Anatomic Anomalies of the Nerves Treated during Headache Surgery.

Background: Headache surgery is a well-established, viable option for patients with chronic head pain/migraines refractory to conventional treatment modalities. These operations involve any number of seven primary nerves. In the occipital region, the surgical targets are the greater, lesser, and third occipital nerves.

Postischemic poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition reduces ischemia reperfusion injury in a hind-limb ischemia model.

Background: Several experiments were designed to determine whether the systemic, postischemic administration of PJ34,which is a poly-adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribose polymerase inhibitor, decreased tissue injury and inflammation after hind-limb ischemia reperfusion (I/R).

Methods: C57BL6 mouse limbs were subjected to 1.5 h ischemia followed by 24-h reperfusion.

Apolipoprotein E-/- mice have delayed skeletal muscle healing after hind limb ischemia-reperfusion.

Introduction: Classic studies of limb ischemia-reperfusion injury have been performed using young healthy mice. However, patients with peripheral vascular disease are older and often exhibit metabolic derangements that may delay healing after revascularization. Mice with genetic deletion of apolipoprotein E (ApoE(-/-)) have been used as a model in various experimental scenarios of hypercholesterolemia.

A novel model of acute murine hindlimb ischemia.

The McGivney hemorrhoidal ligator (MHL), a band designed to cause tissue necrosis, is the preferred experimental tool to create hindlimb ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rodents. This report defines and compares the ex vivo band tension exerted by MHL and orthodontic rubber bands (ORBs) along with select in vivo characteristics of I/R. As to method, ex vivo band tension was measured over relevant diameters using a tensiometer.