Chemical Profile and Biological Potential of Hornodermoporus martius (Agaricomycetes) from Paraguay.

To further knowledge of the biological activity of native neotropical fungal species, this study aimed to determine the chemical composition and microbiological activity of Hornodermoporus martius. Ethanol, hexane, diethyl ether, and ethyl acetate fractions and the water residue were analyzed and resulted in a total phenolic compound content between 13 and 63 mg of gallic acid equivalents per gram of crude extract. The total antioxidants ranged between 3 and 19 mg of ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of crude extract, and the percentage of antioxidant activity was determined to be between 6 and 25%.

Entomopathogenic Fungi Infecting Lepidopteran Larvae: A Case from Central Argentina.

Immature stages of insects are vulnerable to various antagonists, including pathogens. While the abiotic factors affecting pathogen prevalence in insect populations are reasonably well documented, much less is known about relevant ecological interactions. We studied the probability of the larvae of three lepidopteran species to die from fungal infection as a function of insect species and food plants in central Argentina.

Neotropical Studies on Hymenochaetaceae: Unveiling the Diversity and Endemicity of .

Phellinotus, a neotropical genus of wood-decay fungi commonly found on living members of the Fabaceae family, was initially described as containing two species, P. neoaridus and P. piptadeniae.

Pattern formation features might explain homoplasy: fertile surfaces in higher fungi as an example.

Fungi show a high degree of morphological convergence. Regarded for a long time as an obstacle for phylogenetic studies, homoplasy has also been proposed as a source of information about underlying morphogenetic patterning mechanisms. The "local-activation and long-range inhibition principle" (LALIP), underlying the famous reaction-diffusion model proposed by Alan Turing in 1952, appears to be one of the universal phenomena that can explain the ontogenetic origin of seriate patterns in living organisms.

Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Four Native Species of the Ganodermataceae Family (Agaricomycetes) from Paraguay.

The lack of information on the chemistry of higher fungi in Paraguay and the search for new sources of secondary metabolites motivated this chemical study of four wild species of the Ganodermataceae family and the comparison with a commercial species cultivated under laboratory conditions. Qualitative identification of secondary metabolites as well as a quantification of phenolic compounds content and antioxidant potential of ethanolic extracts was carried out of four wild species: Cristataspora flavipora, two specimens of different phylogenetic clades of Ganoderma australe (clade 1 and clade 2), G. martinicense, G.

Influence of light on lignin-degrading activities of fungal genus Polyporus s. str.

Six strains belonging to five species of Polyporus (P. arcularius, P. arcularioides, P.

Decrypting the Polyporus dictyopus complex: Recovery of Atroporus Ryvarden and segregation of Neodictyopus gen. nov. (Polyporales, Basidiomyocta).

Polyporus dictyopus, with a large number of heterotypic synonyms, has been traditionally considered a species complex, characterized by wide morphological variation and geographic distribution. Thus, neotropical specimens previously identified as P. dictyopus from Amazonia, Cerrado and Atlantic Forest biomes were studied based on detailed macro- and micromorphological examination and phylogenetic analyses, using distinct ribosomal and protein-coding genomic regions: the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (nrITS), nuclear ribosomal large subunit (nrLSU), and RNA polymerase II second subunit (RPB2).

Fusarium equiseti LPSC 1166 and its in vitro role in the decay of Heterostachys ritteriana leaf litter.

The role of microorganisms in litter degradation in arid and semi-arid zones, where soil and water salinization is one of the main factors limiting carbon turnover and decay, remains obscure. Heterostachys ritteriana (Amaranthaceae), a halophyte shrub growing in arid environments such as "Salinas Grandes" (Córdoba, Argentina), appears to be the main source of organic matter in the area. Little is known regarding the microorganisms associated with H.

Chytridiomycosis in endemic amphibians of the mountain tops of the Córdoba and San Luis ranges, Argentina.

Chytridiomycosis is a major threat to amphibian conservation. In Argentina, the pathogenic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis has been recorded in several localities, and recently, it was registered in amphibians inhabiting low-elevation areas of mountain environments in Córdoba and San Luis provinces. In the present study, we searched for B.

Perenniporiella chaquenia sp. nov. and further notes on Perenniporiella and its relationships with Perenniporia (poriales, basidiomycota).

Perenniporiella chaquenia sp. nov. is described from Argentina.

Fomitiporia punctata (Basidiomycota, Hymenochaetales) and its presumed taxonomic synonyms in America: taxonomy and phylogeny of some species from tropical/subtropical areas.

The status of the F. punctata complex in tropical/subtropical America, and more specifically in Cuba and the surrounding area, was partially assessed. Fomitiporia langloisii, Fomitiporia dryophila and Fomitiporia maxonii, three names long considered taxonomic synonyms of F.

Phellinus caribaeo-quercicolus sp. nov., parasitic on Quercus cubana: taxonomy and preliminary phylogenetic relationships.

Phellinus caribaeo-quercicolus sp. nov. is described from several collections made in western Cuba, so far exclusively on Quercus cubana.

New species causing decay on living Polylepis australis in Cordoba, central Argentina.

Two new species of poroid Hymenochaetaceae (Aphyllophorales, Basidiomycota) are described and illustrated. They were causing decay on living and standing dead Polylepis australis ("tabaquillo" or "queñoa") in the Córdoba Mountains in central Argentina. Inonotus serranus is characterized by a biannual basidiocarp, with a dark line separating tomentum from context; ellipsoid to ovoid, thick walled, colored spores; and the absence of setae.