Mushrooms and Their Compounds with Potential Anticancer Activity: A Review.

Mushrooms produce many metabolites that show biological activity, which can be obtained from their fruiting body, mycelium or recovered from the culture broth when mushrooms are grown in submerged fermentation. Mushrooms are a source of natural pharmaceuticals; they have been reported to have potential inhibitory or preventive activity against some diseases, including different types of cancer. Cancer represents one of the main causes of death worldwide.

Mushrooms and Fungi and Their Biological Compounds with Antidiabetic Activity: A Review.

Mushrooms have been used by humans for centuries as food and medicine because they have been shown to affect certain diseases. Mushrooms for medicinal purposes have been consumed in the form of extracts and/or biomass of the mycelium or fruiting body. The beneficial health effects of mushrooms are due to their content of bioactive compounds (polysaccharides, proteins, ergosterol, lectins, etc.

Isolation of Fungi from a Textile Industry Effluent and the Screening of Their Potential to Degrade Industrial Dyes.

Six fungal strains were isolated from the textile industry effluent in which they naturally occur. Subsequently, the fungal strains were identified and characterized in order to establish their potential decolorizing effect on textile industry effluents. The strains of interest were selected based on their capacity to decolorize azo, indigo, and anthraquinone dyes.

Nematicidal activity of a hydroalcoholic extract of the edible mushroom Neolentinus ponderosus on L larvae of Haemonchus contortus.

Objective: In the present study, the in vitro and in vivo effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of Neolentinus ponderosus (EHNP) on L larvae of Haemonchus contortus was evaluated.

Material And Methods: The N. ponderosus fungus was cultivated in potato dextrose liquid medium for 7 days at 120 rpm and 25 °C.

Design of Laccase Thermostable Mutants From Lacc 6 of Pleurotus Ostreatus.

Fungal laccase enzymes have a great biotechnological potential for bioremediation processes due to their ability to degrade compounds such as ρ-diphenol, aminophenols, polyphenols, polyamines, and aryldiamines. These enzymes have activity at different pH and temperature values, however, high temperatures can cause partial or total loss of enzymatic activity, so it is appropriate to do research to modify their secondary and/or tertiary structure to make them more resistant to extreme temperature conditions. , a structure of the Lacc 6 enzyme of was constructed using a laccase of as a template.

Evaluation of Ficus benjamina wood chip-based fungal biofiltration for the treatment of Tequila vinasses.

This study was focused on the application of an aerobic biofiltration (BF) with Ficus benjamina wood chips as support medium, inoculated with two basidiomycete fungi, Phanerochaete chrysosporium (BF 1) and Trametes versicolor (BF 2), to treat Tequila vinasses from a Tequila industry. The biofiltration system was compared with a biofilter system without basidiomycete fungi (BF W), in order to determine the influence of fungi on the treatment of vinasses. Three different vinasses/water ratios (30/70, 40/60, and 50/50) were evaluated.

Integral Use of Amaranth Starch to Obtain Cyclodextrin Glycosyltransferase, by , to Produce β-Cyclodextrin.

Cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase) is an enzyme that produces cyclodextrins (CDs) from starch and related carbohydrates, producing a mixture of α-, β-, and γ-CDs in different amounts. CGTase production, mainly by sp., depends on fermentation conditions such as pH, temperature, concentration of nutrients, carbon and nitrogen sources, among others.

Effect of textile dyes on activity and differential regulation of laccase genes from Pleurotus ostreatus grown in submerged fermentation.

This research was conducted to extend the knowledge on the differential regulation of laccase genes in response to dyes. In order to accomplish this, we analyzed both, the expression of five laccase genes by real time RT-qPCR, and also the laccase activity and isoforms patterns during the time-course of a Pleurotus ostreatus submerged fermentation supplemented with either acetyl yellow G (AYG) or remazol brilliant blue R (RBBR) dyes. For the purpose of obtaining a stable reference gene for optimal normalization of RT-quantitative PCR gene expression assays, we tested four candidate reference genes.

Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity of Aqueous and Methanol Extracts of Pleurotus ostreatus in Different Growth Stages.

Total polyphenols and flavonoids contents, as well as ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), metal ions chelating activity, reducing power assay and scavenging activity of DPPH and ABTS radicals in aqueous and methanolic extracts obtained from mycelium, primordium, and fruiting body of Pleurotus ostreatus in both fresh as dry, were evaluated. The total polyphenol content of dried samples was higher in aqueous extracts obtained both in room temperature and boiling. The total polyphenol content of the fresh samples obtained at room temperature and boiling was higher in aqueous extract of mycelium and in the methanolic extract of the fruiting body.

Phylogenetic analysis of β-xylanase SRXL1 of Sporisorium reilianum and its relationship with families (GH10 and GH11) of Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes.

In this paper, the amino acid sequence of the β-xylanase SRXL1 of Sporisorium reilianum, which is a pathogenic fungus of maize was used as a model protein to find its phylogenetic relationship with other xylanases of Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes and the information obtained allowed to establish a hypothesis of monophyly and of biological role. 84 amino acid sequences of β-xylanase obtained from the GenBank database was used. Groupings analysis of higher-level in the Pfam database allowed to determine that the proteins under study were classified into the GH10 and GH11 families, based on the regions of highly conserved amino acids, 233-318 and 180-193 respectively, where glutamate residues are responsible for the catalysis.

Ligninolytic activity patterns of Pleurotus ostreatus obtained by submerged fermentation in presence of 2,6-dimethoxyphenol and remazol brilliant blue R dye.

The degradation of 2,6-dimethoxyphenol (DMP) and decolorization of Remazol brilliant blue R dye (RBB), added to culture media of Pleurotus ostreatus developed in submerged fermentation, and the laccase, manganese peroxidase and veratryl alcohol oxidase activities produced in these systems were evaluated. Both compounds were removed from the culture medium mainly by enzymatic action. These compounds decreased the specific growth rate and the effect on the maximal biomass values was not important.

Medium selection and effect of higher oxygen concentration pulses on Metarhizium anisopliae var. lepidiotum conidial production and quality.

Rice and oat flours were analyzed as media for the production of conidia by M. anisopliae var. lepidiotum.

Laccases of Pleurotus ostreatus observed at different phases of its growth in submerged fermentation: production of a novel laccase isoform.

The production of laccases during the lag, exponential and stationary phases of growth of Pleurotus ostreatus in submerged fermentation was evaluated. Laccase activity was positively correlated to the growth of the fungus. The specific growth rate was 0.

Microscopic observations of the early development of Pleurotus pulmonarius fruit bodies.

From observations made by light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, environmental-scanning and cryoscanning electron microscopy we conclude that the expansion of the young fruit body of Pleurotus pulmonarius involves considerable vacuolation of hyphae but no marked inflation of cell dimensions. There is evidence for an extensive extracellular matrix (ECM), the components of which must be under the control of the hyphae which the ECM surrounds. However the ECM in these fruit bodies is a dilute material.