Residual cardiovascular risk, use of standard care treatments, and achievement of treatment goals in patients with cardiovascular disease.

Background: Residual risk management in patients with previous cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a relevant issue. Objectives: 1) to assess the residual risk of patients with CVD using the new scores developed to predict recurrent CVD events (SMART score/SMART-REACH model); 2) to determine the use of therapies with cardiovascular benefit and the achievement of therapeutic goals in patients with very high residual risk.

Methods: A multicenter, descriptive, cross-sectional study was performed.

Looking for a definition of aortic dilatation in overweight and obese individuals: body surface area-indexed values versus height-indexed diameters.

Introduction: Patient's body size is a significant determinant of aortic dimensions. Overweight and obesity underestimate aortic dilatation when indexing diameters by body surface area (BSA). We compared the indexation of aortic dimensions by height and BSA in subjects with and without overweight to determine the upper normal limit (UNL).

[Statins and influenza mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis].

Background: Due to their anti-inflammatory properties, it has been suggested that the use of statins could influence the evolution of influenza virus infection.

Aim: To evaluate the effect of statin therapy on mortality from influenza.

Methods: A meta-analysis that included studies evaluating the use of statins in patients with influenza and reporting data on mortality, after searching the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Controlled Trials databases, was performed.

Low-doses aspirin in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes: Meta-analysis stratified by baseline cardiovascular risk.

Background And Aim: The aim of this meta-analysis was to analyze the risks and benefits of low-dose aspirin in patients with T2D without cardiovascular conditions according to the baseline cardiovascular risk.

Methods: We performed a meta-analysis including randomized clinical trials that evaluated the use of low-dose aspirin (75-100 mg/day) versus placebo/usual care in patients with T2D. Studies were classified as low, moderate and high risk based on the number of events in the placebo/control arms or by cardiovascular risk score when reported.

Statin use in patients with elevated serum hepatic transaminases at baseline: A meta-analysis.

Aims: Clinical trials showed that statin therapy decreased cardiovascular events without significantly raising the level of transaminases. However, the information in subjects with altered liver test at baseline is more limited. The objectives of this meta-analysis were to analyze the liver safety and cardiovascular benefit when using a statin-based lipid-lowering treatment compared to a less intensive treatment or placebo, in subjects with abnormal liver tests at baseline.

Novel antidiabetic drugs and risk of cardiovascular events in patients without baseline metformin use: a meta-analysis.

Aims: To evaluate the effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) on major cardiovascular events (MACE) in metformin-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods And Results: A meta-analysis was performed of randomized controlled clinical trials of GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2 inhibitors on T2D populations, after searching the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Controlled Trials databases. The primary endpoint was MACE.

LDL-C Levels Below 55 mg/dl and Risk of Hemorrhagic Stroke: A Meta-Analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of very low levels of LDL-C (< 55 mg/dl) achieved with lipid-lowering therapy on hemorrhagic stroke incidence.

Methods: We performed a meta-analysis including randomized trials that achieved LDL-C levels under 55 mg/dl in more intensive lipid-lowering arms, regardless of the lipid-lowering drug used. A fixed-effects model was used.

Atrial size and sports. A great training for a greater left atrium: how much is too much?

Athlete's heart results from physiological adaptations to the increased demands of exercise, and left atrial (LA) enlargement (LAE) is a fundamental component. However, LAE occurs in certain pathological conditions and it might represent a diagnostic challenge in athletes. LA volume index (LAVi) by echo is a convenient diagnostic tool for LAE identification.

Aspirin in primary prevention. Meta-analysis stratified by baseline cardiovascular risk.

IntroducciÓn: La utilidad de la aspirina en la prevención primaria es todavía objeto de controversia. Los avances médicos y la variabilidad del riesgo cardiovascular podrían explicar la heterogeneidad de los estudios publicados, y las poblaciones de alto riesgo tendrían mayor beneficio.

Objetivo: Analizar los efectos de la aspirina en pacientes sin antecedentes cardiovasculares y evaluar los resultados de acuerdo con el riesgo cardiovascular de las poblaciones.

Effect of bempedoic acid on new onset or worsening diabetes: A meta-analysis.

Introduction: Bempedoic acid is a new agent that reduces low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Since inhibits cholesterol synthesis through a different mechanism than statins, the adverse effects related to it may also be different. Therefore, the objective of the present meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of bempedoic acid on new onset or worsening diabetes.

Role of non-statin lipid-lowering therapy in coronary atherosclerosis regression: a meta-analysis and meta-regression.

Background: Several studies have investigated the association between non-statin lipid-lowering therapy and regression of atherosclerosis. However, these studies were mostly small and their results were not always robust. The objectives were: (1) to define if a dual lipid-lowering therapy (statin + non-statin drugs) is associated with coronary atherosclerosis regression, estimated by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS); (2) to assess the association between dual lipid-lowering-induced changes in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and non-high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) levels and atherosclerosis regression.

Role of Colchicine in Stroke Prevention: An Updated Meta-Analysis.

Background: Colchicine is a microtubule inhibitor with anti-inflammatory properties. As the body and quality of evidence regarding the efficacy of colchicine for cardiovascular prevention is controversial, the aims of this study was to evaluate the effect of colchicine therapy on vascular events.

Methods: A meta-analysis was performed of randomized controlled clinical trials of colchicine on high cardiovascular risk populations, reporting data from stroke, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality, after searching the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Controlled Trials databases.

Impact of the 2019 European Guidelines on Diabetes in Clinical Practice: Real and Simulated Analyses of Lipid Goals.

Background: Recent European guidelines on diabetes, prediabetes, and cardiovascular disease developed for the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) in collaboration with the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) significantly changed some concepts on risk stratification, lipid goals, and recommendations for the use of lipid-lowering drugs. The objectives of this work were to describe the lipid-lowering treatment prescribed for patients with diabetes and to determine the percentage of patients that achieved the lipid goals recommended by the 2019 ESC/EASD Guidelines on Diabetes in real and simulated scenarios.

Methods: A multicenter, cross-sectional study was performed.

Cardiovascular Risk Stratification in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome Without Diabetes or Cardiovascular Disease: Usefulness of Metabolic Syndrome Severity Score.

Introduction: The estimated cardiovascular risk determined by the different risk scores, could be heterogeneous in patients with metabolic syndrome without diabetes or vascular disease. This risk stratification could be improved by detecting subclinical carotid atheromatosis.

Aims: To estimate the cardiovascular risk measured by different scores in patients with metabolic syndrome and analyze its association with the presence of carotid plaque.