Publications by authors named "Georgios Katzilieris-Petras"

Unlabelled: Whole-body glucose homeostasis is coordinated through secretion of glucagon and insulin from pancreatic islets. When glucose is low, glucagon is released from α-cells to stimulate hepatic glucose production. However, the mechanisms that regulate glucagon secretion from pancreatic α-cells remain unclear.

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Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) induces weight loss and increases insulin action in obese rodents. Whether and how GDF15 improves insulin action without weight loss is unknown. Obese rats were treated with GDF15 and displayed increased insulin tolerance 5 h later.

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Spread of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1) from the periphery to the central nervous system (CNS) can lead to extensive infection and pathological inflammation in the brain, causing herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE). It has been shown that microglia, the CNS-resident macrophages, are involved in early sensing of HSV1 and induction of antiviral responses. In addition, infiltration of peripheral immune cells may contribute to the control of viral infection.

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The use of statins in complicated pregnancy is being considered, as they protect endothelial function in the mother and placenta. However, whether statins affect cardiovascular function in the fetus is completely unknown. Here, we have determined the effects of pravastatin and underlying mechanisms on the cardiovascular system of the hypoxic chicken embryo, a model system that permits the direct effects of pravastatin on the developing offspring to be isolated independently of additional effects on the mother and/or placenta.

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Article Synopsis
  • The type I interferon (IFN-I) system is crucial for protecting the brain from viral infections, but both too little and too much of it can lead to issues, such as susceptibility to herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE).
  • Research using mouse models and human cases revealed that immune cells in the infected brain, particularly microglia, undergo apoptosis (cell death) in response to the virus through a mechanism that involves the cGAS/STING pathway, but this process does not rely on IFN-I levels.
  • By inhibiting caspase activity, researchers found that it prevented cell death in microglia, enhanced IFN-I responses, reduced viral load, and improved infection outcomes in both organotypic
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Background: Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) infections of the central nervous system (CNS) can result in HSV-1 encephalitis (HSE) which is characterized by severe brain damage and long-term disabilities. Different cell types including neurons and astrocytes become infected in the course of an HSE which leads to an activation of glial cells. Activated glial cells change their neurotrophic factor profile and modulate inflammation and repair.

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