Non-oral, aerobic, Gram-negative bacilli in the oral cavity of Thai HIV-positive patients on Highly-active anti-retrovirus therapy medication.

In the present study, we identified and evaluated the antibiotic susceptibility of 96 independent, aerobic, Gram-negative bacillus isolates from 255 Thai HIV-positive adults who were on Highly-active anti-retrovirus therapy (HAART) medication. Another 46 isolates from HIV non-HAART individuals, vertically transmitted HIV-positive individuals, and non-HIV controls were included for comparison. A total of 103 strains were tested for antibiotic susceptibility using disc diffusion for screening and E-test for minimal inhibitory concentration determination, with special attention on extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) isolates.

[Severe ketoacidosis in breastfeeding woman with low energy and carbohydrate intake].

Ketoacidosis is a life threatening condition usually caused by diabetes mellitus or alcohol. In this case report we present a lactating woman who developed a severe ketoacidosis a few weeks post partum. Her nutritional status was inadequate due to illness and a diet low on carbohydrates.

Periodontal disease in a remote Asian population: association between clinical and microbiological parameters.

Objective: The aim was to clinically and microbiologically describe the periodontal conditions in a remote adult Asian population with poor oral hygiene.

Methods: The subjects were 30-60-year-old adults of Karen Hill tribes with no access to dental care. Eighty-six subjects were selected randomly.

Microbiome of peri-implant infections: lessons from conventional, molecular and metagenomic analyses.

Osseointegrated dental implants are now a well-established treatment option in the armament of restorative dentistry. These technologically advanced devices are designed to functionally and esthetically replace missing teeth. Despite the revolutionary advances that implants have incurred, they have also provided the oral cavity with new artificial surfaces prone to the formation of oral biofilms, similarly to the hard tissue surfaces of natural teeth.

The effect of the local use of chlorhexidine in surgical treatment of experimental peri-implantitis in dogs.

Aim: To evaluate the effect of surgical treatment of experimental peri-implantitis at implants with different surface characteristics using different anti-infective procedures.

Material And Methods: Four implants with different surface characteristics (A: TiOblast, B: OsseoSpeed, C: AT-I, D: TiUnite) were installed in a randomized order in each side of the mandible in 6 labrador dogs 3 months after tooth extraction. Experimental peri-implantitis was induced 3 months later.

Peri-implant infections of oral biofilm etiology.

Biofilms are complex microbial communities that grow on various surfaces in nature. The oral micobiota tend to form polymicrobial biofilms, particularly on the hard mineralized surfaces of teeth, which may impact on oral health and disease. They can cause inflammation of the adjacent tooth-supporting (periodontal) tissues, leading to destructive periodontal disease and tooth loss.

Effect of cleansing of biofilm formed on titanium discs.

Objectives: To study the combined effect of mechanical and chemical cleansing on a 4-day biofilm grown intra-orally on titanium discs with different surface characteristics.

Material And Methods: Twenty subjects used a splint with two metal plates in the upper jaw. Each plate was placed in the premolar-molar region and carried four titanium discs with four different surface characteristics (OsseoSpeed(™), TiOblast(™), experimental and turned surface).

Bacterial markers vs. clinical markers to predict progression of chronic periodontitis: a 2-yr prospective observational study.

The aim of this study was to identify sites at risk for future progression, during 2 yr of maintenance, in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP), based on longitudinal clinical and microbiological monitoring. At baseline (2003), clinical and microbiological features were recorded in 50 patients with CP. Two microbial samples were obtained from each patient (one from a clinically healthy site and one from a periodontitis site) and these were analyzed using DNA-DNA hybridization involving 25 bacterial species.

Microbiota in experimental periodontitis and peri-implantitis in dogs.

Aim: To analyze the microbial profile around teeth and implants following ligature removal in experimental periodontitis and peri-implantitis in dogs.

Material And Methods: Four implants with similar geometry and with two different surface characteristics (implant A: turned/implant B: TiUnite; NobelBiocare AB) were placed pairwise in the right side of the mandible 3 months after tooth extraction in five dogs. Experimental periodontitis and peri-implantitis were initiated 3 months later by ligature placement around implants and mandibular premolars and plaque formation.

Malignant lymphoma in primary Sjögren's syndrome: an update on the pathogenesis and treatment.

Objectives: Sjögren's syndrome (SS), a chronic autoimmune disorder, particularly compromises the function of exocrine glands. Its association with lymphoma is well documented. Our aim was to systematically review the molecular, clinical, histopathologic, and therapeutic aspects of these SS-related malignant lymphoproliferations.

Peptostreptococcus canis sp. nov., isolated from subgingival plaque from canine oral cavity.

A polyphasic taxonomic study was performed on two strains of an unknown Gram-positive, asaccharolytic, nonspore-forming, obligately anaerobic coccus-shaped bacterium isolated from oral subgingival plaque of Labrador retriever dogs. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing confirmed that these isolates were highly related to each other and formed a hitherto unknown linage within the clostridial rRNA XI cluster of organisms. Pairwise analysis demonstrated that the novel organism to be most closely related to members of the genus Peptostreptococcus with 16S rDNA gene sequence similarity values between 92.

A follow-up study of peri-implantitis cases after treatment.

Aim: The aim of this retrospective study was to follow patient cases in a longitudinal manner after peri-implantitis treatment.

Materials And Methods: Two hundred and eighty-one patient cases were selected consecutively from the archives of the Oral Microbiological Diagnostic Laboratory, Gothenburg, Sweden based on microbial analysis of bacterial samples taken from diseased implants. It was feasible to follow-up 245 patients after treatment for a period ranging from 9 months to 13 years.

Autopathogenic correlation of periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis.

Recently, a number of studies have pointed to a potential relationship between periodontitis (PO) and RA and vice versa. Both diseases are characterized by chronic inflammation, osseous destruction, damage of the supporting soft tissues, similar cellular immune responses and common immunogenetic findings. Although a definite, methodological report associating these diseases is missing from the literature, it is possible that both diseases share a common aetiopathogenic background.