Dynamic modeling reveals a three-step response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to high CO2 levels accompanied by increasing ATP demands.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is often applied in large-scale bioreactors where gradients of dissolved CO2 exist. Under high CO2 pressure, the dissolved gas enters the microbe, causing multifold intracellular responses such as decrease of pH, increase of HCO3- and changes of ion balance. Effects of varying CO2 concentrations are multifold, hard to scale and hardly investigated.

Novel tumor antigens identified by autologous antibody screening of childhood medulloblastoma cDNA libraries.

Medulloblastoma is an embryonal childhood malignancy with poor prognosis. By screening 4 medulloblastoma cDNA expression libraries (SEREX) with autologous sera, 15 different antigens were identified. These antigens were encoded by 3 novel genes, genes of unknown function (KIAA0445, KIAA1853, KIAA0665, FLJ13942, HSPC213), a proto-oncogene (rab18), candidate tumor suppressor genes (BAP1, PRDM13) and genes encoding a motor protein (kinesin-2), a histone (H2A1.