Repeated DNA therapeutic vaccination of chronically SIV-infected macaques provides additional virological benefit.

We have previously reported that therapeutic immunization by intramuscular injection of optimized plasmid DNAs encoding SIV antigens effectively induces immune responses able to reduce viremia in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-treated SIVmac251-infected Indian rhesus macaques. We subjected such therapeutically immunized macaques to a second round of therapeutic vaccination using a combination of plasmids expressing SIV genes and the IL-15/IL-15 receptor alpha as molecular adjuvant, which were delivered by the more efficacious in vivo constant-current electroporation. A very strong induction of antigen-specific responses to Gag, Env, Nef, and Pol, during ART (1.

Acquired macroglossia due to lopinavir/ritonavir treatment.

A HIV-positive patient, 3 months after the treatment initiation with lopinavir-/ritonavir (LPV/r) acquired macroglossia. The tongue biopsy revealed mature adipose tissue accumulated into submucosa. The drug was discontinued and the patient showed a significant improvement.