Patterns of drug resistance among newly diagnosed HIV-1 infected patients in Greece during the last decade: the crucial role of transmission networks.

Introduction: The prevalence of drug resistance is approximately 10% in Europe and North America among newly infected patients. We aim to investigate the temporal patterns of resistance among drug naive HIV-infected individuals in Greece and also to determine transmission networking among those with resistant strains.

Materials And Methods: Protease (PR) and partial reverse transcriptase (RT) sequences were determined from 2499 newly diagnosed HIV-1 patients, in Greece, during 2003-2013.

Effect of clarithromycin in patients with suspected Gram-negative sepsis: results of a randomized controlled trial.

Background: A previous randomized study showed that clarithromycin decreases the risk of death due to ventilator-associated pneumonia and shortens the time until infection resolution. The efficacy of clarithromycin was tested in a larger population with sepsis.

Methods: Six hundred patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome due to acute pyelonephritis, acute intra-abdominal infections or primary Gram-negative bacteraemia were enrolled in a double-blind, randomized, multicentre trial.

Seroepidemiological study of pandemic influenza H1N1 following the 2009-2010 wave in Greece.

Knowledge of seroprevalence rates against 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus will assist vaccination recommendations and the preparation of the health-care system during subsequent years. This study was conducted in Greece during June-August 2010 to estimate the seroprevalence rate against pandemic H1N1 virus. Persons presenting in 29 health-care facilities across the country were studied.

Acute uncomplicated cystitis: from surveillance data to a rationale for empirical treatment.

The objectives of this study were to explore the epidemiological features and resistance rates in uropathogens isolated from cases of acute uncomplicated cystitis (AUC) in Greece, and subsequently to guide empirical treatment. Urine samples from outpatients aged >16 years were cultured and for each uropathogen isolated non-susceptibility to orally administered antimicrobial agents was defined. Demographic and clinical data were provided in questionnaire form.

Increasing prevalence of HIV-1 subtype A in Greece: estimating epidemic history and origin.

Background: In North America and Europe, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection has typically been dominated by subtype B transmission. More recently, however, non-B subtypes have been increasingly reported in Europe.

Methods: We analyzed 1158 HIV-1-infected individuals in Greece by DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analyses of protease and partial reverse-transcriptase regions.