Abnormal eye movements increase as motor disabilities and cognitive impairments become more evident in Multiple Sclerosis: A novel eye-tracking study.

Background: Eye movements can reflect brain alterations and inform on the presence of motor disabilities and cognitive impairments in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS).

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the correlation between motor and cognitive measurements and eye movement parameters when performing the task (NBKT).

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out at Ramos Mejía Hospital, a center specialized in demyelinating diseases in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Analytical Validation of the PreciseDx Digital Prognostic Breast Cancer Test in Early-Stage Breast Cancer.

Background: PreciseDx Breast (PDxBr) is a digital test that predicts early-stage breast cancer recurrence within 6-years of diagnosis.

Materials And Methods: Using hematoxylin and eosin-stained whole slide images of invasive breast cancer (IBC) and artificial intelligence-enabled morphology feature array, microanatomic features are generated. Morphometric attributes in combination with patient's age, tumor size, stage, and lymph node status predict disease free survival using a proprietary algorithm.

Methods for dynamic and whole volume imaging of the zebrafish heart.

Tissue development and regeneration are dynamic processes involving complex cell migration and cell-cell interactions. We have developed a protocol for complementary time-lapse and three-dimensional (3D) imaging of tissue for developmental and regeneration studies which we apply here to the zebrafish cardiac vasculature. 3D imaging of fixed specimens is used to first define the subject at high resolution then live imaging captures how it changes dynamically.

Memory-driven eye movements prospectively predict dementia in people at risk of Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: Oculomotor behaviors linked to cognitive performance revealed neurocognitive features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) that can enhance the accuracy of its assessment and diagnosis.

Methods: A sample of 107 participants (i.e.

Development and validation of an AI-enabled digital breast cancer assay to predict early-stage breast cancer recurrence within 6 years.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) grading plays a critical role in patient management despite the considerable inter- and intra-observer variability, highlighting the need for decision support tools to improve reproducibility and prognostic accuracy for use in clinical practice. The objective was to evaluate the ability of a digital artificial intelligence (AI) assay (PDxBr) to enrich BC grading and improve risk categorization for predicting recurrence.

Methods: In our population-based longitudinal clinical development and validation study, we enrolled 2075 patients from Mount Sinai Hospital with infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast.

Artificial intelligence-derived neurofibrillary tangle burden is associated with antemortem cognitive impairment.

Tauopathies are a category of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the presence of abnormal tau protein-containing neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). NFTs are universally observed in aging, occurring with or without the concomitant accumulation of amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) in plaques that typifies Alzheimer disease (AD), the most common tauopathy. Primary age-related tauopathy (PART) is an Aβ-independent process that affects the medial temporal lobe in both cognitively normal and impaired subjects.

Description of the Method for Evaluating Digital Endpoints in Alzheimer Disease Study: Protocol for an Exploratory, Cross-sectional Study.

Background: More sensitive and less burdensome efficacy end points are urgently needed to improve the effectiveness of clinical drug development for Alzheimer disease (AD). Although conventional end points lack sensitivity, digital technologies hold promise for amplifying the detection of treatment signals and capturing cognitive anomalies at earlier disease stages. Using digital technologies and combining several test modalities allow for the collection of richer information about cognitive and functional status, which is not ascertainable via conventional paper-and-pencil tests.

Oculomotor Abnormalities during Reading in the Offspring of Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease.

Introduction: Eye movement patterns during reading are well defined and documented. Each eye movement ends up in a fixation point, which allows the brain to process the incoming information and program the following saccade. In this work, we investigated whether eye movement alterations during a reading task might be already present in middle-aged, cognitively normal offspring of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (O-LOAD).

Antemortem detection of Parkinson's disease pathology in peripheral biopsies using artificial intelligence.

The diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is challenging at all stages due to variable symptomatology, comorbidities, and mimicking conditions. Postmortem assessment remains the gold standard for a definitive diagnosis. While it is well recognized that PD manifests pathologically in the central nervous system with aggregation of α-synuclein as Lewy bodies and neurites, similar Lewy-type synucleinopathy (LTS) is additionally found in the peripheral nervous system that may be useful as an antemortem biomarker.

Liver resection in elderly patients with extensive CRLM: Are we offering an adequate treatment? A propensity score matched analysis.

Background: Data on the management of elderly patients with extensive colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) are scarce and conflicting. This study assesses differences in management and long-term oncological outcomes between older and younger patients with CRLM and a high Tumour Burden Score (TBS).

Methods: International multicentre retrospective study on patients with CRLM and a category 3 TBS, submitted to liver resection.

Oculomotor Behaviors and Integrative Memory Functions in the Alzheimer's Clinical Syndrome.

Background: Biological information drawn from eye-tracking metrics is providing evidence regarding drivers of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. In particular, pupil size has proved useful to investigate cognitive performance during online activities.

Objective: To investigate the oculomotor correlates of impaired performance of patients with mild Alzheimer's Clinical Syndrome (ACS) on a recently developed memory paradigm, namely the Short-Term Memory Binding Test (STMBT).

Urea-based amino sugar agent clears murine liver and preserves protein fluorescence and lipophilic dyes.

Five established clearing protocols were compared with a modified and simplified method to determine an optimal clearing reagent for three-dimensionally visualizing fluorophores in the murine liver, a challenging organ to clear. We report successful clearing of whole liver lobes by modification of an established protocol (UbasM) using only Ub-1, a urea-based amino sugar reagent, in a simpler protocol that requires only a 24-h processing time. With Ub-1 alone, we observed sufficiently preserved liver tissue structure in three dimensions along with excellent preservation of fluorophore emissions from endogenous protein reporters and lipophilic tracer dyes.

Increased serum ferritin and interleukin-18 levels in children with dengue.

Activated monocytes/macrophages that produce a cytokine storm play an important role in the pathogenesis of dengue. Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a proinflammatory cytokine produced by monocyte/macrophages that is increased during dengue. Ferritin is an acute-phase reactant and expressed by cells of the reticulo-endothelial system in response to infection by dengue virus.

BACH: Grand challenge on breast cancer histology images.

Breast cancer is the most common invasive cancer in women, affecting more than 10% of women worldwide. Microscopic analysis of a biopsy remains one of the most important methods to diagnose the type of breast cancer. This requires specialized analysis by pathologists, in a task that i) is highly time- and cost-consuming and ii) often leads to nonconsensual results.

Artificial intelligence in neuropathology: deep learning-based assessment of tauopathy.

Accumulation of abnormal tau in neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) occurs in Alzheimer disease (AD) and a spectrum of tauopathies. These tauopathies have diverse and overlapping morphological phenotypes that obscure classification and quantitative assessments. Recently, powerful machine learning-based approaches have emerged, allowing the recognition and quantification of pathological changes from digital images.

First report of caprine abortions due to Chlamydia abortus in Argentina.

Infectious abortions of goats in Argentina are mainly associated with brucellosis and toxoplasmosis. In this paper, we describe an abortion outbreak in goats caused by Chlamydia abortus. Seventy out of 400 goats aborted.

Comparing Immunofluorescent versus H&E Glandular Architecture Features in Prognostic Models from Prostate Biopsies.

Determining the best treatment for prostate cancer patients with a newly diagnosed positive biopsy can be challenging. Multivariate prognostic models are often employed to stratify patients into risk populations. Many models leverage quantitative features derived from morphological analysis of the tumor architecture in the biopsy specimen.

Development and validation of a novel automated Gleason grade and molecular profile that define a highly predictive prostate cancer progression algorithm-based test.

Background: Postoperative risk assessment remains an important variable in the effective treatment of prostate cancer. There is an unmet clinical need for a test with the potential to enhance the Gleason grading system with novel features that more accurately reflect a personalized prediction of clinical failure.

Methods: A prospectively designed retrospective study utilizing 892 patients, post radical prostatectomy, followed for a median of 8 years.

[Reconstrucción ósea de defectos craneales secundarios a traumatismo con implantes personalizados].

IntroducciÓn: Los defectos craneales secundarios a traumatismos son frecuentes. Por lo común se reparan de forma secundaria por sintomatología como el síndrome del paciente trepanado, por protección cerebral y por el aspecto cosmético. Históricamente se han utilizado diversos materiales para la reconstrucción.

AHL-lactonase expression in three marine emerging pathogenic Vibrio spp. reduces virulence and mortality in brine shrimp (Artemia salina) and Manila clam (Venerupis philippinarum).

Bacterial infectious diseases produced by Vibrio are the main cause of economic losses in aquaculture. During recent years it has been shown that the expression of virulence genes in some Vibrio species is controlled by a population-density dependent gene-expression mechanism known as quorum sensing (QS), which is mediated by the diffusion of signal molecules such as N-acylhomoserine lactones (AHLs). QS disruption, especially the enzymatic degradation of signalling molecules, known as quorum quenching (QQ), is one of the novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of bacterial infections.

Visual Processing during Short-Term Memory Binding in Mild Alzheimer's Disease.

Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) typically present with attentional and oculomotor abnormalities that can have an impact on visual processing and associated cognitive functions. Over the last few years, we have witnessed a shift toward the analyses of eye movement behaviors as a means to further our understanding of the pathophysiology of common disorders such as AD. However, little work has been done to unveil the link between eye moment abnormalities and poor performance on cognitive tasks known to be markers for AD patients, such as the short-term memory-binding task.

Helping Hispanic Dementia Caregivers Cope with Stress Using Technology-based Resources.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to develop and evaluate a culturally appropriate intervention for Hispanic/Latino caregivers of individuals with dementia, using a structured online program without professional involvement to improve well-being, decrease stress, and reduce depression.

Methods: The Webnovela Mirela, an online Spanish-language telenovela, was designed specifically to teach caregivers how to cope with dementia caregiving. A prototype of Webnovela Mirela was tested in a pilot study with 25 Hispanic/Latino dementia caregivers, 19 of whom completed the study.

Microsaccadic behavior when developing a complex dynamical activity.

Microsaccade are sensitive to changes of perceptual inputs as well as modulations of cognitive states. There are just a few works analyzing microsaccade while subjects are processing complex information and fewer when doing predictions about upcoming events. To evaluate whether contextual predictability would change microsaccadic behavior, we evaluated microsaccade of twenty one persons when reading 40 regular sentences and 40 proverbs.