Copper Recovery From Ammonia Solutions Through Electro-Electrodialysis (EED).

Alkaline leaching with highly selective ammoniacal complexing agents is an interesting alternative for the treatment of copper concentrates. This treatment is beneficial for copper recovery because it allows the formation of soluble amines complexes, with cupric tetramine ( ) being the most stable. In order to suppress the unit operation of solvent extraction (SX) and move directly to the electrochemical process, an electro-electrodialysis (EED) process using ion exchange membranes to obtain copper is proposed.

Photocatalytic Degradation of Aqueous Rhodamine 6G Using Supported TiO Catalysts. A Model for the Removal of Organic Contaminants From Aqueous Samples.

As a model for the removal of complex organic contaminants from industrial water effluents, the heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamin 6G was studied using TiO-derived catalysts, incorporated in water as suspension as well as supported in raschig rings. UV and Visible light were tested for the photo-degradation process. TiO catalysts were synthesized following acid synthesis methodology and compared against commercial TiO catalyst samples (Degussa P25 and Anatase).

Electrochemical Degradation of Reactive Black 5 using two-different reactor configuration.

Novel Sb-doped SnO ceramic electrodes sintered at different temperatures, are applied to the degradation of Reactive Black 5 in both divided and undivided electrochemical reactors. In the undivided reactor the discoloration of the solution took place via the oxidation of RB5 dye, without the corresponding reduction in the chemical oxygen demand for the ceramic electrodes. However, in the divided one, it was possible to achieve the discoloration of the solution while at the same time decreasing the chemical oxygen demand through the ·OH-mediated oxidation, although the chemical oxygen demand degradation took place at a slower rate.

Karst Detection Beneath the Pyramid of El Castillo, Chichen Itza, Mexico, by Non-Invasive ERT-3D Methods.

Currently, archaeologists perform excavations determined by previous geophysical studies to accurately establish the prospective targets and minimize site disturbance. Among others, one of the methods most widely employed is the Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT-2D, -3D). However, investigation of the subsoil of archaeological buildings is not possible to carry out with traditional geophysical methods, because the structure itself prevents it.