Combination of In Situ Diffraction Experiments and Acoustic Emission Testing to Understand Compression Behavior of Mg-Gd Alloys.

The compressive deformation of the extruded binary Mg-Gd with gadolinium in solid solution has been studied in situ by combining synchrotron diffraction and acoustic emission techniques during compression tests. These two techniques are useful in investigating the evolution of twinning in all its stages. The extruded bars develop a fiber texture with the basal plane parallel to the extrusion direction.

Temporal Changes in Clinical Outcomes after Minimally Invasive Surgery for Hallux Valgus Correction in Women without Postoperative Complications.

Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is currently used to correct hallux valgus deformities. Most studies reporting on MIS techniques to correct hallux valgus deformities included patients with postoperative complications. These reported complications, with an average rate of 23%, had significant negative effects on the clinical outcomes in this patient population.

Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of a Spanish version of the self-administered foot evaluation questionnaire (SAFE-Q).

Background: The self-administered foot evaluation questionnaire is a comprehensive measure for assessing the perception of patients regarding their foot-related problems. However, it is currently only available in English and Japanesse. Therefore, this study aimed to cross-culturally adapt the questionnaire to Spanish and assess its psychometric properties.

Isometric Knee Muscle Strength and Patient-Reported Measures Five Years after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Comparison of Single versus Dual Autograft Hamstring Tendon Harvesting.

There is some controversy regarding the use of one or two hamstring tendons for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). In this study, two cohorts of 22 male patients underwent an ACLR with hamstring tendon autografts. One cohort was reconstructed through an all-inside technique with the semitendinosus tendon (ST group) and the other with the semitendinosus and gracilis tendons (ST-G group).

Pre- and Post-Operative Relationship between Radiological Measures and Clinical Outcomes in Women with Hallux Valgus.

The surgical correction of a hallux valgus (HV) deformity improves radiological parameters and clinical outcomes. However, it is not known how these improvements are related between themselves. In this retrospective study, 73 women were assessed preoperatively and 60 months after HV surgical correction.

In Vitro Testing of 2 Adjustable-Loop Cortical Suspensory Fixation Systems Versus Interference Screw for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Background: It is not clear whether the mechanical strength of adjustable-loop suspension devices (ALDs) in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is device dependent and if these constructs are different from those of an interference screw.

Purpose: To compare the biomechanical differences of 2 types of ALDs versus an interference screw.

Study Design: Controlled laboratory study.

Correlation among Knee Muscle Strength and Self-Reported Outcomes Score, Anterior Tibial Displacement, and Time Post-Injury in Non-Coper Anterior Cruciate Ligament Deficient Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Little attention has been paid to knee muscle strength after ACL rupture and its effect on prognostic outcomes and treatment decisions. We studied hamstrings (H) and quadriceps (Q) strength correlation with a patient-reported outcome measures score (International Knee Documentation Committee, IKDC), anterior tibial translation (ATT), and time post-injury in 194 anterior cruciate ligament deficient patients (ACLD) who required surgery after a failed rehabilitation program (non-copers). The correlation between knee muscle strength and ATT was also studied in 53 non-injured controls.

Anterior tibial translation and patient-reported outcomes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with a tape locking screw: A 5-year follow-up study.

Background: The Tape Locking Screw system (TLS) is a recognised technique used in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). However, only a few previous studies have reported associated outcomes, all of which had been examined over a short-term period. The aim of this study was to assess the time-dependent changes in the objective and patient-reported outcome measures (PROM) in a group of patients with anterior cruciate ligament deficiency who have been operated on with this technique.

A randomized controlled trial of dorsal web space versus palmar midline injection of steroid in the treatment of trigger digits.

One hundred and sixty patients were enrolled in a prospective randomized controlled trial to assess whether a steroid injection through the dorsal web space was less painful than the palmar midline technique in the treatment of trigger digits and whether they were equally effective. There were 116 women and 44 men with a mean age of 60 years. The mean visual analogue score for pain during the injection was 3.

Does thread shape affect the fixation strength of the bioabsorbable interference screws for anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions? A biomechanical study.

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the biomechanical behaviour of two bioabsorbable interference screws with different geometries.

Methods: Two different pitch (2.5 and 5 mm) bioabsorbable interference screws, both 9 × 30 mm, were tested.

Clinical effectiveness and safety of Weil's osteotomy and distal metatarsal mini-invasive osteotomy (DMMO) in the treatment of metatarsalgia: A systematic review.

Background: Weil's osteotomy (WO) is the most applied surgical treatment for metatarsalgia, a persistent pain in the lesser metatarsals' heads. We aim to review its effectiveness and safety compared to the percutaneous technique known as distal metatarsal mini-invasive osteotomy (DMMO).

Methods: Systematic review in Medline, Pubmed, Embase, Cinahl and Cochrane Library.

Maintaining High Strength in Mg-LPSO Alloys with Low Yttrium Content Using Severe Plastic Deformation.

Alternative processing routes such as powder metallurgy, the extrusion of recycled chips, or equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) have been considered for effective methods of maintaining the high mechanical strength of Mg-Y-Zn alloys containing long-period stacking ordered structures with respect to the alloy processed by the conventional extrusion of as-cast ingots with the advantage of minimizing the yttrium content. A yield stress similar to that found for extruded MgY₂Zn₁ alloy can be attained with only half of the usual yttrium and zinc additions thanks to the grain refinement induced by ECAP processing. The properties of MgY₁Zn subjected to ECAP are maintained up to 200 °C, but superplastic behavior is found above this temperature when the alloy is processed through a powder metallurgy route.

Locking versus non-locking one-third tubular plates for treating osteoporotic distal fibula fractures: a comparative study.

Introduction: Ankle fractures represent the third most common fracture in elderly patients, after hip and wrist fractures. Distal fibula fractures in this population are closely related to osteoporosis, which renders commonly used methods of internal fixation technically demanding and prone to failure. Currently there is a tendency to fix osteoporotic metaphyseal and epiphyseal fractures with locking plates.

Influence of the number and position of stripped screws on plate-screw construct biomechanical properties.

Introduction: Screw stripping is a common situation in fracture fixation, particularly in osteopenic bone treatment. Surgeons' perception of screw stripping is relatively poor and the real number of loose screws in every plate-screw construct is unknown. The biomechanical and clinical implications of the different possible screw-stripping situations are also unidentified.

Can an expansion device be used in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction? An in vitro study of soft tissue graft tibial fixation.

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the mechanical properties of an interference screw with an expansion device in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.

Methods: A total of 52 porcine tibia and 20 polyurethane foam blocks (0.16g/cm) were used.

Properties of WZ21 (%wt) alloy processed by a powder metallurgy route.

Microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behaviour of WZ21 (%wt) alloy prepared by a powder metallurgy route from rapidly solidified powders have been studied. Results were compared to those of the same alloy prepared through a conventional route of casting and extrusion. The microstructure of the extruded ingot consisted of α-Mg grains and Mg3Zn3Y2 (W-phase) and LPSO-phase particles located at grain boundaries.

Use of screw locking elements improves radiological and biomechanical results of femoral osteotomies.

Background: Dynamic compression plate (DCP) constructs provide inadequate fixation in cases of poor bone quality and early weight-bearing. Screw locking elements (SLE) are flat locking nuts placed at the end of the screw to prevent screw stripping from the bone, improving fixation stability. The purpose of this work was to compare biomechanical and radiological evaluations of femoral ovine osteotomies fixed using DCP constructs with and without SLE.

Influence of the crosshead rate on the mechanical properties of fixation systems of ACL tendon grafts.

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is one of the most important aspects of knee surgery. For this purpose, several fixation devices have been developed, although the interference screw is the most frequently used. The most typical biomechanical test of these devices consists of placing them in a testing machine and subjecting them to a pull-out test.

History of arthroscopy.

Arthroscopy has developed as one of the branches of former cystoscopy. During the past 200 years a few people have made invaluable contributions to development of arthroscopy (Bozzini, Takagi, Watanabe..

Normative database of isometric cervical strength in a healthy population.

Objectives: This was a descriptive study involving maximal and average isometric strength measurements of the cervical musculature. The purpose of this study was 1) to determine the test-retest reliability of a computerized dynamometer for measuring muscular strength of the neck flexor and extensor muscles in a healthy population, and 2) to afford a normative database of the maximal and averaged isometric strength of the cervical flexors and extensors in a healthy population of 94 volunteers. The literature contains only a few descriptive studies pertaining to strength levels of the cervical musculature; none of these studies used a computerized dynamometer to determine cervical isometric strength.