The effect of temperature and challenge route on in vitro hemocyte phagocytosis activation after experimental challenge of common octopus, Octopus vulgaris (Cuvier, 1797) with either Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae or Vibrio anguillarum O1.

Infectious diseases in aquaculture could be associated with high mortalities and morbidity rates, resulting in negative impacts to fish farming industry, consumers, and the environment. Octopods are reared near marine fish farming areas, and this may represent a major risk since fish pathogens may cause pathologies to octopods. Up to date cephalopods immune defense and pathologies, are incompletely understood.