[Assessing of iodine consumption with iodized salt in organized nutrition of children of preschool and school age in the Tyumen region].

The territory of the Tyumen region is an endemic region with insufficient iodine content in the environment, in which, since the early 1990s, active preventive measures have been taken to increase the use of iodized salt (IS) in households, catering and the food industry. of the research was to assess the consumption of iodine with IS used in the organized nutrition of children in the Tyumen region. .

Structure, Conductivity, and Sensor Properties of Nanosized ZnO-InO Composites: Influence of Synthesis Method.

The influence of the method used for synthesizing ZnO-InO composites (nanopowder mixing, impregnation, and hydrothermal method) on the structure, conductivity, and sensor properties is investigated. With the nanopowder mixing, the size of the parent nanoparticles in the composite remains practically unchanged in the range of 50-100 nm. The impregnation composites consist of 70 nm InO nanoparticles with ZnO nanoclusters < 30 nm in size located on its surface.

Synthesis, Structural and Sensor Properties of Nanosized Mixed Oxides Based on InO Particles.

The paper considers the relationship between the structure and properties of nanostructured conductometric sensors based on binary mixtures of semiconductor oxides designed to detect reducing gases in the environment. The sensor effect in such systems is determined by the chemisorption of molecules on the surface of catalytically active particles and the transfer of chemisorbed products to electron-rich nanoparticles, where these products react with the analyzed gas. In this regard, the role is evaluated of the method of synthesizing the composites, the catalytic activity of metal oxides (CeO, SnO, ZnO), and the type of conductivity of metal oxides (CoO, ZrO) in the sensor process.

[Comments to clinical guidelines "Iodine deficiency disorders and diseases"].

The Letter to Editor presents an analysis of some sections of the clinical guidelines «Diseases and conditions associated with iodine deficiency» published in No. 3 of the journal «Problems of Endocrinology» for 2021. In particular, the discussion deals with the coding of thyroid diseases according to ICD-10, depending on the iodine status of the population of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, as well as issues of diagnosis and treatment, such as «verification» of goiter detected by palpation, or treatment of the vast majority of children, adolescents and adults with potassium iodide.

[Modeling of iodine consumption with industrial processed foods made with iodized salt in the adults and pregnant in Armenia and Moldova].

In recent years, significant progress has been made at the global level in eliminating of iodine deficiency. However, until recently, there has been a gap in methods for estimating iodine intake with industrially processed foods (IPF) produced with iodized salt (IS). of this work was to study the iodine consumption with IPF and kitchen salt by the adult population and pregnant women in Armenia and Moldova.

[Iodine deficiency disorders as a non-infectious epidemic: a look at the problem at the tome of COVID-19 pandemic].

Radioactive iodine, flying out of the destroyed reactor of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, like a corona virus quickly spread throughout Europe. Iodine deficiency in the regions of Ukraine, Belarus and Russia adjacent to nuclear power plants became a factor in increased uptake of radioactive iodine by the thyroid gland in children and after 5 years led to an epidemic of thyroid cancer. Optimal iodine intake could become a kind of vaccination, which sharply reduces the risk of developing thyroid cancer, as has happened after the accident at the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan.

A STRATIFIED CROSS-SECTIONAL CLUSTER MODEL SURVEY OF IODINE NUTRITION IN ARMENIA AFTER A DECADE OF UNIVERSAL SALT IODIZATION.

Iodine is a necessary nutrient for the synthesis of thyroid hormones and essential in human development. Being naturally deficient in iodine, Armenia launched a national universal salt iodization (USI) strategy in 2004. Although high rates of goiter continued to be reported, iodine status has not been studied since 2005.

Pyrolysis of sewage sludge by solid heat carrier.

The experimental study of fast pyrolysis of dried sewage sludge in the retorting system with solid heat carrier was performed. The yield of the main pyrolysis products such as gas, oil, pyrogenic water, and solid residue (pyrolytic char) was measured in the 490-580 °C range. The maximum oil yield in an amount of 38.

Modeling study of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans behavior in flue gases under electron beam irradiation.

The efficiency of the electron beam treatment of industrial flue gases for the removal of sulfur and nitrogen oxides was investigated as applied to polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) using methods of mathematical modeling. The proposed kinetic model of the process includes mechanism of PCDD/Fs decomposition caused by their interaction with OH radicals generated in the flue gases under the electron beam (EB) irradiation as well as PCDD/Fs formation from unburned aromatic compounds. The model allows to predict the main features of the process, which are observed in pilot plant installations, as well as to evaluate the process efficiency.

[Diagnostics of pneumothorax with ultrasound].

The article deals with a method of pneumothorax diagnostics based on verification of four ultrasound sings--lung sliding absence, B-lines absence, lung pulse absence and lung point presence. Use of ultrasound allows to quickly diagnose a pneumothorax and to monitor the condition of pleural space. Introduction of the ultrasound methods into routine work ICU specialists can increase safety of patients.

Universal salt iodization in the Central and Eastern Europe, Commonwealth of Independent States (CEE/CIS) Region during the decade 2000-09: experiences, achievements, and lessons learned.

Background: By 2000, the global track record on universal salt iodization (USI) indicated 26% access to adequately iodized salt in the Central and Eastern Europe, Commonwealth of Independent States (CEE/ CIS) Region.

Objective: Aimed at extracting lessons learned, this study examined experiences, achievements, and outcomes of USI strategies in CEE/CIS countries during the subsequent decade.

Methods: Information from the design, timing, execution, outputs, multi-sector management and results of actions by national stakeholders yielded 20 country summaries.

[Prophylaxis iodine deficit: information support].

An insufficient intake of micronutrients has massive and permanent nature and influence negatively to health, growth and vitality of the entire nation. One-third part of Russian schoolchildren suffer from deficiency of iron and iodine. Every year in Russia 215,000 children are born with brain damages associated with iodine deficiency.

[Clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of acute intoxication by baclofen].

For last few years in Russia and in the Armed Forces of RF is marked a growth of number of acute intoxications by GABA-agonists and by muscle relaxants, particularly by baclofen. Manifestations of intoxication by this specimen include cerebral and somatic-vegetal disorders, in grave cases of illness could evolve psychic excitement, delusions and coma. Treatment of baclofen intoxication compares of gastric lavage using a thick pathfinder, accompanied by insertion of adsorbent and apocathartic means, maintaining of impaired vital functions of body.

[Clinical guidelines developed by the Russian Association of Endocrinologists for the diagnosis and treatment of nodular goiter].

The guidelines presented do not pretend to be a systematic presentation of all aspects of the diagnosis and treatment of nodular goiter and are not intended to replace guidelines for various medical disciplines. In real clinical practice, situations may arise that are beyond the scope of the recommendations presented, in connection with which the final decision regarding a specific patient and responsibility for him lies with the attending physician.The recommendations presented are mainly devoted to the diagnosis and treatment of nodular (multinodular) euthyroid colloid, differently proliferating goiter in adults (over 18 years of age) and are the agreed opinion of the RAE experts who developed them.

[Organization of anesthesiological and resuscitative care delivered to the wounded and patients in the large specialized hospital].

On the basis of an analysis of the specific features of organization of anesthesiological and resuscitative care, the authors formulate a number of points that are of great importance for the quality of work. They give the optimal recommendations for organizing the professional activities of physicians of intensive care units and consultants. The paper presents conceptual sketches of the training of anesthesiologists working in a specialized center are presented.

[Some disputable issues of transfusion therapy in wounded patients].

On the basis of an analysis of the tactics of transfusion therapy in 272 wounded persons and victims with acute massive blood loss, the authors conclude that it is necessary to strictly follow the principle of individual directionality during blood transfusions. By taking into account the high risk of development of iatrogenic complications in the postshock periods of traumatic disease, it is expedient to do away with hemotransfusions in the advancing mode.

[Prevention of iodine-deficient diseases].

The Interregional center of public health and development assisted by Sechenov Moscow Medical Academy undertook, 1999-2000, a study of the standard of knowledge, attitude and conduct of consumers in respect to the use of iodinated salt (IS) in the prevention of iodine-deficient diseases (IDD). It was demonstrated that, on the average per one district, 19% of city respondents and 13% of rural respondents used IS only. About 31% of city respondents used IS when it was available at the next-door shop, i.

[Specifics of intensive therapy in abdominal gunshot wounds].

Among the wounded admitted to the departments of anesthesiology, resuscitation and intensive therapy there were from 57.8 to 77.6% of gunshot injuries of the abdomen.

Chernobyl and iodine deficiency in the Russian Federation: an environmental disaster leading to a public health opportunity.

The Chernobyl nuclear disaster of April 26, 1986, triggered a chain of devastating events that later included an unexpected increase in childhood thyroid cancer and evidence of iodine deficiency (ID) in Russia. For the Russian people the Chernobyl event had profound psychological impacts, provoking anxiety about nuclear technology and mistrust of governmental control efforts. Frequently in public health a crisis is required to create the political will to manage longstanding problems, and public health officials must rapidly mobilize to take advantage of the opportunity.

[Acute insufficiency of the gastrointestinal tract in patients with severe gunshot injury].

Acute insufficiency of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) in patients with severe gunshot injuries is an important link of pathogenesis of the polyorganic insufficiency syndrome. The character of the wound, the numerical score objective assessment of the injury severity and severity of the patient's state are considered to be criteria of early diagnosis of a risk of the development of acute insufficiency of GIT. The specific feature of "general" intensive therapy of acute insufficiency of GIT in severe gunshot traumas is the necessary application of regional anesthesia, sympatholytics, anticholinesterase agents and H2-blockers.

[Anesthesiological aspects in determining indications and contraindications for surgical interventions in patients with severe wounds and injuries in the post shock period].

Approaches to validation of indications and contraindications for interventions in wounded patients and victims were developed on the basis of many-year experience. The desirability of intervention is determined primarily by strategic tasks which it solves. The operation is to be performed despite severe clinical condition if it removes the cause of critical state or creates conditions for preventing life-threatening complications of the traumatic disease.

[Approaches to decreasing polypragmasy in intensive care of patients with severe injuries].

A total of 277 patients with grave combined injuries were treated. Polypragmasy involved all the trends of intensive care and was most often observed in infusion-transfusion and drug therapy. Three main approaches to decreasing polypragmasy in intensive care of victims with grave combined injuries consist in decreasing the volume of infusion-transfusion therapy, use of a limited number of antihypoxants, and early short courses of antibiotics.