining 20 years of patient data in a North Rhine orthodontic practice found that 4537 patients needed treatment, predominantly classified with KIG grades 4 and 5.
- The most common treatment need was type "D" (increased overjet), which aligns with previous research, indicating consistent patterns in orthodontic requirements over time.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of tooth and jaw malocclusions in 8- to 9-year-olds in North Rhine Westphalia, Germany, by using the orthodontic indication groups (KIG) as a classification system.
- A total of 953 patients were assessed from 2017 to 2021, with 683 patients' data included for analysis, revealing that 34.4% had KIG classification "D," indicating a significant need for orthodontic treatment.
- The findings showed that sagittal deviations classified as "D" and "M" accounted for nearly half of the malocclusions needing treatment, with no significant regional differences in prevalence observed in the study area.
Objective: Since 2002, patients with statutory health insurance in Germany must undergo an assessment of orthodontic treatment need using the "Kieferorthopädische Indikationsguppen" (KIG; orthodontic indication groups) classification system. According to this system, tooth and jaw misalignment are divided into 11 subgroups and five grades. The objectives of this study were to determine the distribution of KIG classifications in patients with statutory insurance of a German orthodontic practice (North Rhine, Germany) and to analyze changes over a 20-year period.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To compare differences in outcome in skeletal and dental parameters in hypo- and hyperdivergent Class II patients after extraction of upper first premolars and comprehensive orthodontic treatment.
Materials And Methods: 37 Class-II-patients with dental camouflage treatment were divided into a hypo- (n = 18) or a hyperdivergent (n = 19) group depending on the mandibular plane angle (hypo: < 34° or hyper: ≥ 34°). Lateral cephalograms were available before (T1) and after (T2) treatment and were analyzed with customized measurements.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to assess changes in skeletal and dental structures after treating class II malocclusion using fixed functional appliances (FFA) in patients with different growth patterns (hypodivergent vs. hyperdivergent).
- A total of 42 patients were analyzed before and after FFA treatment, with only overbite and interincisal angle showing significant differences between the two groups.
- The findings suggest that both hypodivergent and hyperdivergent patients experience similar treatment effects, but the response to FFA varies slightly based on growth patterns, indicating the need for individualized treatment planning.
Article Synopsis
- Rapid maxillary expansion (RME) impacts the growth of the palate differently based on age, with younger patients (under 10) experiencing more parallel growth compared to older patients (over 12) who see a V-shaped expansion.
- A study involving 60 children and adolescents classified by age showed that while all patients had significant palatal volume increases after RME, older patients had smaller increases, particularly in the posterior region.
- The findings suggest that RME treatment should ideally occur before the age of 10 for more effective palatal volume and morphology changes, as width increases play a more significant role than height changes.
Article Synopsis
- This study examines how rapid maxillary expansion (RME) affects the palatine and midfacial sutures, especially considering age-related differences in patients between 7.3 and 13.8 years old.
- It utilizes cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and dental cast analysis to measure sutural changes and the morphological adaptations of the palate, dividing participants into three age-based groups.
- Results indicate that younger patients show significant increases in palatal width and height, with older patients experiencing more complex changes in sutural responses, altering the shape of the palatine suture as they age.
Objective: Rapid maxillary expansion (RME) is an established and frequently used procedure to overcome maxillary constriction. In-depth studies about morphological changes of the alveolar process and its immediate surroundings are missing. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the treatment effects of a dentally anchored, rapid maxillary expander at different dentition stages upon palatal width, height and shape.
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- A pilot study evaluated a new dental appliance called the skeletonized Pendulum K, designed for molar distalization without relying on an acrylic button attached to the palate for support.
- The study involved 10 patients, where the appliance was directly connected to maxillary premolars and applied distalization forces, leading to an average molar movement of approximately 3.28 mm.
- While the appliance showed effectiveness in molar distalization, there was some minor side effects like molar tipping and mesialization of adjacent teeth, indicating potential challenges with anchorage quality.
Article Synopsis
- The study focuses on comparing the effects of two fixed functional appliances, the Functional Mandibular Advancer (FMA) and the Herbst appliance, on the position of the hyoid bone, epiglottis, and posterior airway space in Class II malocclusion patients who underwent mandibular advancement treatment.
- A total of 42 patients (21 in each group) were treated by the same orthodontist, and measurements were taken before and after the appliance treatment using lateral cephalograms.
- Results indicated that both appliances generally led to an increase in hyoid bone position, while changes in the posterior airway space were not statistically significant, revealing minimal differences between the two groups.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to compare treatment effectiveness between a “bite jumping appliance” (BJA) and an Andresen-Häupl activator for patients with class II malocclusion, focusing on skeletal and dental changes.* -
- 73 patients' pre- and post-treatment cephalometric data were analyzed, revealing that both appliances improved occlusion, but BJA resulted in a greater reduction of overjet and proclination of lower incisors.* -
- The findings suggest that while both appliances are effective, BJA produces more significant dental changes, which is important to consider when choosing treatment methods for patients with already proclined lower incisors.*
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to assess if there are observable changes in the mandibular fossa's shape and structure after treating patients with a Functional Mandibular Advancer (FMA) by using digital tomograms (DT) and comparing it with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
- A total of 25 patients with skeletal class II malocclusion underwent FMA treatment, and their temporomandibular joints were examined both metrically and visually before (T1) and after (T2) the treatment, with no significant changes detected in the morphology or measurements of the joints.
- The findings concluded that there were no alterations in the mandibular fossa post-treatment, and both DT and MRI provided similar results, indicating that DT could
Objective: During therapy of distoclusion entailing a rigid, fixed orthodontic appliance, the mandibular fossa and condyle are ideally remodeled, while dentoalveolar effects occur through adaptive mechanisms. Adaptive processes, especially in the fossa region, have not been adequately investigated. Our magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) investigation aimed to assess the effects of therapy with a functional mandibular advancer (FMA) on mandibular fossa morphology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The objective of the present study is to compare the effects on soft tissue profile in class II patients after treatment with either "Functional Mandibular Advancer" (FMA) or Herbst appliance.
Materials And Methods: The study included n = 42 patients treated with either FMA (n = 21) or Herbst appliance (n = 21) by the same experienced orthodontist. The treatment followed a single-step advancement protocol.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to compare how different orthodontic-orthognathic surgical treatments affect the posterior airway space (PAS) in patients with Class II and Class III malocclusions.
- Researchers analyzed pre- and postsurgical X-rays of 53 Caucasian patients divided into four groups based on their malocclusion type and surgical method, measuring changes at six levels of the PAS.
- Results showed significant increases in PAS measurements, especially in Class II patients undergoing monognathic surgery, while bignathic surgery resulted in less change in both Class II and III patients, highlighting the importance of considering PAS alterations in treatment planning.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to compare skeletal and dental changes in class II patients using two different fixed functional appliances: the FMA and the Herbst appliance, which utilize different biomechanical techniques.
- Forty-two patients were evenly divided between the two appliances, and their lateral cephalograms were analyzed before and after treatment to assess changes in dental and skeletal structure.
- Results showed no significant differences between the appliances in terms of treatment effects, indicating that both mainly achieved corrections through dental changes rather than skeletal ones.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to compare the effects of two orthodontic treatments, the S-II-appliance and the Activator, on the pharyngeal depth of patients.
- Involved 73 patients whose pre- and post-treatment x-rays were analyzed, showing that both treatments resulted in significant increases in pharyngeal depth, particularly in certain measurement levels.
- While both appliances improved pharyngeal depth, specific measurement levels showed statistically significant differences between the two groups, indicating varying effectiveness in certain areas.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare cephalometric changes resulting from treatment with two appliances for rapid maxillary expansion: (1) a strictly tooth-borne appliance and (2) a combined tooth- and bone-borne appliance.
Patients And Methods: Pre- and posttreatment lateral cephalograms of 100 patients were analyzed by cephalometry. Of these patients, 50 were treated with strictly tooth-borne and another 50 with combined tooth- and bone-borne appliances.
We performed this study to describe changes in the soft-tissue profile after orthodontic treatment with Tränkmann's bite-jumping appliances. A total of 69 patients thus treated were compared to a control group of 36 age-matched patients based on cephalograms. Statistical analysis included mean values, standard deviations, t-tests, and Pearson's correlation testing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of Class II treatment with a banded Herbst appliance on root lengths in the posterior dentition.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop
April 2011
Introduction: The aim of this study was a retrospective analysis of posterior teeth in 20 adolescents and young adults with Angle Class II Division 1 malocclusion treated with a banded Herbst appliance to check for inhibited root development and apical root resorption.
Methods: Panoramic radiographs were taken of every patient at the beginning and after the completion of functional orthopedic treatment. The magnification of the area of the posterior teeth was determined individually for every radiograph.