Salicylate-based analgesic balm attenuates pressor responses from skeletal muscle.

Purpose: Analgesic balms (AB) are widely used in sports medicine. We previously have examined effects of various counterirritant-based AB on pressor responses evoked by muscular contraction (MC), mediated by group III and IV muscle afferents known to produce exercise and nociceptive responses. Our purpose was to examine trolamine salicylate-based analgesic balm (TS) effects.

Effects of a menthol-based analgesic balm on pressor responses evoked from muscle afferents in cats.

Objective: To evaluate changes in heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) as indicators of changes in pressor response for muscle afferents after topical application of menthol (MEN)-based analgesic balm.

Animals: 11 decerebrate cats.

Procedure: Pressor responses were reflexively evoked by static contraction of hind limb muscles, which are caused by group III and IV afferents.

Capsaicin-based analgesic balm decreases pressor responses evoked by muscle afferents.

Unlabelled: Capsaicin-based analgesic balm decreases pressor responses evoked by muscle afferents. Physically active individuals use countless analgesic balm (AB) products with various active ingredients daily. Despite this, few studies have investigated the mechanism of action and efficacy of AB.

Acute Subdural Hematoma in a High School Football Player After 2 Unreported Episodes of Head Trauma: A Case Report.

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the association between 2 unreported episodes of head trauma and an acute subdural hematoma in a high school football player; to address the role of the sport health care team in secondary schools when caring for an athlete with head trauma; and to recognize the importance of educating athletes and coaches about this condition. BACKGROUND: A previously healthy athlete experienced 2 unreported episodes of head trauma during a single game. The athlete was conscious and oriented to person, time, and place, but he vomited and complained of severe headache, nausea, and vertigo.

Effects of topical analgesics on the pressor response evoked by muscle afferents.

Purpose: Pressor responses are reflexly evoked by the activation of groups III and IV muscle afferents, which are also known to mediate nociceptive responses. In this experiment, the effects of analgesic balm (AB) application on these responses were investigated without the interference of other types of anesthesia or effects from the higher brain.

Methods: Heart rate (HR), blood pressure, and end-tidal CO(2) were monitored in midcollicularly decerebrated cats.