[Pefloxacin + metronidazole versus netilmicin + metronidazole in the prevention of nosocomial infections in contaminated surgery. Pefloxacin Study Group].

Pefloxacin plus metronidazole versus netilmicin plus metronidazole in the prevention of nosocomial infections during contaminated surgery. Surgical prophylaxis is widely used in contaminated surgery, especially colorectal surgery. In this clinical trial the efficacy of pefloxacin 800 mg i.

[Pefloxacin versus ceftriaxone in single-dose antibiotic prophylaxis in general clean-contaminated surgery. The Pefloxacin Study Group].

Single-shot surgical prophylaxis is today used in all clean-contaminated surgery, because it is able to reduce the incidence of post-surgical infections. The aim of this clinical trial is to evaluate the efficacy of Pefloxacin 800 mg i.v.

[The natural history of breast cancer. The impact of prevention and therapy].

Four periods are recognizable in breast carcinoma treatment: the first period can be called as "era of the incurable disease". It begins at the arising of the mankind and lasts up to the end of the 19th century. During this period the disease was usually diagnosed in far advanced stage and any therapeutical attempt was unable to cure a significant percentage of patients.

[Frequency of surgical wound infections in patients treated with a barrier procedure. Multicentric study].

In 3088 patients submitted to various surgical procedures an open clinical trial was carried out to evaluate the rare of surgical wound infections (SWI). All of them were treated, before and after surgery, with a foam emulsion (Bioshield) considered, from a theoretical point of view, to be able decrease the bacterial contamination of the surgical wounds. The SWI rate was really low (congruent to 2.

[Sulbactam-ampicillin in surgery. Our experience].

The bacterial infections constitute a serious problem for the surgeon: the choice of antibiotic drugs is really important and, as often as possible, should be guided by antibiotic sensitivity tests. In this study we used sulbactam-ampicillin (Unasyn) who is an antibiotic combination between sulbactam, inhibitor of beta lactam and ampicillin. The preliminary results were as follows: Unasyn was administered to 21 hospitalized selected patients, 16 women and 5 man, who had clinical signs of intraabdominal infection, wound infection and subphrenic abscess after digestive surgery.

[Evolution of the bacteria responsible for surgical infection. n 8-year study in our department].

Since 1981 we monitored all the bacteria strains isolated from patients bearing a surgical infection and hospitalized in our department. We also tested the susceptibility of the isolated strains to different antibiotics. The observed results at three different intervals (1981, 1984, 1987-1988) reveal an increase in Gram+strains.

Prevention and control of surgical infections.

Surveillance and control of hospital infections are two particularly important aspects of the surgical ward, and great activity is necessary in the identification and the elimination of the risk factors whenever possible. Today the rational use of antibiotics, in both the prevention and treatment of infections, should be used to avoid or limit nosocomial infections, and it is as important as the use of disinfectants. Cefotetan has been studied in different surgical specialties in prophylaxis and treatment of postoperative infections for its particularly broad spectrum of activity, covering both aerobic and anaerobic organisms, and for the very low incidence of side-effects.

Adjuvant chemotherapy with fluorouracil and CCNU in colon cancer. Results of a multicentric randomized study.

To establish the effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with colon cancer after radical surgery, from 1980 to December 1983, 263 patients were randomized in a multicentric study to no further treatment (131 patients) or to a combination of fluorouracil (5-FU) (400 mg/m2 i.v., days 1-5) and lomustine (CCNU) (100 mg/m2 per os on day 5) every 6 weeks for 9 cycles (132 patients).

Treatment of postoperative infections with a single daily dose of ceftriaxone: analysis of international issues.

The results of 13 clinical trials were analysed in order to define the efficacy of ceftriaxone (Rocephin) when given alone and in a single daily dose in the treatment of postoperative infections. In a total of 306 evaluable patients, many of whom were suffering from severe infections, the global clinical success rate was about 90%. The drug was very well tolerated.

Effect of bile salts on carbonic anhydrase from rat and human gastric mucosa.

Gastric carbonic anhydrase (CA) is believed to play an important role related to cytoprotection, and duodenogastric reflux of bile salts (BS) is suspected of having a causal role in many pathologic conditions. Thus, we decided to investigate the effect of free and conjugated BS on human and rat gastric CA activity. Cholate exerted the most potent inhibitory activity on both human (I50 = 2.

Effectiveness of defibrotide for prophylaxis of deep venous thrombosis after general surgery: a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

The prophylactic activity of defibrotide, a new extractive antithrombotic-thrombolytic agent of mammalian origin, was assessed by detection of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in patients who underwent general elective surgery. 120 patients (aged 25-85 years, mean 55.6) were randomly assigned to defibrotide (60 patients) or to placebo (60 patients).

Effects of buflomedil in a group of patients with chronic peripheral arterial diseases. Clinical and hemorheological evaluation.

Fifty-three patients suffering from chronic arterial diseases of the lower limbs were treated with buflomedil, a vasoactive drug with vasodilating and hemorheological action on the microcirculation. The patients suffered from pain on walking or pain at rest; they were given 300 mg buflomedil orally twice a day for a period of about 2 months. The walking distance before pain onset was checked in all patients before and after the trial.