IDENTIFICATION OF CLINICALLY RELEVANT GENE VARIANTS IN COLON ADENOCARCINOMA SAMPLES OF UKRAINIAN PATIENTS USING A COMPREHENSIVE CANCER PANEL: A PILOT STUDY.

Unlabelled: The study aimed to identify the clinically relevant gene variants in colon adenocarcinoma samples of Ukrainian patients using the NGS Comprehensive Cancer Panel (CCP) to implement them conveniently in clinical practice.

Methods: We have studied 20 samples of Ukrainian patients with colorectal adenocarcinomas of various differentiation grades. To identify the clinically relevant gene variants, the CCP data were filtered using the Franklin by Genoox database.

Cytochrome P450 genes expression in human prostate cancer.

CYP-dependent metabolites play a critical role in regulating the cell cycle, as well as the proliferative, invasive, and migratory activity of cancer cells. We conducted a study to analyze the relative gene expression of various () in 41 pairs of prostate samples (tumor and conventional normal tissues) using qPCR. Our analysis determined significant individual variability in the expression levels of all studied both in the tumor and in conventionally normal groups.

[Functional Hypermethylation of ALDH1L1, PLCL2, and PPP2R3A in Colon Cancer].

DNA hypermethylation and mutations are key mechanisms for the downregulation of tumor suppressor genes. NotI-microarrays allowed us to detect hypermethylation and/or deletions in 180 NotI sites associated with 188 genes of human chromosome 3, in 24 paired (tumor/normal) colon samples. The most frequent aberrations (in more than 20% of tumor samples) were detected in the promoter regions of 20 genes.

Expression pattern of genes associated with tumor microenvironment in prostate cancer.

Aim: To assess relative expression (RE) levels of CAF-, TAM-specific, immune defense-associated genes in prostate tumors and to show correlation of RE with clinical, pathological and molecular characteristics, with the aim to define clinically significant specific alterations in a gene expression pattern.

Methods: RE of 23 genes was analyzed by a quantitative polymerase chain reaction in 37 freshly frozen samples of prostate cancer tissues of a different Gleason score (GS) and at various tumor stages, compared with RE in 37 paired conventionally normal prostate tissue (CNT) samples and 20 samples of prostate adenomas.

Results: Differences in RE were shown for 11 genes out of 23 studied, when tumor samples were compared with corresponding CNTs.

Expression of steroid and peptide hormone receptors, metabolic enzymes and EMT-related genes in prostate tumors in relation to the presence of the TMPRSS2/ERG fusion.

Aim: To analyze an expression pattern of the steroid and peptide hormone receptors, metabolic enzymes and EMT-related genes in prostate tumors in relation to the presence of the TMPRSS2/ERG fusion; and to examine a putative correlation between gene expression and clinical characteristics, to define the molecular subtypes of prostate cancer.

Materials And Methods: The relative gene expression (RE) of 33 transcripts (27 genes) and the presence/absence of the TMPRSS2/ERG fusion were analyzed by a quantitative PCR. 37 prostate cancer tissues (T) paired with conventionally normal prostate tissue (CNT) and 21 samples of prostate adenomas were investigated.

Expression of cancer-associated genes in prostate tumors.

Background:  Prostate cancer is one of the most common male cancers in Western countries and takes the third place in morbidity in Ukraine. It is a highly heterogeneous disease.

Aim: To analyze relative expression levels of the TGFB1, IL1B, FOS, EFNA5, TAGLN, PLAU, and EPDR1 genes in malignant and non-malignant prostate tissues.

Opioid precursor protein isoform is targeted to the cell nuclei in the human brain.

Background: Neuropeptide precursors are traditionally viewed as proteins giving rise to small neuropeptide molecules. Prodynorphin (PDYN) is the precursor protein to dynorphins, endogenous ligands for the κ-opioid receptor. Alternative mRNA splicing of neuropeptide genes may regulate cell- and tissue-specific neuropeptide expression and produce novel protein isoforms.

Identification of Novel Epigenetic Markers of Prostate Cancer by NotI-Microarray Analysis.

A significant need for reliable and accurate cancer diagnostics and prognosis compels the search for novel biomarkers that would be able to discriminate between indolent and aggressive tumors at the early stages of disease. The aim of this work was identification of potential diagnostic biomarkers for characterization of different types of prostate tumors. NotI-microarrays with 180 clones associated with chromosome 3 genes/loci were applied to determine genetic and epigenetic alterations in 33 prostate tumors.

Aberrant expression of selenium-containing glutathione peroxidases in clear cell renal cell carcinomas.

Aim: To find putative diagnostic markers for clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC).

Material And Methods: Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR), bisulfite treatment, methylation-specific PCR, analysis on cBioPortal for Cancer Genomics.

Results: We have found that expression of GPX1, GPX3, and GPX4 genes was decreased in ccRCC.

Tumor Suppressor Function of the SEMA3B Gene in Human Lung and Renal Cancers.

The SEMA3B gene is located in the 3p21.3 LUCA region, which is frequently affected in different types of cancer. The objective of our study was to expand our knowledge of the SEMA3B gene as a tumor suppressor and the mechanisms of its inactivation.

Genetic and epigenetic changes of NKIRAS1 gene in human renal cell carcinomas.

Unlabelled: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common malignant tumor of kidney associated with the worst clinical outcome. No molecular markers for RCC diagnostics and prognosis that could be applied in clinics were described yet. Large-scale screening of 3p human chromosome genes/loci in RCC and histologically normal tissues surrounding the tumors using NotI-microarray approach demonstrated that NKIRAS1 gene contained the largest percent of genetic/epigenetic changes in RCC tumor cells.

Screening of epigenetic and genetic disturbances of human chromosome 3 genes in colorectal cancer.

DNA microarray technology comprising NotI-linking clones was used in a large-scale study of genetic and epigenetic changes in colorectal cancer. Analysis of samples from 24 patients revealed methylation, deletions, and amplifications in 137 of 181 NotI clones. For 27 genes/loci, these changes occurred in more than 30% of the tumor samples, suggesting that these genes are involved in the development of colorectal cancer.