Factors predicting 12-month retention in care for minority women living with HIV.

Objectives: Retention in HIV medical care is associated with improved clinical outcomes and reduced mortality. The present study was conducted to identify significant predictors of 1-year retention in care for a sample of minority women whose engagement in HIV care at baseline varied along the care continuum from newly diagnosed to lost-to-care.

Methods: One hundred sixty-five cisgender and transgender women living with HIV in a southern US state were offered a multicomponent retention intervention that included outreach, medical case management (MCM), patient navigation services (PN), and a group intervention for stigma.

Efficacy and safety of Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir in the treatment of mixed cryo-globulinemia due to chronic hepatitis C cirrhosis in a patient with chronic kidney disease.

Background: Currently, direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) are the first-line treatment for patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and mixed cryoglobulinemia syndrome (MCS). However, the prognosis is variable as the achievement of sustained virological response (SVR) is not always associated with clinical remission of MCS.

Case Report: We describe a case of CHC-MCS treated with the new DAA combination Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB).

Iatrogenic injury of the intrathoracic oesophagus with bougie during sleeve gastrectomy.

One of the most popular procedures amongst obesity surgery is the sleeve gastrectomy. There is international consensus regarding the usage of bougie for sleeve gastrectomy calibration. Nevertheless, there is a dissociation between the number of oesophageal perforations reported for any other oesophageal/gastric operation that requires bougie (e.

Pancreatitis of the gastroduodenal groove: a case report.

Groove pancreatitis, a form of chronic pancreatitis affecting the head of the pancreas, is localized within the groove between the pancreas head, duodenum, and common bile duct. We report a case of a male patient with groove pancreatitis who initially underwent a duodenal preserving gastrenteranastomosis. Unfortunately, the patient's symptoms were only partially controlled, necessitating a pancreaticoduodenectomy in due course as the definite surgical restoration procedure.

Breast cancer: from the earliest times through to the end of the 20th century.

Breast cancer is a daunting disease and constitutes a continuing medical health problem through the ages for millions of women worldwide. Physicians, from the early periods of recorded history have tried to heal breast cancer patients, with results that were fairly promising at times and disappointing at others. The science of medicine evolved through the ages under the careful scrutiny and critical thought of the many prominent scholars and researchers of their times who constantly added to the therapeutic armamentarium.

Lead hazards for pregnant women and children: part 2: more can still be done to reduce the chance of exposure to lead in at-risk populations.

In the United States the risk of lead exposure is far higher among poor, urban, and immigrant populations than among other groups. And even slightly elevated blood lead levels increase children's risk of significant neurobehavioral problems extending through adolescence. Research has shown that blood lead levels in pregnant women well below the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's "level of concern" of 10 micrograms per deciliter can cause miscarriage, premature birth, low birth weight, and subsequent developmental delays in their children.

Lead hazards for pregnant women and children: part 1: immigrants and the poor shoulder most of the burden of lead exposure in this country. Part 1 of a two-part article details how exposure happens, whom it affects, and the harm it can do.

Poor, urban, and immigrant populations are at far greater risk for lead exposure than are other groups in the United States. Children with even slightly elevated blood lead levels are at increased risk for significant neurobehavioral problems that can extend through adolescence. Research has shown that elevated blood lead levels in pregnant women, even those well below 10 micrograms per deciliter-the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's "level of concern"-can cause miscarriage, premature birth, low birth weight, and subsequent developmental delays in their children.

Respiratory tract infections in a military recruit setting: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Acute respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are an important cause of morbidity in the military setting. Respiratory viruses are the most frequently implicated pathogens, especially adenovirus and respiratory syncytial virus. We performed this study to investigate the role of factors such as obesity, cigarette smoking, and educational level on the development of respiratory tract infections in a military recruit setting.

From the roots of parasitology: Hippocrates' first scientific observations in helminthology.

Although knowledge of intestinal parasites predates Hippocrates, the Hippocratic Corpus provides the first scientific observations about the clinical perception and treatment of helminthic diseases. These observations follow the scientific principles of Hippocrates, the father of modern medicine, who relied on knowledge and observation. This article is based on a systematic study of the Hippocratic texts, and presents observations on diseases caused by intestinal parasites with respect to regularity of appearance, patient age, symptoms, and treatment.

Spondylodiscitis due to Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an increasingly recognized cause of severe nosocomial infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. Community-acquired infections have also been reported. Spondylodiscitis due to S.

Serologic indices of hepatitis B virus infection in military recruits in Greece (2004-2005).

Background: The prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in Greece has been decreasing over the last decades. However, recent epidemiological data are lacking.

Methods: We studied 1,840 Army recruits from 05/2004 until 10/2005, and performed serological testing for HBsAg, anti-HBsAg, and anti-HBcAg.

Prevalence and predictors of tuberculin skin positivity in Hellenic Army recruits.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading causes of death among infectious diseases worldwide. Despite its low incidence rates in countries of Western Europe and North America, the resurgence of TB in Eastern Europe and the increased immigration from high-incidence countries imply that extreme vigilance is required in order to detect early, treat, and isolate all new cases. In this study, we analyzed the prevalence and predictors of tuberculin skin testing positivity in Hellenic Army recruits.

Autoimmune hepatitis in an HIV infected patient that responded to antiretroviral therapy.

Autoimmune hepatitis is a rare disease with unclear pathogenesis. Several viruses have been proposed to act as triggering agents for the inflammatory process of the disease; however, HIV has only very rarely been reported to be associated. We report a case of a patient with autoimmune hepatitis and HIV infection.

Impact of HIV/AIDS education on health care provider practice: results from nine grantees of the Special Projects of National Significance Program.

The study assessed the impact of health care provider HIV/AIDS education and training on patient care from nine Special Projects of National Significance. Telephone interviews were conducted with 218 health care providers within 8 months, on average, following completion of training. Respondents provided examples of how the SPNS trainings affected their provision of patient/client care.

Is stealing a gateway crime?

Stealing behaviors are common among youth and adolescents and often begin in early ages due to a variety of developmental, behavioral, and social factors. This study explores the prevalence of stealing behaviors in a South Texas juvenile detention facility. Researchers discovered stealing was the most frequently reported offense followed by the lack of supervision.

Finding the underserved: directions for HIV care in the future.

The demographic, behavior, and background characteristics of 4,804 participants in 17 national demonstration projects for HIV medical and/or psychosocial support services were coded for an index of "service need" or possible under-representation in the traditional healthcare system. Fifteen items were coded including status as a person of color, lack of private insurance, unemployment/disability, problem drinking, crack cocaine use, heroin use, other illicit drug use, less than 12 years of education, criminal justice system involvement, children requiring care while the patient receives services, sex work, being the sex partner of an injection drug user, unstable housing, primary language not English, and age less than 21 or over 55 years. Most (87.

Perceived barriers to receiving HIV services in groups of traditionally underserved individuals: empirical models.

Persons living with HIV/AIDS face many issues that make them highly vulnerable to a number of health and social problems. As the demographics of the epidemic have shifted in recent years, many members of traditionally underserved groups have encountered barriers to entering the services system. This article uses data from seven national demonstration projects funded to enroll persons with HIV/AIDS who tend to "fall through the cracks" and help them access needed services.

Unmet needs in groups of traditionally underserved individuals with HIV/AIDS: empirical models.

Over the course of the HIV epidemic, the demographics of the populations of affected individuals have changed. Groups that traditionally have been underserved in systems of care have a number of unmet service needs. This article presents results based on data from 478 patients in five national demonstration projects which were funded to enroll individuals from traditionally underserved groups and to help them access services using different strategies.

Service needs and factors related to quality of life at time of service enrollment among persons living with HIV.

This article explores the relationships of HIV risk factors, service needs, and vulnerabilities to health-related quality of life in a sample of 1,371 participants newly enrolled into 13 innovative HIV/AIDS treatment model service demonstration projects. These projects targeted services to traditionally underserved populations. Eight distinct quality of life clusters of HIV patients were used in this analysis along with patient self-identified risk factors.

Typology of quality of life experiences among persons living with HIV.

This article develops a typology of 2,038 participants in 13 innovative HIV/AIDS treatment model service demonstration projects targeted to traditionally underserved populations. The typology is based on self-reported health-related quality of life levels. Eight clusters were identified that classify HIV/AIDS patients based on their reported health-related quality of life.