Mechanisms of Long-Term Persistence of Mycoplasmas in Children with Asthma.

Improving the management of children with asthma associated with mycoplasma infection is important. Aim: To study the duration of the persistence of antigens, and DNA in a free state, in the structures of circulating immune complexes (CICs) and living cells of and in children with asthma. In total, 205 children with asthma from 1 to 14 years were observed.

The Common Cold and Influenza in Children: To Treat or Not to Treat?

The common cold, which is mostly caused by respiratory viruses and clinically represented by the symptoms of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) with mainly upper respiratory tract involvement, is an important problem in pediatric practice. Due to the high prevalence, socio-economic burden, and lack of effective prevention measures (except for influenza and, partially, RSV infection), ARVI require strong medical attention. The purpose of this descriptive literature review was to analyze the current practical approaches to the treatment of ARVI to facilitate the choice of therapy in routine practice.

The Role of Transcription Factor PPAR-γ in the Pathogenesis of Psoriasis, Skin Cells, and Immune Cells.

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor PPAR-γ is one of three PPAR nuclear receptors that act as ligand-activated transcription factors. In immune cells, the skin, and other organs, PPAR-γ regulates lipid, glucose, and amino acid metabolism. The receptor translates nutritional, pharmacological, and metabolic stimuli into the changes in gene expression.

IL-6 Gene Expression as a Marker of Pathological State in Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis.

The expression of the IL-6 gene in mononuclear blood cells of 45 patients with psoriatic arthritis and 31 patients with plaque psoriasis was studied for possible differential diagnosis of the pathologies. The expression level of IL-6 in psoriatic arthritis and psoriasis surpassed that in healthy controls by 192 and 147 times, respectively. Significant differences in the gene expression were revealed between the patients with psoriatic arthritis and mild psoriasis.

Role of the Transcription Factor FOSL1 in Organ Development and Tumorigenesis.

The transcription factor FOSL1 plays an important role in cell differentiation and tumorigenesis. Primarily, FOSL1 is crucial for the differentiation of several cell lineages, namely adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteoblasts. In solid tumors, FOSL1 controls the progression of tumor cells through the epithelial-mesenchymal transformation.

Efficacy and Safety of Ergoferon in Children from 6 Months to 6 Years Old with Acute Respiratory Viral Infections in Contemporary Outpatient Practice: A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Randomized Trial.

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Ergoferon in combination with symptomatic therapy in children from 6 months to 6 years old with acute respiratory infections (ARI) in contemporary outpatient practice, an international, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, parallel-group clinical trial was performed. Derived by technological treatment of antibodies to interferon gamma, histamine, and CD4, Ergoferon was previously proved to modulate its molecular targets promoting effective antiviral protection. The data of 282 patients with oral temperature ≥38.

[Prospects for the correction of intestinal microbiota in the prevention and treatment of asthma in children].

The issues of therapy and prevention of asthma in children do not lose their relevance. The increase in the prevalence of allergic diseases and asthma is associated, among other things, with a relative deficit in the microbial load and changes in the microbiota due to improved hygiene and living conditions. The microbiota plays an important role in the formation and functioning of the immune system.

[Topical drugs for the treatment of non-streptococcal acute tonsillopharyngitis in children: results of a multicenter study].

Introduction: Acute tonsillopharyngitis (ATP) is a very common disease in children. In non-streptococcal ATP, systemic antibiotics are usually not indicated, but topical antimicrobial therapy is advisable.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the combination of cetylpyridinium chloride with gramicidin C in the form of a spray in children with ATP in a prospective multicenter non-interventional study.

Prevention of New Respiratory Episodes in Children with Recurrent Respiratory Infections: An Expert Consensus Statement.

In healthy infants and young children, the development of respiratory tract infections (RTIs) is extremely common. In this paper, we present an international consensus of the available approaches for the prevention of recurrent RTIs in children, including the atopic/allergic ones as well as those with asthma. Few convincing measures for reducing the frequency and clinical relevance of recurrent respiratory episodes in RTI-prone children have been developed until now.

[The problem of insomnia in infant/young children: issues of diagnosis and treatment].

Objective: To obtain further evidence of the efficacy of dormikind in infant/young children.

Material And Methods: The study was performed in the group of 114 patients, aged 6 months to 2.5 years, with sleep and sleep initiation disorders.

[PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS IN CHILDREN: CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CLINICAL PICTURE].

The aim of the study is to establish the features of the clinical course of psoriatic arthritis in children. 83 patients with psoriatic arthritis (PSA) were examined. The terms of formation of articular and skin syndromes in PSA in children, as well as options for the onset and height of the disease and features of the course in childhood were revealed.

Scleroderma "en coup de sabre" With Epilepsy and Uveitis Successfully Treated With Tocilizumab.

Case history of a small girl outlet with epilepsy, followed by scleroderma skin damage and uveitis, neurovasculitis with white matter foci in brain on the side of skin lesion in two months, immunologic disease activity. Resistance to conventional immunosuppressive therapy forced us to initiate the treatment with tocilizumab. It was well tolerated and led to significant improvement of brain, ocular and skin manifestations.

Effect of Nasal Obstructive Disorders on Sinonasal Symptoms in Children with Different Levels of Bronchial Asthma Control.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) and allergic rhinosinusitis (ARS) are typical upper airway pathologies (UAP) in children with bronchial asthma (BA) frequently accompanied with nasal obstructive diseases (NOD). In order to establish the effect of NOD on correlations between nasal and synonasal symptoms with clinical assessments of asthma control, 82 children, 9.8 [8.

Body Height of Children with Bronchial Asthma of Various Severities.

Influence of bronchial asthma (BA) severity on physical development in children patients was evaluated in comparison with healthy population. . 1042 children and adolescents (768 boys) with atopic BA were evaluated.

[Ergoferon liquid dosage form--efficacious and safe treatment for childhood acute respiratory infections. Interim outcomes of a multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial].

The pediatric dosage form of Egroferon--a drug indicated for the treatment of influenza and acute respiratory infections (ARIs)--is developed taking in account the broad range of pathogens (most of which are viruses), and age-dependent features of immune system reactions (absence of specific immunity and immunological memory, relative "immaturity" of immune reactions, reduced interferon production by immunocompetent cells, etc.). Ergoferon interferes with the non-specific mechanisms of antiviral defence that ensure eliciting of an immune response, regardless of the virus type (the interferon system and CD4+cells), and influences virus-induced histamine release and histamine-mediated inflammatory reactions.

[Can cross-allergic reactions to food antigens be the cause of recurrent pancreatitis in children with food allergies?].

Drug and food allergy in 80% of cases are the cause of duodenal inflammation disrupting the function of the pancreatic ducts. However, in some cases, elimination diet in patients with food allergy does not provide a sufficient effect. The article shows the effect of cross-allergic reactions on recurrent pancreatitis in 28 children with food allergy (mean age 11.

[Rengalin, a novel drug for treatment of cough in children. Intermediate data on multicentre, comparative randomized clinical trial].

Unlabelled: Rengalin liquid formulation on the basis of antibodies to bradikinin histamine and morphine was specially designed for the treatment of cough in children. The three-component combination in therapeutically active against both dry and wet cough due to effect on diverse pathogenetic aspects of the cough reflex. The aim of the multicenter, comparative, randomized clinical trial was to estimate the efficacy and safety of rengalin in the treatment of cough in patients with acute respiratory infection (ARI) of the upper respiratory tract.

[Allergic reactions to cereals in children with atopy].

Cereals are the necessary and the major products in the diet. The aim of the study was to determine the dependence of frequency of sensitization to various cereals in children with atopy upon the age and diagnosis on the basis of anamnesis, the results of elimination diets, skin tests and the presence of specific IgE antibodies. 416 children and adolescents aged from 6 months to 17 years with atopic dermatitis (n = 359) and asthma (n = 57) has been investigated.

[Topical issues of children's pulmonology in Russia].

Recent data illustrating the situation in children's pulmonology in this country are presented. Its main features are the high prevalence of acute and chronic lung diseases in children and the enhanced frequency of allergic pulmonary disorders, in the first place bronchial asthma. National guidelines on various aspects of the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases in children need to be developed.

Fluticasone propionate in asthma: a long term dose comparison study.

Background: Few dose ranging studies have investigated optimal dosing with inhaled corticosteroids in children with asthma.

Aims: To compare the efficacy and tolerability of fluticasone propionate 100 or 200 microg twice daily in children with moderate to severe asthma for one year.

Methods: One year, randomised, double blind, parallel group, multicentre study.

[Effects of hypoxic stimulation in experimental animals and in children with bronchial asthma].

Inhalations using hypoxic mixture of 12-15% O2 were tested in 40 rats (daily for 20 min. during 1-4 months) and in 200 children with light and mid-serious forms of bronchial asthma (for 5-10 min. 2-4 times with 5 min.