Prevalence of SARS-COV-2 infection and outcomes in Greek sarcoidosis patients.

Background And Aim: There is limited data on the prevalence of SARS-COV-2 in sarcoidosis patients and the underlying parameters linked to severity. We aimed to conduct a national multicenter study to explore the prevalence of SARS-COV-2 in sarcoidosis patients and investigate its impact on hospitalization and infection rates, describe the characteristics of the infected population and assess the role of these characteristics in determining the likelihood of infection or hospitalization.

Methods: We recruited all the adult sarcoidosis patients with who were examined across eight Greek Health Interstitial Lung Disease Referral Centers from the beginning of the pandemic until August 1, 2022.

Distinct feedforward and feedback pathways for cell-type specific attention effects.

Selective attention is thought to depend on enhanced firing activity in extrastriate areas. Theories suggest that this enhancement depends on selective inter-areal communication via gamma (30-80 Hz) phase-locking. To test this, we simultaneously recorded from different cell types and cortical layers of macaque V1 and V4.

Principles of large-scale neural interactions.

What mechanisms underlie flexible inter-areal communication in the cortex? We consider four mechanisms for temporal coordination and their contributions to communication: (1) Oscillatory synchronization (communication-through-coherence); (2) communication-through-resonance; (3) non-linear integration; and (4) linear signal transmission (coherence-through-communication). We discuss major challenges for communication-through-coherence based on layer- and cell-type-specific analyses of spike phase-locking, heterogeneity of dynamics across networks and states, and computational models for selective communication. We argue that resonance and non-linear integration are viable alternative mechanisms that facilitate computation and selective communication in recurrent networks.

Clinical, imaging and functional determinants of sarcoidosis phenotypes in a Greek population.

Background: The aim of the present study was the application of the latest phenotype recommendations in Greek patients, in order to identify specific clinical, imaging and spirometric characteristics, at initial diagnosis of sarcoidosis, related to disease phenotypes.

Methods: Our cohort included 147 patients coming from Northern Greece, recruited from the Outpatient Sarcoidosis Clinic, of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. The observation period was 5 years.

Spontaneous variability in gamma dynamics described by a damped harmonic oscillator driven by noise.

Circuits of excitatory and inhibitory neurons generate gamma-rhythmic activity (30-80 Hz). Gamma-cycles show spontaneous variability in amplitude and duration. To investigate the mechanisms underlying this variability, we recorded local-field-potentials (LFPs) and spikes from awake macaque V1.

A Distinct Class of Bursting Neurons with Strong Gamma Synchronization and Stimulus Selectivity in Monkey V1.

Cortical computation depends on interactions between excitatory and inhibitory neurons. The contributions of distinct neuron types to sensory processing and network synchronization in primate visual cortex remain largely undetermined. We show that in awake monkey V1, there exists a distinct cell type (››30% of neurons) that has narrow-waveform (NW) action potentials and high spontaneous discharge rates and fires in high-frequency bursts.

A theta rhythm in macaque visual cortex and its attentional modulation.

Theta rhythms govern rodent sniffing and whisking, and human language processing. Human psychophysics suggests a role for theta also in visual attention. However, little is known about theta in visual areas and its attentional modulation.