Incidence of bradycardia with the use of remdesivir for coronavirus disease of 2019 and risk factor analysis.

Background: Remdesivir is commonly used for inpatient treatment of coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) and may be associated with bradycardia. The objective is to investigate the incidence of bradycardia in patients with COVID-19 receiving remdesivir and evaluate potential risk factors associated with bradycardia.

Methods: This single-center, retrospective, cohort study evaluated the incidence of bradycardia during and up to 48 h after remdesivir administration in adults admitted to the medical center for treatment of COVID-19.

Advancing the personalized advantage index (PAI): a systematic review and application in two large multi-site samples in anxiety disorders.

Background: The Personalized Advantage Index (PAI) shows promise as a method for identifying the most effective treatment for individual patients. Previous studies have demonstrated its utility in retrospective evaluations across various settings. In this study, we explored the effect of different methodological choices in predictive modelling underlying the PAI.

Development and characterization of pyridyl carboxamides as potent and highly selective Na1.8 inhibitors.

The voltage-gated sodium channel Na1.8 (SCN10A) has strong genetic and pharmacological validation as a potential target for treating acute and chronic pain. While several different chemotypes have been advanced as selective inhibitors, a quinoxaline carboxamide core structure was identified as a particularly attractive core structure due to very high sodium channel subtype selectivity.

A Blended Learning Course on the Diagnostics of Mental Disorders: Multicenter Cluster Randomized Noninferiority Trial.

Background: Clinical diagnoses determine if and how therapists treat their patients. As misdiagnoses can have severe adverse effects, disseminating evidence-based diagnostic skills into clinical practice is highly important.

Objective: This study aimed to develop and evaluate a blended learning course in a multicenter cluster randomized controlled trial.

CT, MRI, and PET Imaging in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health concern in the United States and worldwide. Neuroimaging is a critical element in the clinical evaluation of TBIs, as computed tomography (CT) and MR imaging are commonly used to identify structural changes that may aid in treatment decision-making and long-term patient monitoring. This article reviews the utility of CT and MR imaging while focusing on the emerging applications of PET in TBI.

Effectiveness of the Medical Chatbot PROSCA to Inform Patients About Prostate Cancer: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background And Objective: Artificial intelligence (AI)-powered conversational agents are increasingly finding application in health care, as these can provide patient education at any time. However, their effectiveness in medical settings remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to assess the impact of the chatbot "PROState cancer Conversational Agent" (PROSCA), which was trained to provide validated support from diagnostic tests to treatment options for men facing prostate cancer (PC) diagnosis.

Prediction of perceived annoyance caused by an electric drone noise through its technical, operational, and psychoacoustic parameters.

Electric drones serve diverse functions, including delivery and surveillance. Nonetheless, they encounter significant challenges due to their annoying noise emissions. To address this issue, a sound database was created from experiments conducted in a hover-test-bench and real flights operated indoors.

Evaluating [Ac]Ac-FAPI-46 for the treatment of soft-tissue sarcoma in mice.

Purpose: Fibroblast Activation Protein (FAP) is an emerging theranostic target that is highly expressed on cancer-associated fibroblasts and on certain tumor cells including sarcoma. We investigated the anti-tumor efficacy of [Ac]Ac-FAPI-46 as monotherapy or in combination with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in immunocompetent murine models of sarcoma sensitive or resistant to ICB.

Methods: [Ga]Ga- and [Ac]Ac-FAPI-46 were tested in subcutaneous FAP+ FSA fibrosarcoma bearing C3H/Sed/Kam mice.

Going (Anti)Viral: Improving HIV and HCV Screening and HPV Vaccination in Primary Care.

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C (HCV) screening and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake remain suboptimal. To improve HIV and HCV screening and HPV vaccination, the authors implemented a quality improvement project in three southwestern Pennsylvania family medicine residency practices.

Methods: From June 1 to November 30, 2021, participating practices used universal screening and vaccination guidelines and chose from multiple strategies at the office (for example, standing orders), provider (for example, multiple forms of provider reminders), and patient (for example, incentives) levels derived from published literature and tailored to local context.

From adsorption to crystallization of proteins: Evidence for interface-assisted nucleation.

Protein crystallization is among the key processes in biomolecular research, but the underlying mechanisms are still elusive. Here, we address the role of inevitable interfaces for the nucleation process. Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) with simultaneously optical microscopy, confocal microscopy, and grazing-incidence small angle X-rays scattering (GISAXS) were employed to investigate the temporal behavior from the initial stage of protein adsorption to crystallization.

Elevated accuracy in recognition of subliminal happy facial expressions in patients with panic disorder after psychotherapy.

Background: Individuals with anxiety disorders (ADs) often display hypervigilance to threat information, although this response may be less pronounced following psychotherapy. This study aims to investigate the unconscious recognition performance of facial expressions in patients with panic disorder (PD) post-treatment, shedding light on alterations in their emotional processing biases.

Methods: Patients with PD (n=34) after (exposure-based) cognitive behavior therapy and healthy controls (n=43) performed a subliminal affective recognition task.

Depression, Contraception, and Ambivalence Concerning Fertility.

Individuals suffering from depression exhibit a higher rate of unintended pregnancies, which are associated with negative outcomes for both parents and children. Often, unintended pregnancies result from contraceptive mistakes. Here, we examine the relationship between depression and the consistency of contraceptive behavior, testing ambivalence as a possible mediator.

Hippocampal subfield volume in older adults with and without mild cognitive impairment: Effects of worry and cognitive reappraisal.

Studies have confirmed that anxiety, especially worry and rumination, are associated with increased risk for cognitive decline, including Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). Hippocampal atrophy is a hallmark of ADRD. We investigated the association between hippocampus and its subfield volumes and late-life global anxiety, worry, and rumination, and emotion regulation strategies.

Promoting men and women to management: Putting the glass escalator paradox in the establishment context.

Research around the "glass escalator" demonstrates that men receive promotions faster than women in women-dominated occupations. However, it remains unclear how overall establishment composition affects the glass escalator. We use German longitudinal linked employer-employee data (LIAB) between 2012 and 2019 to examine how occupational and establishment gender composition shape gender differences in promotions to management.

Neural network analysis of neutron and X-ray reflectivity data incorporating prior knowledge.

Due to the ambiguity related to the lack of phase information, determining the physical parameters of multilayer thin films from measured neutron and X-ray reflectivity curves is, on a fundamental level, an underdetermined inverse problem. This ambiguity poses limitations on standard neural networks, constraining the range and number of considered parameters in previous machine learning solutions. To overcome this challenge, a novel training procedure has been designed which incorporates dynamic prior boundaries for each physical parameter as additional inputs to the neural network.

An Approach to Diversifying the Selection of a Guideline Panel-The Process Utilized for the Updated Adult Critical Care Ultrasound Guidelines.

Objectives: Clinical practice guidelines are essential for promoting evidence-based healthcare. While diversification of panel members can reduce disparities in care, processes for panel selection lack transparency. We aim to share our approach in forming a diverse expert panel for the updated Adult Critical Care Ultrasound Guidelines.

Cohort profile: Life-course experiences and pregnancy (LEAP)-A retrospective pregnancy cohort for life-course reproductive health research.

Background: Life course factors may be associated with pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain; however, collecting information on pre-pregnancy exposures and pregnancy health in the same cohort is challenging.

Objectives: The Life-course Experiences And Pregnancy (LEAP) study aims to identify adolescent and young adult risk factors for pre-pregnancy weight and gestational weight gain (GWG). We built upon an existing cohort study to overcome challenges inherent to studying life course determinants of pregnancy health.

Relevance of phase information for object classification in automotive ultrasonic sensing using convolutional neural networks.

Automotive ultrasonic sensors come into play for close-range surround sensing in parking and maneuvering situations. In addition to ultrasonic ranging, classifying obstacles based on ultrasonic echoes to improve environmental perception for advanced driver-assistance systems is an ongoing research topic. Related studies consider only magnitude-based features for classification.

Evaluation of an Automated, Pharmacist-Driven, Antimicrobial Patient Acuity Scoring System for Hospitalized Bacteremic Patients.

The implementation of an automated, pharmacist-driven, scoring system within the EMR has been shown to improve patient care in patients with bacteremia by increasing the adherence to disease specific quality-of-care measures. However, there are a lack of studies evaluating the incorporation of blood culture review into standard, non-antimicrobial stewardship pharmacist workflow. Our institution implemented an automated, pharmacist-driven, antimicrobial scoring system in the electronic medical record (EMR) on August 6, 2019.

Emerging adult college students' descriptions of exposure to childhood emotional abuse and associated factors: A qualitative exploration.

Background: Growing evidence on the long-term deleterious impacts of emotional abuse highlights the need to further understand childhood emotional abuse and its context to strengthen prevention efforts.

Objective: To describe emerging adults' experiences of emotional abuse in their childhoods and the household context surrounding that abuse.

Participants And Setting: Fifty-eight interviews were conducted with emerging adults, ages 18-25, recruited from four 2- and 4-year institutions of higher education.

Closing the loop: autonomous experiments enabled by machine-learning-based online data analysis in synchrotron beamline environments.

Recently, there has been significant interest in applying machine-learning (ML) techniques to the automated analysis of X-ray scattering experiments, due to the increasing speed and size at which datasets are generated. ML-based analysis presents an important opportunity to establish a closed-loop feedback system, enabling monitoring and real-time decision-making based on online data analysis. In this study, the incorporation of a combined one-dimensional convolutional neural network (CNN) and multilayer perceptron that is trained to extract physical thin-film parameters (thickness, density, roughness) and capable of taking into account prior knowledge is described.

White Noise-Is Anxiety in Late-Life Associated With White Matter Hyperintensity Burden?

Objective: We investigated the relationship between anxiety phenotypes (global anxiety, worry, and rumination) and white matter hyperintensities (WMH), with special consideration for the roles of age and executive function (EF). Our hypotheses were 1) anxiety phenotypes would be associated with WMH and 2) EF would moderate this relationship.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Respiratory Interoception and Pathological Illness Anxiety: Disentangling Bias.

Objective: Biased interoception decoupled from physiology might be relevant in the etiology of pathological illness anxiety (PIA). Empirical evidence for interoceptive deviations in illness anxiety is scarce but potentially informative to optimize treatments. We hypothesized that persons with PIA differ fundamentally in the classification of bodily sensations from those without PIA.