Bioherbicide Potential of Eucalyptus saligna Leaf Litter Essential Oil.

We aimed to evaluate the bioherbicide potential of Eucalyptus saligna leaf litter essential oil, its fractions and major compounds. Six essential oil fractions were obtained by preparative thin-layer chromatography and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Effects of the oil, its fractions and major compounds (1,8-cineole and/or α-pinene) diluted in aqueous solution were assessed on germination and seedling growth.

Inhibition of Alternaria stem canker on tomato by essential oils from species.

The toxicity of four essential oils extracted from , , and was tested against the phytopathogen , which causes Alternaria stem canker on tomatoes. Diseases caused by fungi are responsible for great economic losses in terms of production and are controlled by synthetic fungicides; however, essential oils offer an alternative, since they have been proven to be effective for controlling against various plant pathogens. In this way, the antifungal activity of essential oils was tested using potato dextrose agar medium with concentrations ranging from 0.

Structural and Chemical Profiles of (Myrtaceae) Leaves Under the Influence of the Galling sp. (Thysanoptera).

Thysanoptera-induced galls commonly culminate in simple folding or rolling leaf gall morphotypes. Most of these galls are induced by members of the suborder Tubulifera, with only a few species of the suborder Terebrantia being reported as gall inducers. The Terebrantia, as most of the gall inducers, manipulates the host plant cellular communication system, and induces anatomical and biochemical changes in its host plant.

Development of a HS-SPME-GC/MS protocol assisted by chemometric tools to study herbivore-induced volatiles in Myrcia splendens.

A headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) method combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was developed and optimized for extraction and analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOC) of leaves and galls of Myrcia splendens. Through a process of optimization of main factors affecting HS-SPME efficiency, the coating divivnilbenzene-carboxen-polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/Car/PDMS) was chosen as the optimum extraction phase, not only in terms of extraction efficiency, but also for its broader analyte coverage. Optimum extraction temperature was 30°C, while an extraction time of 15min provided the best compromise between extraction efficiencies of lower and higher molecular weight compounds.

Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of Baccharis psiadioides essential oil against antibiotic-resistant Enterococcus faecalis strains.

Context: Baccharis psiadioides (Less.) Joch. Müller (Asteraceae) is considered as a producer of bioactive essential oils and is used in south Brazilian folk medicine for its proprieties as stimulant, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and as an antidote for snake bites.

Interferometry as a tool for evaluating effects of antimicrobial doses on Mycobacterium bovis growth.

Interferometry was used together with the conventional microplate resazurin assay to evaluate the antimycobacterial properties of essential oil (EO) from fruits of Pterodon emarginatus and also of rifampicin against Mycobacterium bovis. The aim of this work is not only to investigate the potential antimycobacterial activity of this EO, but also to test the interferometric method in comparison with the conventional one. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values of EO (625 μg/mL) and rifampicin (4 ng/mL) were firstly identified with the microplate method.

Tropane alkaloids and calystegines as chemotaxonomic markers in the Solanaceae.

This study assessed the occurrence and distribution of tropane alkaloids and calystegines in genera of the family Solanaceae to identify patterns of distribution and make evolutionary inferences. A database of tropane alkaloids and calystegines occurrences was constructed from the results of a search of scientific websites and a hand search of periodicals. The terms "Solanaceae", "tropane alkaloids", and "calystegines" were used as index terms for a full-text article search unrestricted by date of publications.

The imbalance of redox homeostasis in arthropod-induced plant galls: Mechanisms of stress generation and dissipation.

Background: Galls have specialized tissues for the protection and nutrition of the inducers, and these tissues have been studied from the developmental and histochemical perspectives. Recently, the role of oxidative stress in galls has been tested histochemically through detection of H2O2 in gall tissues.

Scope Of Review: Developmental processes and cytological events are revisited from the perspective of the redox-potential balance in both the apoplast and symplast, especially concerning the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Feeding rates of Balloniscus sellowii (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea): the effect of leaf litter decomposition and its relation to the phenolic and flavonoid content.

The goal of this study was to compare the feeding rates of Balloniscus sellowii on leaves of different decomposition stages according to their phenolic and flavonoid content. Leaves from the visually most abundant plants were offered to isopods collected from the same source site. Schinus terebinthifolius,the plant species consumed at the highest rate, was used to verify feeding rates at different decomposition stages.

Feeding preference of Holymenia clavigera and Anisoscelis foliacea marginella (Hemiptera: Coreidae: Anisoscelini) in relation to intra- and interspecific features of host plants (Passifloraceae).

The interactions of Holymenia clavigera (Herbst) and Anisoscelis foliacea marginella (Dallas) with their hosts (Passifloraceae) in southern Brazil are poorly understood. Previous studies have indicated that both species use several host species and plant parts and have superior performance on wild hosts. This study evaluated feeding preferences and host plant use under both laboratory and field conditions.

[Malaricide activity of the quercetin in Gallus gallus L., 1758 immunocompromised infected by Plasmodium (Bennettinia) juxtanucleare Versiani and Gomes, 1941].

The aim of this study was comparatively to evaluate the malaricide activity of the quercetin to the action of the chloroquine in Gallus gallus experimentally infected for Plasmodium juxtanucleare and immunocompromised. Thirty- four hens had been used, previously infected for P. juxtanucleare and immunocompromised by the administration of 26 mg/kg of metilprednisolon 40mg/ml in the pectoral muscle.

Evaluation of the acaricide effect of thymol, menthol, salicylic acid, and methyl salicylate on Boophilus microplus (Canestrini 1887) (Acari: Ixodidae) larvae.

The tick Boophilus microplus is the principal species of ectoparasite that impairs dairy cattle productivity in Brazil. Its control is mainly by using synthetic chemical products during its parasitic phase. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the acaricide activity of four products of natural origin.