Probiotics for treating acute infectious diarrhoea.

Background: Probiotics may be effective in reducing the duration of acute infectious diarrhoea.

Objectives: To assess the effects of probiotics in proven or presumed acute infectious diarrhoea.

Search Methods: We searched the trials register of the Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group, MEDLINE, and Embase from inception to 17 December 2019, as well as the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (Issue 12, 2019), in the Cochrane Library, and reference lists from studies and reviews.

Polymer-based oral rehydration solution for treating acute watery diarrhoea.

Background: Acute diarrhoea is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality among children in low-income countries. Glucose-based oral rehydration solution (ORS) helps replace fluid and prevent further dehydration from acute diarrhoea. Since 2004, the World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended the osmolarity of less than 270 mOsm/L (ORS ≤ 270) versus greater than 310 mOsm/L formulation (ORS ≥ 310).

Etiology, incidence and outcomes of acute hepatic failure in 0-18 year old Filipino children.

Data on the epidemiology of acute hepatic failure (AHF) among pediatric Filipinos is limited. This study investigated the etiology, outcomes and incidence of AHF among 0-18 year old Filipino children. A hospital-based retrospective and prospective surveillance study was conducted at Philippine General Hospital between January 2000 and December 2006.

Early versus Delayed Refeeding for Children with Acute Diarrhoea.

Background: Acute diarrhoea is one of the principal causes of morbidity and mortality among children in low-income countries.  The cornerstone of treatment is oral rehydration therapy and dietary management.  However, there is a lack of data and studies on both the timing and type of feeding that should be adopted during the course of the illness.

Probiotics for treating acute infectious diarrhoea.

Background: Probiotics may offer a safe intervention in acute infectious diarrhoea to reduce the duration and severity of the illness.

Objectives: To assess the effects of probiotics in proven or presumed acute infectious diarrhoea.

Search Strategy: We searched the Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group's trials register (July 2010), the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (The Cochrane Library Issue 2, 2010), MEDLINE (1966 to July 2010), EMBASE (1988 to July 2010), and reference lists from studies and reviews.

High incidence of zinc deficiency among Filipino children with compensated and decompensated liver disease.

Background And Aim: The role of zinc in the nutrition and growth of children with chronic liver disease is poorly defined. The present study determined the serum zinc levels of children with compensated liver disease (CLD) and decompensated liver disease (DLD) and compared this with healthy children. Zinc levels were also correlated with the severity of liver disease as measured by Child-Pugh scores.

Polymer-based oral rehydration solution for treating acute watery diarrhoea.

Background: Acute diarrhoea is one of the principal causes of morbidity and mortality among children in low-income countries. Glucose-based ORS helps replace fluid and prevent further dehydration from acute diarrhoea. Since 2004, the World Health Organization has recommended the osmolarity < 270 mOsm/L (ORS 310 mOsm/L formulation (ORS >/= 310).

Zinc supplementation reduced cost and duration of acute diarrhea in children.

Objective: To determine whether zinc with oral rehydration solution (ORS) is more cost effective than ORS alone in the treatment of acute diarrhea.

Study Design And Setting: Cost-effectiveness analysis among patients consulting the emergency room of a government institution.

Method: Cost of treatment and outcome of participants of a randomized trial of zinc+ORS vs.

Low incidence of alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency among Filipinos with neonatal cholestatis.

Aim: Alpha 1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is the most common genetic cause of liver disease in children. The Pi*S carrier rate among Filipinos is <1%. Its significance in Filipino infants with neonatal cholestasis has not been investigated.

Organ and non-organ specific autoantibody titres and IgG levels as markers of disease activity: a longitudinal study in childhood autoimmune liver disease.

No longitudinal study has investigated whether autoantibody titres and serum IgG levels correlate with disease activity in autoimmune liver disease. To determine this, we investigated prospectively 19 patients on 254 occasions between 10 months to 5 years from diagnosis. Nine had anti-nuclear and/or anti-smooth muscle antibody (ANA/SMA) positive autoimmune hepatitis (type 1 AIH), 5 liver kidney microsomal type 1 (LKM-1) positive AIH (type 2 AIH) and 5 ANA/SMA positive autoimmune sclerosing cholangitis (ASC).