The percentage of high-grade prostatic adenocarcinoma in prostate biopsies significantly improves on Grade Groups in the prediction of prostate cancer death.

Aims: It has been recommended that the percentage of high-grade (HG) Gleason patterns 4 and 5 should be quantified in prostate cancer. However, this has not been assessed in a cohort using prostate cancer death as an outcome, and there is debate as to whether the biopsy with the 'worst' percentage of HG disease or an 'overall' percentage of HG disease should be reported. Such data may assist in active surveillance decisions.

Ki-67 is an independent predictor of prostate cancer death in routine needle biopsy samples: proving utility for routine assessments.

Standard clinical parameters fail to accurately differentiate indolent from aggressive prostate cancer. Our previous studies showed that immunohistochemical testing for Ki-67 improved prediction of prostate cancer death in a previous cohort of conservatively treated clinically localized prostate cancer. However there is a need for validation of usage with whole biopsy sections rather than tissue micro-arrays for use in routine diagnostics.

Histopathologic False-positive Diagnoses of Prostate Cancer in the Age of Immunohistochemistry.

There are few studies into the rate and causes of histopathologic false-positive diagnosis of prostate cancer. Only 2 of these, including a previous one from our group, incorporate survival data. In addition, in none of the previous studies had immunohistochemistry (IHC) been originally requested on any of the misdiagnosed cases.

Should reporting of peri-neural invasion and extra prostatic extension be mandatory in prostate cancer biopsies? correlation with outcome in biopsy cases treated conservatively.

The identification of perineural invasion (PNI) and extraprostatic extension (ECE) in prostate cancer (PC) biopsies is time consuming and can be difficult. Although this is required information in many datasets, there is little evidence on their effect on outcome in patients treated conservatively. Cases of PC were identified from three cancer registries in the UK from men with clinically localized prostate cancer diagnosed by needle biopsy from 1990-2003.

Validation of a contemporary prostate cancer grading system using prostate cancer death as outcome.

Background: Gleason scoring (GS) has major deficiencies and a novel system of five grade groups (GS⩽6; 3+4; 4+3; 8; ⩾9) has been recently agreed and included in the WHO 2016 classification. Although verified in radical prostatectomies using PSA relapse for outcome, it has not been validated using prostate cancer death as an outcome in biopsy series. There is debate whether an 'overall' or 'worst' GS in biopsies series should be used.

Transitional cell carcinoma of the ureteric stump: a systematic review of the literature.

Objective: To present a review of the literature using evidence-based criteria for diagnosis and treatment of malignant growths in the ureteric remnant following nephrectomy for non-malignant disease.

Methods: A database search using the key search words was performed, producing a total of 16 articles published between 1952 and 2009. The Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine classification was used.

Community-acquired Klebsiella pneumoniae meningitis in an alcoholic patient with an infected pancreatic pseudocyst; a case report and review of literature.

We report a case of a 49-year-old male with a history of chronic alcoholism and evidence of a pancreatic pseudocyst on CT scanning. He presented with a 3-days history of fever, loss of appetite and upper abdominal pain. Blood cultures grew Klebsiella pneumoniae and he improved clinically with a seven-day course of intravenous co-amoxiclav and metronidazole.