Detection of organic explosive residues from outdoor detonations using confocal Raman microscopy.

The detection of post-blast residues in the aftermath of an explosion involving organic explosives with spectroscopic techniques is challenging as, typically, no microscopically visible unreacted particles remain after the explosion. However, some low-order explosions may leave visible particles behind, as well as the presence of significant amounts of unreacted material. In this study, four authentic open-air detonations using two simulated improvised explosive devices (IEDs) containing a mixture of military explosives (TNT and RDX), and two IEDs containing smokeless powder were conducted.

Evaluation of handheld Raman spectrometers for the detection of intact explosives.

The detection of intact explosives in the field provides a unique challenge for investigators, considering the sensitive and dangerous nature of these samples. Handheld Raman instruments have grown in popularity for the analysis of unknown samples in the field, combining speed of data collection and reliability with a size that allows for the instruments to be field portable. Handheld Raman instruments are used commonly in the field, and yet there is very little research on the detection capabilities of these instruments, specifically for explosive compounds.

Assessing the challenges of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis of blood serum.

There are many approaches to measuring the infrared spectrum of a blood serum sample. Naturally, each approach will have both advantages and disadvantages. We report on the progress of the application of infrared spectroscopy in the field of blood serum analysis towards clinical application, with a focus on prostate cancer.