A prospective pilot study using a low power piggy-back toric implantable Collamer lens to correct residual refractive error after multifocal IOL implantation.

Purpose: To assess whether residual refractive error after in-the-bag multifocal intraocular lens (mIOL) implantation can efficaciously and safely be corrected with a piggy-back low power Visian Toric Implantable Collamer Lens (VTICL, STAAR Surgical) placed in the ciliary sulcus.

Patients And Methods: Twenty-four eyes of 23 patients (mean age: 57.5 years) with diminished uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) of ≥2 lines due to residual refractive error after mIOL implantation were included in the study.

UVA irradiation of riboflavin generates oxygen-dependent hydroxyl radicals.

Objectives/methods: The aim of this study was to verify the formation of hydroxyl radicals (·OH) after ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation of riboflavin (RF) by spin trapping with 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO), and electron spin resonance spectroscopy.

Results: We found that ·OH were generated via hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) formation during UVA irradiation of RF. The ·OH radicals were trapped with DMPO yielding 2-hydroxy-5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (·DMPO-OH).