Academic Detailing Interventions and Evidence-Based Prescribing: A Systematic Review.

Importance: Academic detailing (interactive educational outreach) is a widely used strategy to encourage evidence-based prescribing by clinicians.

Objective: To evaluate academic detailing programs targeted at improving prescribing behavior and describe program aspects associated with positive outcomes.

Evidence Review: A systematic search of MEDLINE from April 1, 2007, through December 31, 2022, was performed for randomized trials and nonrandomized studies of academic detailing interventions to improve prescribing.

[Fertility counseling: a new care to be developed in France].

Objective: The abandonment of the criterion of pathological infertility in ART and the societal preservation of fertility (FP) are the founders of a new practice which puts the parental project at the center of the support. It is in this context that the University Hospital of Nancy fertility Center has created fertility counselling (FC) care, allowing anyone single or in a couple who wishes to learn about their fertility access to fertility specialists in order to be informed by professionals of the medical, biological and regulatory possibilities of access to parenthood.

Methods: We conducted a single-center retrospective observational study from January 1, 2020, to April 30, 2023, in the Nancy Fertility Center.

Effect of hyaluronic acid on palatal wound healing: A systematic review.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of topically applied hyaluronic acid on wound healing (patient-reported outcomes and clinical healing) after a palatal autogenous gingival graft is harvested.

Materials And Methods: A systematic search was performed in April 2024 in eleven electronic databases. Two investigators independently screened the references for inclusion.

The Catalan initiative for the Earth BioGenome Project: contributing local data to global biodiversity genomics.

The Catalan Initiative for the Earth BioGenome Project (CBP) is an EBP-affiliated project network aimed at sequencing the genome of the >40 000 eukaryotic species estimated to live in the Catalan-speaking territories (Catalan Linguistic Area, CLA). These territories represent a biodiversity hotspot. While covering less than 1% of Europe, they are home to about one fourth of all known European eukaryotic species.

Translocator protein (TSPO) genotype does not change cerebrospinal fluid levels of glial activation, axonal and synaptic damage markers in early Alzheimer's disease.

Background: PET imaging of the translocator protein (TSPO) is used to assess in vivo brain inflammation. One of the main methodological issues with this method is the allelic dependence of the radiotracer affinity. In Alzheimer's disease (AD), previous studies have shown similar clinical and patho-biological profiles between TSPO genetic subgroups.

Ethical guidance for conducting health research with online communities: A scoping review of existing guidance.

Online research methods have grown in popularity due in part to the globalised and far-reaching nature of the internet but also linked to the Covid-19 pandemic whereby restrictions to travel and face to face contact necessitated a shift in methods of research recruitment and data collection. Ethical guidance exists to support researchers in conducting online research, however this is lacking within health fields. This scoping review aims to synthesise formal ethical guidance for applying online methods within health research as well as provide examples of where guidance has been used.

Embodying loving kindness: Examining self-compassionate writing tasks and body satisfaction among transgender and non-binary people.

Using an experimental posttest-only control group design, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of self-compassionate writing exercises on transgender and non-binary participants' body satisfaction, gender identity pride, and internalized transphobia. A total of 238 transgender people participated in this study (M = 28.27, SD = 8.

Clinical heterogeneity of neuro-inflammatory PET profiles in early Alzheimer's disease.

The relationship between neuroinflammation and cognition remains uncertain in early Alzheimer's disease (AD). We performed a cross-sectional study to assess how neuroinflammation is related to cognition using TSPO PET imaging and a multi-domain neuropsychological assessment. A standard uptake value ratio (SUVR) analysis was performed to measure [F]-DPA-714 binding using the cerebellar cortex or the whole brain as a (pseudo)reference region.

Inpatient Decongestive Therapy for Lymphedema in Acute Postsurgical Head and Neck Cancer Patients.

 Head and neck lymphedema is an omnipresent morbidity related to head and neck cancer therapies. Studies on therapy for these patients in the acute postsurgical population have not been published to date.  To assess changes in the measurements of lymphedema in surgical head and neck cancer patients during the hospital stay with implementation of modified decongestive therapy (MDT).

Proteomic discovery of chemical probes that perturb protein complexes in human cells.

Most human proteins lack chemical probes, and several large-scale and generalizable small-molecule binding assays have been introduced to address this problem. How compounds discovered in such "binding-first" assays affect protein function, nonetheless, often remains unclear. Here, we describe a "function-first" proteomic strategy that uses size exclusion chromatography (SEC) to assess the global impact of electrophilic compounds on protein complexes in human cells.

Impact of the Thompson method on breastfeeding exclusivity and duration: Multi-method design.

Background: How hospital clinicians facilitate breastfeeding in the first 48-72 h is critical to breastfeeding exclusivity and duration. Mothers who discharge hospital directly breastfeeding are more likely to continue exclusively breastfeeding at 3-months.

Objective: To assess the impact of facility-wide implementation of a physiological breastfeeding method (the Thompson method) on direct breastfeeding at hospital discharge and exclusive breastfeeding at 3-months of age.

Decoupling of mRNA and Protein Expression in Aging Brains Reveals the Age-Dependent Adaptation of Specific Gene Subsets.

During aging, changes in gene expression are associated with a decline in physical and cognitive abilities. Here, we investigate the connection between changes in mRNA and protein expression in the brain by comparing the transcriptome and proteome of the mouse cortex during aging. Our transcriptomic analysis revealed that aging mainly triggers gene activation in the cortex.

Association between megakaryocyte abnormalities on bone marrow smear and response to thrombopoietin receptor agonists in adult patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia.

Impaired platelet production is a mechanism of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Morphological abnormalities of megakaryocytes (MKs) are sometimes observed in this disease. Two studies have suggested an association between MK abnormalities and response to corticosteroids in primary ITP, but none have investigated this association for thrombopoietin-receptor agonists (TPO-RAs).

Molecular Characterization of Fungal Biodiversity in Long-Term Polychlorinated Biphenyl-Contaminated Soils.

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) belong to the organic pollutants that are toxic to humans and harmful to environments. Numerous studies dealing with the impact of PCBs on soil microorganisms have focused on bacterial communities. The effects of PCBs on fungal communities in three different PCB-polluted soils from former industrial sites were investigated using high-throughput sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer 1 region.

Phospholipase Cγ2 regulates endocannabinoid and eicosanoid networks in innate immune cells.

Human genetic studies have pointed to a prominent role for innate immunity and lipid pathways in immunological and neurodegenerative disorders. Our understanding of the composition and function of immunomodulatory lipid networks in innate immune cells, however, remains incomplete. Here, we show that phospholipase Cγ2 (PLCγ2 or PLCG2)-mutations in which are associated with autoinflammatory disorders and Alzheimer's disease-serves as a principal source of diacylglycerol (DAG) pools that are converted into a cascade of bioactive endocannabinoid and eicosanoid lipids by DAG lipase (DAGL) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MGLL) enzymes in innate immune cells.

MPS VI associated ocular phenotypes in an MPS VI murine model and the therapeutic effects of odiparcil treatment.

Maroteaux - Lamy syndrome (mucopolysaccharidosis type VI, MPS VI) is a lysosomal storage disease resulting from insufficient enzymatic activity for degradation of the specific glycosaminoglycans (GAG) chondroitin sulphate (CS) and dermatan sulphate (DS). Among the most pronounced MPS VI clinical manifestations caused by cellular accumulation of excess CS and DS are eye disorders, in particular those that affect the cornea. Ocular manifestations are not treated by the current standard of care, enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), leaving patients with a significant unmet need.

Multivariate Analysis of the Failure Risk of First Tracheal Intubation Attempt in a Population of Patients Scheduled for Bariatric Surgery.

Background: Airway management during the administration of anesthesia to patients undergoing bariatric surgery is challenging. The goal is to avoid multiple intubation attempts because the risk of complications increases with the number of attempts. The objective of this study was to determine the failed first intubation attempt rate, as well as variables associated with this failure, in patients undergoing bariatric surgery.

Potentiality of Native Ascomycete Strains in Bioremediation of Highly Polychlorinated Biphenyl Contaminated Soils.

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are organic pollutants that are harmful to environment and toxic to humans. Numerous studies, based on basidiomycete strains, have reported unsatisfactory results in the mycoremediation of PCB-contaminated soils mainly due to the non-telluric origin of these strains. The abilities of a five-Ascomycete-strain consortium in the mycoremediation of PCB-polluted soils and its performance to restore their sound functioning were investigated using mesocosm experiments associated with chromatography gas analysis and enzymatic activity assays.

Migrant health situation when detained in European immigration detention centres: a synthesis of extant qualitative literature.

Purpose: Many migrants are detained in Europe not because they have committed a crime but because of lack of certainty over their immigration status. Although generally in good physical health on entry to Europe, migrant detainees have complex health needs, often related to mental health. Very little is known about the current health situation and health care needs of migrants when detained in European immigration detention settings.

SLAP2 Adaptor Binding Disrupts c-CBL Autoinhibition to Activate Ubiquitin Ligase Function.

CBL is a RING type E3 ubiquitin ligase that functions as a negative regulator of tyrosine kinase signaling and loss of CBL E3 function is implicated in several forms of leukemia. The Src-like adaptor proteins (SLAP/SLAP2) bind to CBL and are required for CBL-dependent downregulation of antigen receptor, cytokine receptor, and receptor tyrosine kinase signaling. Despite the established role of SLAP/SLAP2 in regulating CBL activity, the nature of the interaction and the mechanisms involved are not known.

Service provision and barriers to care for men who have sex with men engaging in chemsex and sexualised drug use in England.

Background: Chemsex and sexualised drug use (SDU) among men who have sex with men (MSM) has become a public health issue because of its associated sexual risks. Some MSM engaging in SDU require further help and support, but it is not clear if this need is being met. This research seeks to understand MSM and service provider (SP) perspectives of the current standard of service provision for MSM engaging in SDU.

"Belt and braces approach; added benefit and … extra reassurance": a multi-stakeholder examination of the challenges to effective provision of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Northern and Central England.

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) involves HIV negative individuals taking antiretroviral drugs to reduce the probability of infection if exposed and is available through the IMPACT trial in England. This study aimed to explore men who have sex with men (MSM) and service provider (SP) perspectives on provision and accessibility of PrEP in Northern and Central England. Twenty MSM and 25 SPs from four Northern cities and one city in the West Midlands region were recruited for semi-structured interviews (December 2018 to October 2019).

Screening and metabolic potential of fungal strains isolated from contaminated soil and sediment in the polychlorinated biphenyl degradation.

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are widespread persistent pollutants deleterious for environment and very dangerous for human kind. As the bioremediation of PCB polluted sites by model white-rot fungi is still unsatisfactory, the use of efficient native strains which have the natural capacity to develop on polluted sites may constitute a relevant alternative strategy. In this study, we isolated 12 fungal strains from PCB contaminated soil and sediment, improved the screening method to obtain the most efficient ones in biodegradation and detoxification of PCBs and characterized potential underlying enzymatic activities.