Clinical and Autopsy Diagnoses of Visceral Affections of Patients Who Died Because of Complicated Burns with Multi-organ Failure.

The anatomicopathological investigations carried out in a total number of 186 cadavers during the last decade were reviewed. In these retrospective studies of necropsy protocols related to different affections of visceral organ systems that evolved asymptomatically, 30.1% involved the neurological system, 36.

Unusual vascular ring anomaly associated with a persistent right aortic arch in two dogs.

An unusual vascular ring anomaly consisting of a persistent right aortic arch and a left ligamentum arteriosum extending from the main pulmonary artery to an aberrant left subclavian artery and left aortic arch remnant complex was identified in a German shepherd dog and a great Dane. The left subclavian artery and left aortic arch remnant complex originated at the junction between the right distal aortic arch and the descending aorta and coursed dorsal to the oesophagus in a cranial direction. The attachment of the ligamentum arteriosum to the aberrant left subclavian artery was approximately 5 cm cranial to the point of origin of the aberrant left subclavian artery and left aortic arch remnant complex from the descending aorta in both dogs.

Adipokine gene expression in dog adipose tissues and dog white adipocytes differentiated in primary culture.

Obesity and its associated disorders are increasing in companion animals, particularly in dogs. We have investigated whether genes encoding key adipokines, some of which are implicated in the pathologies linked to obesity, are expressed in canine adipose tissues. Using RT-PCR, mRNAs encoding the following adipokines were detected in dog white adipose tissue: adiponectin, leptin, angiotensinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, IL-6, haptoglobin, metallothionein-1 and 2, and nerve growth factor.

Hypocobalaminaemia is uncommon in cats in the United Kingdom.

Recent work has highlighted the importance of cobalamin deficiency in cats with a range of alimentary tract diseases. The primary aim of our study was to determine the incidence of subnormal cobalamin concentrations in sick cats with and without alimentary system disorders. Firstly, serum cobalamin concentrations were measured in a population of cats, with and without gastrointestinal (GI) disease, evaluated at a referral hospital.

Effect of intestinal inflammation on fecal elastase concentration in dogs.

Background: A commercially available ELISA kit for fecal elastase measurement can be used in the diagnosis of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) in dogs. However, other causes of diarrhea also may affect fecal elastase concentration.

Objective: This study was undertaken to determine whether intestinal inflammation alters fecal elastase concentration in dogs.

Oesophageal strictures in cats associated with doxycycline therapy.

Four cases of oesophageal stricture subsequent to doxycycline administration are reported. All cases were young to middle age (median age 3 years; range 1-7 years), and either domestic shorthair or domestic longhair breed. In all cases the predominant clinical sign was regurgitation, which developed at variable times after doxycycline administration.

Metabolomics: an emerging post-genomic tool for nutrition.

The post-genomic era has been driven by the development of technologies that allow the function of cells and whole organisms to be explored at the molecular level. Metabolomics is concerned with the measurement of global sets of low-molecular-weight metabolites. Metabolite profiles of body fluids or tissues can be regarded as important indicators of physiological or pathological states.

Appendicular arterial tumor embolization in two cats with pulmonary carcinoma.

A 13-year-old neutered male Persian cat and an 11-year-old neutered female Persian cat were examined because of an acute onset of lameness. In both cats, conscious proprioception and reflexes were diminished in the affected limb. In 1 cat, no blood flow was detected in the left brachial artery with a Doppler ultrasonic flow detector, whereas blood flow in the right brachial artery was easily documented.

Children in side-impact motor vehicle crashes: seating positions and injury mechanisms.

Background: This study aimed to describe the injury mechanisms of children involved in side-impact car crashes, particularly as these relate to seating position, and to estimate the danger of the near-side seating position.

Methods: A prospective two-center study of children involved in severe car crashes in Canada was conducted as well as a retrospective cohort study of children involved in crashes reported in the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) and the National Automotive Sampling System: Crashworthiness Data System (NASS CDS).

Results: Children sitting at the side the car was struck (near-side position) sustained severe head, trunk, and limb injuries.

Multicentric lymphoma in a dog after cyclosporine therapy.

An 11-year-old, neutered male German shepherd dog was presented with perianal ulceration and fistulas. A clinical diagnosis of anal furunculosis was made, and the dog was treated with cyclosporine and ketoconazole. The perianal lesions resolved.

FIP: a novel approach to vaccination. Proceedings from the 2nd International FCoV/FIP Symposium, Glasgow, 4-7 August 2002.

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a fatal disease of cats. Early attempts at vaccination have been unsuccessful, some even serving to exacerbate the disease through antibody-dependent enhancement. Replication-incompetent feline foamy virus (FFV) transducing vectors are being developed as potential vaccine agents, into which immunogenic fragments of feline coronavirus (FCoV) proteins will be inserted.

Trilostane therapy for treatment of pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism in 5 cats.

Hyperadrenocorticism is a rare syndrome in cats. Current medical therapy is unsatisfactory and prognosis for long-term survival with surgical treatment is guarded. We report on 5 cats treated with the 3-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibitor trilostane.

Rhinitis/Bronchopneumonia syndrome in Irish Wolfhounds.

This study describes the clinical, immunologic, genetic, and pathologic features of Irish Wolfhounds with rhinitis/bronchopneumonia syndrome. The dogs examined were from Belgium, The Netherlands, UK, Canada, Germany, and Switzerland. Signs included transient to persistent mucoid or mucopurulent rhinorrhea, cough, and respiratory dyspnea.

Sterile nodular panniculitis and pansteatitis in three weimaraners.

The clinical and pathological findings in three unrelated weimaraners with pyrexia and multiple subcutaneous nodules are reported. Abdominal pain was an additional feature in two of the dogs and clinical investigations revealed inflammation of subcutaneous, mesenteric and falciform fat. Histopathological findings were consistent with pansteatitis.

Analysis of canine and feline haemograms using the VetScan HMT analyser.

The VetScan HMT is an impedance counter haematology analyser which produces a full blood count and three-part white blood cell differential. The aim of this study was to compare the results generated by the analyser with those obtained by standard methods used routinely in the authors' laboratory. Blood samples from 68 dogs and 59 cats were run on the VetScan HMT analyser and also subjected to reference methods, and the results obtained were compared.

Fecal alpha1-proteinase inhibitor concentration in dogs receiving long-term nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy.

Background: Fecal alpha(1)-proteinase inhibitor (alpha(1)-PI) clearance is a reliable, noninvasive marker for protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) in human beings. An assay for measurement of this protein in the dog has been developed and validated and may be useful for the investigation of gastrointestinal disease in this species. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) frequently are administered to dogs and may have adverse effects on the gastrointestinal tract, including gastroduodenal ulceration and altered mucosal permeability.

Antibody responses of naive cattle to two inactivated bovine viral diarrhoea virus vaccines, measured by indirect and blocking ELISAS and virus neutralisation.

Two groups of naive heifers were given primary courses of two inactivated bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) virus vaccines licensed for use in the UK. Their humoral responses in serum and milk were assayed by means of an indirect ELISA detecting antibodies to structural viral glycoproteins, a blocking ELISA specific for antibodies to the non-structural protein NS2-3 and the virus neutralisation test (VNT). For each assay, the numbers of serum or milk samples testing positive at each sample point and the mean values were determined.

Ejections of young children in motor vehicle crashes.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to report the incidence of ejection from the vehicle among children involved in motor vehicle crashes, and to describe a novel mode of ejection from child safety seats.

Methods: The U.S.

Fecal alpha1-proteinase inhibitor concentration in dogs with chronic gastrointestinal disease.

Background: Fecal alpha(1)-proteinase inhibitor (alpha(1)-PI) clearance is a reliable, noninvasive marker for protein-losing enteropathy in human beings. An assay for use in dogs has been developed and validated.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate fecal alpha(1)-PI concentration in dogs with chronic gastrointestinal disease, compared with healthy dogs, and to assess its correlation with serum albumin concentration.

Comparison of direct and indirect tests for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and antibiotic-responsive diarrhea in dogs.

Controversy exists over the diagnosis of idiopathic small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in dogs and some clinicians use the term antibiotic-responsive diarrhea (ARD) in preference. However, whether such terms are interchangeable is not clear. To examine the relationship between duodenal bacterial numbers and a clinical response to antibiotics, SIBO and ARD were defined by nonoverlapping criteria.

Chronic intestinal inflammation and intestinal disease in dogs.

Normal individuals maintain tolerance to the endogenous bacterial flora residing within their alimentary tract, a phenomenon mediated by the gastrointestinal lymphoid tissue. Loss of this tolerance is a key factor in the development of chronic intestinal inflammation. Manifestations of such uncontrolled inflammation in humans include inflammatory bowel disease and celiac disease.

Pestiviral infections in sheep and pigs in Northern Ireland.

Serological surveys were carried out to determine the prevalence of pestiviral infections in sheep and pigs in Northern Ireland. Sera from 918 ewes in 92 flocks from 10 regions were tested by ELISA for antibodies to border disease virus and positive results were obtained from 49 ewes (5.3 per cent) in 28 flocks (30.

Eosinophilic diseases in two Cavalier King Charles spaniels.

This report describes the clinical presentation of two Cavalier King Charles spaniels with different eosinophilic diseases. The first case presented with dyspnoea and a non-productive cough, and investigations demonstrated eosinophilic bronchopneumonopathy. The second dog was referred for the investigation of haemorrhagic vomiting and diarrhoea and was eventually diagnosed with eosinophilic enteritis.

[Reaction kinetics of hydrolysis of animal fat by pancreatic lipase].

Hydrolysis of lipids from beef fat by pancreatic lipase was studied. Maximal release of free fatty acids was shown to take place for the first 3 h of experiment. After this, transetherification developed.