[Roxithromycin versus doxycycline in the treatment of cervicitis. Prospective randomized multicenter study under practice-related conditions].

In a prospective randomized multicenter study Roxithromycin 150 mg or Doxycycline 100 mg was given b.i.d.

Hypoxia modulates the barrier and coagulant function of cultured bovine endothelium. Increased monolayer permeability and induction of procoagulant properties.

Exposure of cultured endothelium to environments with low concentrations of oxygen, in the range of those observed in pathophysiologic hypoxemic states in vivo, compromises cellular barrier and coagulant function. An atmosphere with PO2 approximately 14 mm Hg was not lethally toxic to endothelial cultures, but cells became larger and exhibited small intercellular gaps. At low oxygen concentrations, passage of macromolecular tracers through hypoxic endothelial monolayers was accelerated in a time- and dose-dependent manner, presumably by a paracellular pathway via the gaps.

Modulation of endothelial hemostatic properties: an active role in the host response.

As the cells forming the luminal vascular surface, endothelium regulates both barrier function, and pro- and anticoagulant reactions. Endothelial cells can do this by controlling the expression of cell surface molecules, such as receptors that regulate the hemostatic balance and those that affect permeability across the endothelial monolayer. This regulation occurs in response to environmental stimuli, such as cytokines, which have a central role in inflammation, or glucose-modified proteins, which accumulate in the vasculature in aging and diabetes and are associated with vascular complications.

Endothelial receptor-mediated binding of glucose-modified albumin is associated with increased monolayer permeability and modulation of cell surface coagulant properties.

Advanced glycosylation end products (AGE) of proteins accumulate in the vasculature with diabetes and aging, and are thought to be associated with vascular complications. This led us to examine the interaction of AGE-BSA as a prototype of this class of nonenzymatically glycosylated proteins subjected to further processing, with endothelium. Incubation of 125I-AGE-BSA with cultured bovine endothelium resulted in time-dependent, saturable binding that was half-maximal at a concentration of approximately 100 nM.

Enhanced responsiveness of endothelium in the growing/motile state to tumor necrosis factor/cachectin.

Some in vivo observations have suggested that growing or perturbed endothelium, such as that which occurs during angiogenesis, is more sensitive to the action of cytokines (TNF/cachectin, TNF, or IL-1) than normal quiescent endothelial cells. This led us to examine the responsiveness of endothelium to TNF as a function of the growth/motile state of the cell. TNF-induced modulation of endothelial cell surface coagulant function was half-maximal at a concentration of approximately 0.

Tumor necrosis factor/cachectin increases permeability of endothelial cell monolayers by a mechanism involving regulatory G proteins.

Endothelium is an important target of tumor necrosis factor/cachectin (TNF), a central mediator of the host response in endotoxemia and Gram-negative sepsis. In this report, TNF is shown to increase the permeability of endothelial cell monolayers to macromolecules and lower molecular weight solutes by a mechanism involving a pertussis toxin-sensitive regulatory G protein. Within 1-3 h of exposure to TNF (5 nM), changes in cell shape/cytoskeleton occurred that led to disruption of monolayer continuity with the formation of intercellular gaps.

Tumor necrosis factor/cachectin-induced intravascular fibrin formation in meth A fibrosarcomas.

Recent studies have indicated that TNF can promote activation of the coagulation mechanism by modulating coagulant properties of endothelial cells. In this report, we demonstrate that infusion of low concentrations of TNF (3 micrograms/animal) into mice bearing meth A fibrosarcomas leads to localized fibrin deposition with formation of occlusive intravascular thrombi in close association with the endothelial cell surface. Studies with 125I-fibrinogen showed tenfold enhanced accumulation of radioactivity in tumor within 2 h after TNF infusion.

[Antibiotic resistance of several Gram-negative bacteria from clinical and dissection material from the Institute for Poultry Diseases of Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich].

A survey is given on antibiograms carried out with important bacterial strains isolated from birds during 1987. As compared with the results from earlier years no significant changes could be shown, the sensitivity ranging from 42.4% to 95.

[Opinion of mothers on continuous peridural obstetrical anesthesia].

The general opinion on epidural anesthesia in obstetrics may be adversely affected by recent public controversies about the mother's situation during childbirth in hospital, which nowadays is often considered to be a highly technological, impersonal, or "unnatural" procedure. This assumption led us to conduct an inquiry on maternal assessment of obstetric epidural anesthesia and its relation to the clinical and social history. The study included 113 parturients, who received epidural anesthesia (on-demand epidural injections of bupivacaine 0.

Involvement of the central nervous system in malignant lymphomas of mice.

19% of the male and 49% of the female AKR mice with spontaneously developed lymphomas show an involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) in the form of a tumor cell infiltration of the leptomeninx. A significantly higher rate of lymphomas was achieved by syngeneic transplantation of lymphoma cells (intraperitoneal inoculation) in the CNS with 87% in both sexes. Morphologically, there were no differences between the leptomeningeal infiltrations in spontaneously developed and transplanted lymphomas.

Neuropathic gastric dilatation in psittaciformes.

Psittacine neuropathic gastric dilatation was studied in four cockatoos (Cacatua spp.). The birds died with characteristic clinical signs, and post-mortem examination revealed a highly distended proventriculus.

[Spasticity treatment with spinal morphine or midazolam. In vitro experiments, animal studies and clinical studies on compatibility and effectiveness].

Recent pharmacological investigations have support the hypothesis that spinal modulation of nociception as well as motor coordination is related to the activity of spinal interneurons and that certain spinal transmitters are involved in the control of both regulatory systems. Opioids and benzodiazepines, i.e.

[Intra- and postoperative interactions between the 2 opioids fentanyl and buprenorphine].

In order to demonstrate pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between fentanyl and buprenorphine, 3 groups of patients (n = 30) were compared, receiving either fentanyl (0.005 mg/kg b.w.

[Effects of nitrous oxide and halothane on somatosensory evoked potentials after stimulation of the median nerve].

In 10 healthy adult subjects cervical and cortical somatosensory evoked responses (SEP) after median nerve stimulation were recorded. The recordings were performed before and after inhalation of 66 2/3% nitrous oxide (and 33 1/3% oxygen) and during additional inhalation of halothane in concentrations ranging from 0,5 to 2,0 vol%; end tidal paCO2 and tympanic membrane temperature were kept constant. Nitrous oxide caused a 50% amplitude reduction of the cortical responses while latencies remained unchanged.

Taxonomy of some recently described avian Pasteurella/Actinobacillus-like organisms as indicated by deoxyribonucleic acid relatedness.

Members of the family Pasteurellaceae Pohl 1981 are frequently encountered in birds as parasites or pathogens, e.g. the well-known species Pasteurella multocida, Pasteurella gallinarum, Haemophilus paragallinarum, and three species containing strains that had been previously classified as "Haemophilus avium"(Pasteurella avium, Pasteurella volantium, and an unnamed Pasteurella species defined by Mutters et al.

[Diencephalic pilocytic astrocytoma with clinical onset in infancy. Biological behavior and pathomorphological findings in 11 children].

Pilocytic astrocytomas of the diencephalon with onset of signs and symptoms during the first year of life are reported in 7 boys and 5 girls. Failure to thrive was the initial manifestation in 5 infants. In 2 of them a Russel syndrome emerged.

Cyclocoelum mutabile infection and aortic rupture in an American coot (Fulica americana).

An American coot (Fulica americana) was found dead within the enclosed research compound of the South Central Poultry Research Laboratory at Mississippi State, Mississippi. Gross and microscopic examinations revealed the bird to be in good body condition; however, blood from the beak cavity and external nares was present. Biliary congestion, hemopericardium, blood-filled air sacs, and a ruptured, ascending aorta were also noted.

[Diagnostic and prognostic significance of hemodynamic and respiratory parameters in venous air embolism].

In 25 patients undergoing neurosurgical operations in the sitting position we investigated the reliability of different continuously monitored haemodynamic and respiratory data for hypoxia, which is the most important alteration for the prognosis of air embolism. Simply referring to characteristic changes of end-tidal carbon dioxide (pCO2E) we were able to establish the diagnosis of venous air emboli in 12 of these patients. Besides a decrease in pCO2E, only the reduction of arterial oxygen concentration was statistically significant.

Mycoplasma gallisepticum isolation in layers.

Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) isolations in live chickens have been made from swabs obtained primarily from the trachea or nasal exudates. As tracheal swabs are often contaminated with feed and because tracheal swabbing may be stressful to the bird, this study was conducted to determine if swabs from the choanal cleft (palatine fissure) would yield MG isolation rates comparable to MG isolation rates of swabs taken from the trachea. Commercial Leghorns from 17 to 22 weeks of age were inoculated via eyedrop with the F strain of MG.

[Anesthesiologic experiences with an alfentanyl bolus technic in neurosurgical interventions].

A demand-controlled alfentanil bolus technique, which proved to be a safe and easy-to-handle method in 22 neurosurgical operations of mean and longer duration, is described. In the case of these not very painful procedures the use of more complicated time-controlled bolus or infusion techniques does not seem to be necessary.

[A case of anaphylactoid reaction following administration of etomidate].

After injection of etomidate during surgery for herniation of an intervertebral disk an anaphylactoid reaction occurred. Generalized erythema, severe urticaria, and rise in heart rate and blood pressure drop were observed. After treatment with an antihistaminic and a corticosteroid the phenomenons completely disappeared within 45 minutes.