Clinical assessment and pathophysiology of venom-related acute kidney injury: a scoping review.

are one of the most common medically important snakes found in Latin America. Its venom is predominantly hemotoxic and proteolytic, which means that local lesion (edema and redness) and hemorrhagic symptoms are recurrent in envenoming by this snake. Although hemorrhage is usually the major cause of death, snakebite-related acute kidney injury is another potentially fatal clinical complication that may lead to chronic kidney disease.

Kidney involvement in malaria: an update.

Malaria is an infectious disease of great importance for Public Health, as it is the most prevalent endemic disease in the world, affecting millions of people living in tropical areas of the globe. Kidney involvement is relatively frequent in infections by P. falciparum and P.

Acute kidney injury complicating bee stings - a review.

Bee stings can cause severe reactions and have caused many victims in the last years. Allergic reactions can be triggered by a single sting and the greater the number of stings, the worse the prognosis. The poisoning effects can be systemic and can eventually cause death.

Factors associated with maternal death in an intensive care unit.

Objective:: To identify factors associated with maternal death in patients admitted to an intensive care unit.

Methods:: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a maternal intensive care unit. All medical records of patients admitted from January 2012 to December 2014 were reviewed.

Chronic kidney disease related to renal tuberculosis: a case report.

Genitourinary tuberculosis (TB) is the third most common form of extrapulmonary TB. A 34-year-old man with severe kidney function loss secondary to renal TB initially presented with urinary symptoms, including dysuria and polacyuria. The diagnosis was based on clinical history and laboratory tests; the urinalysis revealed acid-fast bacilli.

Risk factors for intensive care unit admission in patients with severe leptospirosis: a comparative study according to patients' severity.

Background: The aim of this study is to investigate predictive factors for intensive care unit (ICU) admission among patients with severe leptospirosis.

Methods: This is a retrospective study with all patients with severe leptospirosis admitted to a tertiary hospital. Patients were divided in ICU and ward groups.

Dengue Fever Among Renal Transplant Recipients: A Series of 10 Cases in a Tropical Country.

This is a case series of 10 consecutive renal allograft recipients, followed at a tertiary hospital in northeast Brazil, with a confirmed diagnosis of dengue. Five of the patients needed hospitalization. Half of them were males and age ranged from 19 to 60 years with a median of 38.

Renal function in hepatosplenic schistosomiasis--an assessment of renal tubular disorders.

Background: Renal involvement in Schistosoma mansoni infection is not well studied. The aim of this study is to investigate the occurrence of renal abnormalities in patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis (HSS), especially renal tubular disorders.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with 20 consecutive patients with HSS followed in a medical center in Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil.

Monocyte chemoatractant protein-1: a potential biomarker of renal lesion and its relation with oxidative status in sickle cell disease.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the monocyte chemoatractant protein-1 (MCP-1) as a novel biomarker of renal lesion in sickle cell disease (SCD) and correlate it with oxidative stress.

Methods: This is a prospective study with SCD patients followed at a tertiary center in Brazil. Urine samples were collected to dosage of protein, MCP-1, malondialdehyde (MDA) and urinary creatinine.

Urinary monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) in leprosy patients: increased risk for kidney damage.

Background: We aimed to evaluate urinary MCP-1 and oxidative stress through urinary malondialdehyde (MDA) in leprosy and correlate them with traditional, but less sensitive markers of renal disease.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 44 patients with diagnosis of leprosy and no previous treatment. Skin smear was assessed through a bacteriological index - from 0 to 6+.

Acute kidney injury after snakebite accident treated in a Brazilian tertiary care centre.

Aim: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in cases of envenomation by venomous snakes. The present study was carried out to investigate the clinical and laboratory manifestations in accidents with venomous snakes and the risk factors associated with AKI in these accidents.

Methods: A retrospective study was carried out with patients victims of snakebite admitted to a reference centre.

Preliminary study on tubuloglomerular dysfunction and evidence of renal inflammation in patients with visceral leishmaniasis.

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a re-emerging zoonosis of worldwide distribution. Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and malondialdehyde (MDA) are inflammation biomarkers that have never been investigated in VL. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between renal abnormalities and inflammation biomarkers in VL.

Factors associated with thrombocytopenia in severe leptospirosis (Weil's disease).

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate factors associated with thrombocytopenia in a large cohort of patients with leptospirosis in an endemic area.

Methods: This retrospective study included 374 consecutive patients with leptospirosis who were admitted to tertiary hospitals in Fortaleza, Brazil. All patients had a diagnosis of severe leptospirosis (Weil's disease).

Evaluation of renal function in patients with psoriasis using immunobiologicals.

The aim of this study was to evaluate renal function in patients with psoriasis using immunobiologicals. A prospective study was conducted with 15 patients with confirmed diagnosis of psoriasis who were starting to use immunobiologicals. The mean age was 41 ± 11 years, with 60% females.

Renal tuberculosis in the modern era.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The disease remains as an important public health problem in developing countries. Extrapulmonary TB became more common with the advent of infection with human immunodeficiency virus and by the increase in the number of organ transplantation, which also leads to immunosuppression of thousand of persons.

Hyponatremia, acute kidney injury, and mortality in HIV-related toxoplasmic encephalitis.

Background: There are no reports on hyponatremia and acute kidney injury (AKI) involved in the course of HIV-related toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE). The main objective of this study was to describe the occurrence of hyponatremia and its relationship with AKI and mortality in HIV-related toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE).

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study on patients with HIV-related TE.

Cardiovascular disease in patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis in a developing country.

Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of death among patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The present study was undertaken to identify the main cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors in 160 patients with ESRD on hemodialysis (HD) in Brazil. Their mean age was 47 ± 39 years.

Acute kidney injury in children with visceral leishmaniasis.

Background: There is no comprehensive study about renal function in children with visceral leishmaniasis (VL). The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in children with VL using pRIFLE classification and to determine the risk factors for AKI.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted with 146 patients younger than 14 years of age with VL diagnosis in one center located at the northeast of Brazil from December 2003 to 2010.

Tophus gout and chronic kidney disease in a young female patient: report of familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy in three generations of the same family.

A 20-year-old female was admitted with tophus gout and chronic kidney disease (CKD), progressing to dialysis need and death. The familial investigation evidenced several cases of hyperuricemia, gout and CKD, as well as several cases of early death due to CKD. After analyzing these cases, it was concluded that the diagnosis was familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy.

New insights on pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of sickle cell nephropathy.

Sickle cell nephropathy is one of the main chronic complications of sickle cell disease (SCD), the most common of the hematological hereditary disorders. Several studies have been performed since the first description of SCD 100 years ago to investigate the mechanisms of kidney involvement in this disease. It has been demonstrated that both glomerular and tubular compartments can be damaged as a direct consequence of SCD, including renal function loss, concentration and acidification deficits, and glomerulopathies.

Different patterns in a cohort of patients with severe leptospirosis (Weil syndrome): effects of an educational program in an endemic area.

The aim of this study is to investigate the changes in clinical pattern and therapeutic measures in leptospirosis-associated acute kidney injury; a retrospective study with 318 patients in Brazil. Patients were divided according to the time of admission: 1985-1996 (group I) and 1997-2010 (group II). Patients were younger in group I (36 ± 13 versus 41 ± 16 years, P = 0.